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The Liturgy of Revolution: Political Theory of Patrick Pearse between Catholicism and Modernism
Ruczaj, Maciej ; Pilný, Ondřej (advisor) ; Markus, Radvan (referee) ; Ní Ghaibhí, Róisín (referee)
Dublin Easter Rising of 1916 is widely recognized as an example of an intersection between nationalism and religion due to its use of the Christian symbolism of redemption via sacrifice. The religious aura, surrounding its leader and main ideologue, Patrick Pearse, was both a source of his posthumous "triumph" - the Irish independence shaped to a large extent by his legacy, and his "black legend" of the spiritual father of the sectarian violence in the twentieth century Irish politics. Due to the high degree of politicization of the debate over Pearse's role in Irish history, his intellectual legacy was rarely treated sine ira et studio. After a delineation of the problematic legacy of Pearse in the context of Irish Studies and the general introduction to the theme of the relations between nationalism and religion, this work proceeds to the re-examination of the place of religion in Pearse's thought. Pearse's conceptualization of Irish nationalism should be perceived as a synthesis emerging from the interplay between his deep indebtedness to the religious mind-frame and the Romantic and modernist influences that shaped the atmosphere of the pre-1914 Europe. It is based on a structural analogy between the Church and the nation. The analogy is created by means of a mechanism of the transposition of...
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Winter Olympics in Sochi: Russian national identity and the authoritarian state.
Bartoš, Marek ; Kolenovská, Daniela (advisor) ; Svoboda, Karel (referee)
The following thesis analyses the role of the organization of the XXII. Winter Olympic Games in Sochi in the process of consolidation of the Russian authoritarian regime and the formation of national identity between 2007 and 2014. The preparations for the Sochi Olympics and their implementation coincided with the transformation of the Russian political system, which was rapidly adapting to the consequences of Vladimir Putin's unconstitutional return to the presidency. This paper is based on the hypothesis that hosting a global sport mega-event (SME) such as the Olympic Games provides authoritarian regimes with the means to reinforce existing official discourses of identity and ideology, suppress domestic and foreign criticism, and create an environment for corruption to flourish. In this way, it contributes to the consolidation of the regime's power structures and the legitimacy of its rule. Systematic state support for national professional athletes, highlighting their achievements in international competition, and unprecedented economic and political investment in the success of the Olympics have the potential to reinforce patriotic sentiments and build positive links between the state and the citizen. An analysis of these mechanisms can contribute to the debate on the relationship between...
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Religious Zionism and 1967: A paradigm shift?
Broschardt, Michal ; Kalhousová, Irena (advisor) ; Plíštilová, Tereza (referee)
This thesis examines the development of the ideas of religious Zionism with an emphasis on the changes after the 1967 Six-Day War. Conceptually, the thesis draws on the literature on nationalism accenting its territorial and religious aspects. The first part elaborates the original moderate character of religious Zionism, which was mostly manifested by pragmatism and a willingness to compromise. In the aftermath of the Six-Day War, the thesis analyses the decline of this moderate pragmatism, which is replaced by a messianic Zionism inspired by the ideas of Abraham Kook. This thesis considers the main factor of change to be the issue of control of newly acquired territories, which has become particularly relevant to the whole of Israeli society. The influence of messianic Zionists fostered a change towards territorial expansionism within the movement, closely tied to the belief in the redemptive mission of the State of Israel. At the same time, a strong anti-Arab sentiment and vision of Jewish exclusivity within the state emerged in the religious Zionism. A key role in this transformation was played by the Gush Emunim movement, which had a defining influence on the activities of the modern settler movement in the West Bank, Golan Heights and Gaza. After demise of Gush Emunim, religious Zionism...
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The Road to Democracy in Communist Countries: Exploring the Influences in Transformation including nationalism
Xu, Jingjing ; Svoboda, Karel (advisor) ; Hanley, Seán (referee) ; Horák, Slavomír (referee)
This research delves into the transformative political journeys of Eastern Bloc countries following the disintegration of the Soviet Union, emphasizing the distinct paths they embarked upon-ranging from democracies to autocracies. Central to this exploration is the potent role of nationalism, particularly the dynamics of inclusive and exclusive nationalism, in steering these transitions. