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The Portrayal of the Czechoslovak coup d'état of February 1948 in Contemporary Press
Bartůňková, Eliška ; Stellner, František (advisor) ; Szobi, Pavel (referee)
This bachelor thesis examines the representation of the Czechoslovak February 1948 coup in Rudé právo and Svobodné noviny. Its aim is to find out the difference between the periodicals and the possible change of Svobodné noviny after the replacement of the editor-in-chief during the coup. Using Krippendorff's quantitative content analysis, I find out that before the editor- in-chief's exchange, the newspaper differed. While Svobodné noviny were objective, Rudé právo contained engaged journalism. After the exchange, the differences faded away. The plurality of opinions was no longer present in Svobodné noviny, and the opposition was displayed negatively, as was the case of Rudé právo.
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Appraisal of Edvard Beneš in different interpretations of accepting the Munich Agreement
Oraiqat, Jakub ; Šafařík, Petr (advisor) ; Smetana, Vít (referee)
Presented bachelor thesis examines different interpretations of accepting the Munich agreement and their influence on evaluation of the second president of Czechoslovakia Edvard Beneš. He was responsible for the foreign policy of the interwar Czechoslovakia and assumed decisive role in the Munich crisis. Because of these reasons the Munich agreement is mostly associated with the name of Edvard Beneš. Submitting to the Munich agreement is frequently interpreted differently and because of that there are significant differences in evaluation of the political deeds of Edvard Beneš. Reason behind these differences is a question whether should Czechoslovakia defy the Munich agreement and the nation defend itself against the German aggression. The answer to this question determines the method of interpreting the submission to the Munich agreement and also the appraisal of Edvard Beneš. That leads to a schism. From one point of view Edvard Beneš is described as a saviour of the nation but from the other one he is labelled as the one who broke the moral backbone of the same nation. We can find many questionable arguments behind interpretations of the submission to the Munich agreement as a mistake. There is a tendency to compare. But most of the comparisons are not suitable. There are also signs of...
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The Truth Will Win 1938 anti-Czechoslovak broadcast of Vienna radio
Cvachovcová, Klára ; Suk, Pavel (advisor) ; Knapík, Jiří (referee)
This thesis concentrates on 1938 radio broadcast Pravda vítězí (The Truth Will Win), broadcasted from Vienna in both Czech and Slovak languages in the two months preceding and following the signing of the Munich agreement. Its theoretical part follows the genesis of the two broadcasts, the personalities involved and also the connection between Pravda vítězí and Vlajka, the infamous Czech fascist movement. In the practical part, Nazi propaganda themes are being analyzed in both broadcasts during October 1938. Main focus is on the campaigns against president Beneš, against freemasonry and bolshevism, pro-German campaign and antisemitism. In the Slovak language broadcast, anti-Czech campaign was a significant part of the Nazi propaganda, along with the support of Slovak separatism. Comparison of the ideological focus and goals of both broadcasts is supported by numerous quotations. In the final part, the thesis offers a brief look at the reactions to the broadcasts. Also, it attempts to evaluate the broadcasts' possible effects on both Czech and Slovak audience in the light of its primary goal - the disintegration of Czechoslovakia.
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Formation of the Czech Party System 1943-1945
Langerová, Pavlína ; Kocian, Jiří (advisor) ; Doubek, Vratislav (referee)
This work is about the renewal of the Czech party system in period of 1943-1945. The introduction focuses on the liquidation of the party system in 1938, the party system of the Second Republic and contextualisation of the work to party systems theories. Another part deals with the formation of concepts of domestic and foreign Czechoslovak resistance on the future shape of the party system, in particular the cooperation of Moscow and London exile. The thesis describes the relationships and actions of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, based in the Soviet Union and their democratic competitors, who were headquartered in London, where the President Beneš and the State Council were seated. In particular, these relationships are the starting point for this work's research thesis: how the negotiations between the exile in London and Moscow influence and determined the post-war party constitution. The hypothesis that the activity of the Czechoslovak Communist Party in the Moscow exile was vital for the post-war party development will be confirmed or disproved in the conclusion. The final chapter focuses on initial period of the restoration of the organizational form and policy programs of the party system in the years 1944 - 1945 and the beginnings of activity of the parties within the National Front...
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Czechoslovak-Hungarian relations in 1945-1948
Kőrösová, Elizabeth ; Kolmanová, Simona (advisor) ; Pejša, Robert (referee)
The main objective of this work is to analyze the Czechoslovak-Hungarian relations in the period 1945-1948, especially in terms of the political and ethnic development in both countries. After the end of the Second World War Czechoslovakia got to the side of the victorious countries, while Hungary found themselves among the defeated states. Hungary, in a reflection of the Czechoslovak policy bore its responsibility for conflicts such as those associated with the Vienna arbitration in 1938, and conflicts associated with belonging to the Hungarian national minority to Czechoslovakia. To the forefront of the Czechoslovak- Hungarian relations has gotten the solution of minority issues which were dealt by Košice government program and by decrees of the President Edvard Beneš. Czechoslovak-Hungarian relations began to become sharper at the bilateral level, and because of other side-effects - involuntary deportation of the Hungarian minority populations, prepared and negotiated exchange of population, transfer to the forced labor on the Czech border, forced reslovakization of Hungarian minority living in Czechoslovakia. The gradual normalization of these relations occured at a bilateral (international) level in the first years of the consolidation of the people's democratic regimes in the context of...
