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Iron-chelating properties of fruit extracts of various elderberries
Gorová, Barbora ; Mladěnka, Přemysl (advisor) ; Kašparová, Marie (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Candidate: Barbora Gorová Supervisor: Assoc Prof. Přemysl Mladěnka, Pharm.D., Ph.D. Title of thesis: Iron-chelating properties of fruit extracts of various elderberries Inorganic iron is the major food source of iron in humans. It plays role in many biochemical reactions. Thus, iron metabolism disorders can lead to different diseases associated with lack of iron or iron overload. One of the possible treatment modalities of the latter represents the administration of iron chelators. Elderberry, Sambucus nigra L. (Adoxaceae), has been used in traditional medicine. The fruits of elderberry are a rich source of cyanidin-based anthocyanins as the main component. There are important differences, both in chemical and physical properties between several cultivars of elderberry. Anthocyanins might interact with metals in the gastrointestinal tract by formation of chelates. However, data on metal interactions with anthocyanins are sparse. The main aim of this study was to perform the analysis of interaction of iron with elderberry fruit extracts as a rich and cheap source of anthocyanins with cyanidin as the aglycon. In this in vitro study ten elderberry fruit exctracts were tested for iron chelating activities...
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Literary-didactic potential of Capek's Apocryphs
Michálková, Lucie ; Klumparová, Štěpánka (advisor) ; Hník, Ondřej (referee)
The main aim of this thesis is to show the didactic potential of the Apocryphal Tales by Karel Capek as well as to suggest the possible ways to include it in the high school literature education. The theoretical part of this thesis mainly deals with the author - Karel Capek and the concept of the Apocryph. These theoretical chapters study the Apocryphal Tales in detail, especially, focusing on the origin of the book and the existing editions, content and formal analysis, author's work with the intertexture and artistic progress used by Karel Capek. The special part is dedicated to the possible reasons of underestimation of the Apocyrph within author's other works. The practical part targets the didactical potential of the Apocryph. There are described the possibilities of the work with all the texts and possible ways how to work with the idea of Apocryph. The crucial part shows the detailed analysis of the didactical potential of seven selected texts integrated with extended commentary to the structure of this chapter. Another very important part pursues the verification of didactical potential of one of the Apocryph in the framework of secondary school education. This part contains the commented version of the preparation for the high school lecture and its concluding reflection that comments on the...
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Flavonoids and other biologically active compound in sea buckthorn
Michalíková, Adéla ; Hudeček, Jiří (advisor) ; Moserová, Michaela (referee)
This bachelor thesis summarizes information about sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides), about chemical composition of different parts and products based on this species, and about their biologically active contents. A special emphasis is given to the oil prepared from sea buckthorn fruits. Sea buckthorn is a rich source of antioxidants such as vitamin C, vitamin E, flavonoids and carotenoids. The oil contains high levels of unsaturated fatty acids, in particular of palmitooleic acid. The beneficial effects on human health make sea buckthorn and products from this plant popular food supplements. The second part of this thesis describes analytical methods used for determination of bioactive compounds in sea buckthorn.The protocols based on high performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography or capillary electrophoresis are described in more detail. In the experimental part, four samples of sea buckthorn oil (two from Czech and two from Mongolian producers) were compared using absorption spectrophotometry and colorimetric evaluation using the CIELab method. Both samples of Czech origin displayed somewhat shifted absorption maxima and much weaker absorption, their coloration being much weaker. This may suggest some adulteration of these products Keywords: Sea buckthorn, Hippophae rhamnoides,...
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Analysis of sensorially active substances contained herbal extracts
Koloničná, Markéta ; Vítová, Eva (referee) ; Mikulíková, Renata (advisor)
The peppermint (Mentha piperita), the salvia (Salvia officinalis), the lemon balm (Melissa oficinalis), the camomile (Matricaria chamomilla) and the valerian (Valeriana officinalis) are herbs with healing effects. Their ethanol extracts are used for food fortification or in a cosmetic industry. Substances contained in herbal extracts were analyzed in this thesis. The extracts were prepared by maceration. Next, they were analyzed by using a gas chromatography and a mass spectrometry. The aim of this thesis was an optimalization of the method used for the analysis of sensorially active substances. Then, herbal extracts were analyzed and concentration of sensorially active substances was determined.
