|
|
Awareness of Fair Trade in a Fairtrade Town
JARKOVSKÁ, Kateřina
This thesis focuses on Fair Trade, human rights and working conditions in developing countries. It deals with both Czech and international companies that are involved in Fair Trade. It focuses on the Fair Trade Towns campaign and is also describes other campaigns that promote Fair Frade ideas. Part of the thesis was a research project that tried to examine whether Český Krumlov citizens are aware of the fact that they live in a Fair Trade Town and whether they support the idea of Fair Trade.
|
|
|
Global distribution of revenue loss from corporate tax avoidance
Richtárová, Marie Anna ; Janský, Petr (advisor) ; Dubinina, Evgeniya (referee)
Existing empirical results suggest inequality of the global distribution of tax revenue loss resulting from tax avoidance techniques as base erosion and profit shifting to the detriment of developing countries. International Mon- etary Fund researchers conducted a pioneering study in this field in 2016 and introduced an innovative methodology to quantify the revenue impact. The aim of this thesis is firstly to re-estimate their model. Moreover, among other changes in the data, we exploit high-quality revenue data from the International Centre for Tax and Development-World Institute for Develop- ment Economics Research Government Revenue Database with an extended time range offering so more recent and accurate estimates of global revenue loss. Our findings suggest a slightly lower estimate of US$550 billion revenue loss globally. In terms of percent of the gross domestic product, the results indicate a less severe revenue loss compared to previous estimates. Follow- ing a previous re-estimation carried out by Cobham and Janský in 2018, we present updated loss estimates disaggregated for country income groups and regions. The results present further evidence of greater severity of rev- enue loss due to tax avoidance in low and lower-middle income countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America & the...
|
|
| |
|
|
Help children in developing countries, distance adoption, education and related projects with a focus mainly on the African continent
Kosíková, Aneta ; Wildová, Radka (advisor) ; Mazáčová, Nataša (referee)
UNIVERZITA KARLOVA v PRAZE Pedagogická fakulta Katedra primární pedagogiky POMOC DĚTEM V ROZVOJOVÝCH ZEMÍCH, ADOPCE NA DÁLKU, VZDĚLÁVÁNÍ A PROJEKTY S TÍM SOUVISJÍCÍ SE ZAMĚŘENÍM PŘEDEVŠÍM NA AFRICKÝ KONTINENT HELP CHILDREN IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, DISTANCE ADOPTION, EDUCATION AND RELATED PROJECTS WITH A FOCUS MAINLY ON THE AFRICAN CONTINENT Vedoucí diplomové práce: Doc. PaedDr. Radka Wildová, CSc. Autor diplomové práce: Aneta Kosíková Studijní obor: Učitelství pro 1. stupeň ZŠ Forma studia: prezenční Diplomová práce dokončena: prosinec 2013 Abstrakt: Diplomová práce představuje, co jsou adopce na dálku v rozvojových zemích, jaké organizace se tím zabývají, podoba školství v Africe. V teoretické části je vysvětlení pojmů rozvojová a rozvinutá země, představení jednotlivých organizací, které se zabývají adopcí na dálku, a projektů, které mají výrazně pomoci lidem žijícím ve velké chudobě. Rovněž ukazuje odlišný systém školství a projekty k zlepšení tamního vzdělávání. Zároveň jsou zde zmíněny termíny dítě předškolního a mladšího školního věku a důležitost rodiny, protože právě ty jsou nejdůležitějšími faktory při projektu adopce na dálku. V praktické části ve výzkumném šetření jsou zahrnuty rozhovory s koordinátory z Čech a Keni a adoptivními rodiči, kteří mají zkušenosti s adopcí na dálku. Průzkum dotazníkem...
|
|
|
Transnational Corporations from Developing Countries and their Integration into the Globalization Process
Hinková, Lenka ; Novotný, Josef (advisor) ; Ženka, Jan (referee)
The main theme of this master's thesis is an effort to explain the integration of transnational corporations from developing countries into the economic globalization. Firstly, we define the main concepts, such as process of globalization and competition. Then, we specify the most important characteristics of transnational corporations from developing countries, we identify major incentives and strategies of their integration into the global competition, we also devote our attention to measurement of degree of their integration into the global economy and evaluate their main competitive advantages and disadvantages. In the analytical part of the work we use quantitative analysis in order to find the differences between transnational corporations from developing countries and their counterparts from developed countries in the transnationality index, diversification of industry and industrial sector in which these companies operate. The last part is focused on a case study of an Indian transnational conglomerate Tata Group. On this example we show the practical aspects of integration of transnational corporations from developing countries into the global economy.
|
|
|
EEC's development policy to the third world countries (focused on Africa) from 1960 to 1979
Brázdilová, Monika ; Horčička, Václav (advisor) ; Soukup, Jaromír (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to provide a comprehensive view at the development cooperation of the European Economic Community in the 60's and 70's years of the 20th century in relation to the countries of the Third World with a focus on African developing countries. It also deals with the analysis of the very concept of development, development cooperation and development policy. The thesis is conceived from the general to the particular, where are first discussed the main concepts, the grouping and contracts supplemented with more detailed analysis. At first is briefly described the establishment of the EEC and the characteristic of grouping ACP. Then comes the analysis of the actual development cooperation and measures with which was the aid realized. Another two sections are devoted to comprehensive contractual framework of cooperation, which is in this period defined by part IV. Treaty of Rome and the Implementing agreement, two conventions of Yaoundé and the First Lomé convention. In the Lomé Convencion, there were a lot of significant changes made in terms of equality between the EEC and the ACP countries, as the concept of association was changed to the principle of partnership during the time. The development aid had to be managed somehow as well, so in next chapter is the topic of the...
|
|
|
Factors that influence the use of rainwater harvesting systems for domestic drinking water consumption in rural areas of developing countries
Cahlíková, Markéta ; Novotný, Josef (advisor) ; Lungová, Kristýna (referee)
This thesis discusses rainwater harvesting systems (RWH systems). It particularly focuses on systems collecting rainwater for domestic consumption in rural areas of developing countries. The main aim of the thesis is to identify factors, which influence the willingness and ability of people to adopt and use properly these RWH systems. I began with a brief introduction into the topic of the good-quality drinking water scarcity and with a discussion of relevant information about the RWH systems. The method used for the research was a systematic review. The relevant literature was systematically searched, selected, evaluated, and the relevant material was then processed with regards to the importance of particular factors influencing the RWH systems adption and utilization. Altogether, 26 influential factors were identified and discussed.
|
|
|
Sino-American Ideological Clash: Washington Consensus and Beijing Consensus
Šrámek, Petr ; Sehnálková, Jana (advisor) ; Bečka, Jan (referee)
The objective of my master's thesis, "Sino-American Ideological Clash: Washington Consensus and Beijing Consensus" is to consider two models of economic development, the Washington Consensus and the Beijing consensus. In the first part, I analyze the discourse that evolves around these two concepts, and I also consolidate the definitions of these terms. Washington Consensus was a set of specific rules for macroeconomic policy of the state. As a result of the ending Cold War, the discrediting of alternative models of economic development and direct link of this model to the financial support from international financial institutions, the popularity of the Washington consensus in the 1990s soared. The democratization of the country was perceived as another unwritten rule. In the wake of the Asian financial crisis of 1997, as well as other crises in developing countries which actively engaged the World Bank and IMF, the term has been largely discredited. It was associated with concepts like 'shock therapy', 'neoliberalism' or 'market fundamentalism'. Meanwhile, the long-term economic growth of China drew the attention of developing countries. In connection with the declining popularity of the Washington Consensus and the global economic crisis, the demand for alternative development policies increased. The...
|
|
|
The Impact of Age Structure on Inflation - Example of Developing Countries
Zakaraia, Khatia ; Ryska, Pavel (advisor) ; Janda, Karel (referee)
Many countries in the world experience demographic transition - significant decrease of fertility rates and increase share of the old population. The pace and characteristics of demographic shifts however are individual for each country. At the same time these countries face low inflation rates or even deflation. In this thesis I demonstrate how demographic changes are correlated with low inflation rates. I estimated two different models - VAR and FEM for panel data using two samples of developing countries. The primary argument of using two separate groups for estimating the same problem is robustness check, whether all three imposed hypotheses will hold in any sample of the population. These hypotheses are - first, deflation is positively correlated with increased share of the old population, second, low inflation in developing economies has structural pattern due to demographic changes and third, deflation can be forecastable if it is driven by demographic trends. Despite the heterogeneity of the results from PVAR and FEM, a negative impact of aging population on inflation has been proved. Also estimation results support our two hypotheses that low inflation if it is partially driven by aging structure changes, has structural rather than cyclical characteristics and is predictable. Contribution...
|
|
|
Problems and perspectives of development aid: donors and developing countries
Studecký, Jan ; Kučerová, Irah (advisor) ; Hlavičková, Zuzana (referee)
The aim of this thesis called 'Problems and perspectives of development aid: donors and developing countries' are main questions of development aid in general. Basic ideas of the whole concept are defined in the first chapter. The history of development aid and international theories' perspectives of development aid are mentioned here. The second chapter consists of classifications and characteristics of developing countries together with their capacities for integration. The donors are presented in the third chapter. The main part of the thesis is the fourth chapter in which the problems of development aid are analysed on the grounds of contemporary field literature. At the beginning of the fourth chapter the qualitative problems of development aid are analysed together with the donors' motivations for its distribution. The best possible form of development aid is discussed later on - whether it is better to provide developing countries with loans or non-repayable grants. Moreover, the coordination problems within the development aid are discussed as well as possible alternatives to development aid - such as trade. The thesis pays also attention to negative consequences of development aid. Possible solutions to the problems mentioned are sketched within each sub-chapter.
|
guest ::