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The Issue of President Benes Decrees on the Czech-German relations
Krupičková, Michaela ; Kunštát, Miroslav (advisor) ; Kučera, Jaroslav (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the debate on the Benes Decrees in the European Parliament between 2002 and 2003, which took place in the context of the accession negotiations of the Czech Republic into the European Union. The paper is divided into three parts. The first chapter summarizes the development of relations between the Germany and the Czech Republic after 1989. Particular emphasis is placed on the emergence of Czech - German Declaration in 1997 and critical objection for annulment of presidential decrees. For the proper understanding and more insight into the problem, why the Benes decrees create such a barrier in the Czech-German relations, the second part of the thesis is dedicated to those decrees, which still arouses criticism and resistance. In this chapter are thus described various Decrees in detail - when and why they were established and what the consequences in practice mean for Czech and German population today. The third part is dedicated to the debate in the European Parliament, explores the attitudes and opinions of the individual politicians in the European Union and the Czech politicians, who were forced to respond to this situation. The chapter is closed by a short analysis of the referendum in the Czech Republic about the European Union, which took place in June 2003....
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Constitutional development and the political system of Czechoslovakia after February 1948
Trnka, Michal ; Kocian, Jiří (advisor) ; Polášek, Martin (referee)
This work focuses on constitutional and political development in Czechoslovakia after the coup d'état in February 1948 that performed the Communist Party to gain absolute power. The author examines the nature of the political system immediately after the coup, and the differences between constitutional law and contemporary reality. The author assumes that some establishment not only the constitution but also other laws was just a front for illegal consolidation of a totalitarian regime. First, the work focuses to the period before February 1948, and the aspects that led to the coup, as well as the development of a new constitution, which were not completed before the coup. Second, the February events itself are analyzed with an emphasis on the extent to which took place in accordance with the constitutional order. The period after 1948, when there were illegal consolidation of power by the Communist Party, political purges and radical transformation of society, is analyzed in the following chapters. The author concludes that the future direction of Czechoslovakia was decided soon after the 1945 communist infiltration of the security forces. They also played an important role in the coup itself. While the Communist Party argued that the act of resignation of ministers and complement government was...
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Czechoslovakia in the ideas of Edvard Benes at Paris Peace Conference in the years 1918-1919
Samková, Marcela ; Šmíd, Marek (advisor) ; Beneš, Zdeněk (referee)
The thesis focuses on the form changes of postwar Czechoslovakia at the Paris Peace Conference in 1918-1919 concerning the personality of Foreign Minister Edvard Benes and describtion and interpretation of his ideas, which were confronted with the reality of the political elites of the time and the views of the contemporary press. The aim of this thesis is to analyse the Benes's efforts related to the formation of postwar Czechoslovakia, his foreign anchorage, international guarantees and bonds, its borders and relations with neighboring countries, etc., whose final form we know, but we're not already familiar with their alternative tendencies and ideas, which changed at the Paris Peace conference.
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Edvard Beneš and Wenzel Jaksch. Reasons of unsuccessful cooperation
Romočuský, Martin Štěpán ; Smetana, Vít (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee)
In my bachelor thesis I focus on joint negotiations of Edvard Beneš as a representative of the Czechoslovak exile and Wenzel Jaksch as a representative of the Sudeten German exile. Since 1939, both politicians lived in exile in London and led talks on the post-war solution of the Sudeten German issue and the arrangements of the Sudetenland in Czechoslovakia and within Central Europe. At the beginning of the exile, both Beneš and Jaksch were willing to discuss a joint collaboration and their political actions, although their different ideas and visions were apparent right from the beginning and sometimes even collided. Yet, there was a good chance to create a compromise solution. The ongoing war, rising anti-German sentiment in the Protectorate and UK and also strengthening of Beneš's position, the agreement started to become increasingly unlikely and Jaksch started to lose his political influence on developments in the exile inevitably and thus on the future postwar politics. Beneš has managed to carry some of the key points of his political agenda - recognition of Czechoslovakia Government in Exile (1941), renunciation of the Munich Agreement (1942) and obtaining of the fundamental consent of the British Government with the expulsion of the German minority from Czechoslovakia (1942) - which sealed...
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The Monument of the "Benes Letters"?(The Statue of the President Benes in Prague as a "Place of Memory")
Trepeš, Matěj ; Randák, Jan (advisor) ; Michela, Miroslav (referee)
in English The Monument of the "Benes Letters"? (The Statue of the President Benes in Prague as a "Place of Memory") This dissertation shows the gallery of various moods of recollections the Czech politician Edvard Beneš (1884−1948) during the years 2002−2005, it means around the great easterly enlargement of the European Union. In these period many controversies were led internationally and bilaterally about the "Benes Letters" and about the displacement of Germans after the WW2, in the Czech Republic about the issue "Benes and communism", too. The introduction sketches the theoretical and methodological starting points of this dissertation, and then recapitulates the European context of the problems and the structure of this study. The second chapter looks into the research of E. Benes in the milieu of the Czech pro- Benes contemporary witnesses of him and their organizations, characterizes their narrative and shows their activities, which were done in direction to the celebration of this hero. The third chapter analyzes another one type of the Benes recollection in Czech − the example of one caricatural bust of Benes, artwork of artistic group Pode Bal, and shows the contemporary political context of this intervention. The fourth chapter analyzes the pictures of Benes in the Czech political...
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