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Dependence of quality parameters of malt on the temperature of mashing at sweet wort preparation
Zlámalová, Petra ; Sachambula, Lenka (referee) ; Mikulíková, Renata (advisor)
The Masters thesis deals with dependence of quality parameters of malt on the temperature of mashing at sweet wort preparation. The theoretical part focuses on the technology of malt production including description of ingredients, production parts, some kinds of malt and the quality parameters. There is also described the technology of sweet wort preparation and the methods of determination of the malt quality parameters in the sweet wort there. The experimental part focuses on determination of malt extract, viscosity, haze, colour, time of starch cleavage, pH, degree of fermentation and beta-glucans content. Based on temperature dependence of parameters, the individual samples were compared and the effects of temperature were discussed. The biggest extract of light and caramel malts was explored at 70 °C, of coloured malt at 50 °C. The lowest viscosity of light and coloured malts was explored at 65 °C, of caramel malt at 50 °C. The lowest haze of wort was at 65 °C. Ideal colour of all malts was at all mashing temperatures. Ideal pH of all malts was explored at 70 °C. Ideal time of starch cleavage was explored at 70-85 °C. The biggest achievable degree of fermentation and the hugest increase of beta-glucans content were explored at 65 °C.
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Characterization of some natural substances with antimycotic effect
Plachá, Monika ; Hlaváček, Viliam (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (advisor)
The introduced bachelor thesis is focused on investigation of the effects of natural substances with potential antimycotic effects and characterization of their constituents. As a part of this work, an overview of mycosis, antimycotics and constituents of natural substances were introduced. Moreover, antifungal susceptibility and genus Candida were described. In the end of the theoretical part the liposomes and their characterization were described. In the experimental part general characteristics of some natural substances and antimycotic test were analyzed. Aqueous, ethanol, methanol and DMSO extracts were tested on yeast strain Candida glabrata. Aqueous extract of the cloves, cloves oil and their combination were encapsulated into liposomes. The encapsulation effectivity, long-term stability and their antifungal activity were determined too. Characterization of liposomes was identified by DLS. Finally, application of liposomes to a preparation of pharmaceutical and cosmetic preparations were presented.
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Manufacturing of cover
Březina, Stanislav ; Císařová, Michaela (referee) ; Podaný, Kamil (advisor)
The graduation theses worked up within the frame of the master study programme M21-P, field of study M-STM, sets up a proposal of the technology of the casing manufacture. The casing will be made of steel plate 11 305.21. In terms of a linear study of the questions of deep drawing and the calculation, drawing in the instrument with blankholder was suggested. The upper ejector is instrumental to the extension of the components. The intermediate product will be a roundel created by scission of the sneet panel of 1 mm size. The average of the intermediate product is 124,7 mm, while series 100 000 pieces a year. In terms of the calculations for the operation of drawing, the hydraulic press ZH 30 with specified forming power was selected.
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Production of the cover
Dymák, Petr ; Císařová, Michaela (referee) ; Podaný, Kamil (advisor)
The cover is a component used to cover the motor bearing. A material, used for its production, is steel 11 320. Of the possible technologies was selected as the most suitable for production the method of conventional campaign without wall thinning. For production of the cover has been calculated the blank diameter of 477 mm, which is made of a metal sheet with the dimensions 1 x 3000 x 1500 mm. Literary study is focused on the analysis of the technology. Semi-finished product of cover component will be cut in sheet measuring 1 x 1500 x 3000 mm. For forming of the component will be used hydraulic double-acting press CTH 250 from company ŽĎAS a.s. After the economic evaluation was determined price of one part to amount of 62 CZK in series of 100 000 pieces/year.
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The ecological grape and wine production
Kalábová, Jana ; Pořízka, Jaromír (referee) ; Omelková, Jiřina (advisor)
Bachelor´s thesis is focused on technological processes of production of wine and now very mature producing organic wines. It describes the principles of organic farming and organic way of growing grapes. It provides basic information about grape wine, which is an important raw material for wine production. It refers also to the modern protection of ecologically grown plants from fungal diseases and pests. The aim of experimental part was to examine the effects of aqueous extract of dried sage to the growth of microorganisms. Sage contains protective substances effective in preventing of pests. The results showed, that the extract from the stems showed inhibitory effect on some selected microorganisms, but the extract from the leaves did not show inhibition.
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Basic features of wine fermented from freerun and pressed must
Becková, Eliška ; Šalplachta, Jan (referee) ; Vespalcová, Milena (advisor)
My work is engaging in winemaking of white and red wines. Theoretic processes and goings during winemaking is describe in the first part of this work. It deals harvest of kapes, fermetation, clearing wine, chemical content of grapes and wine, deseases and abnormality of wines. There are this described choosen variettes, their grapes were processed practically. The third part of this work is dealed in practice winemaking and chemical analyse sof wines. Musts from the start of pressing, from the first dressing and from the end dressing fermented to the end dressing . They were fermented and than analysed by chemical and tasting tests. The discussion about the dependence of the quality of wines on the kind of the must during pressing is presented in the end of this work. The results are motivated by chemical analyses and senzoric tasting of the experts.
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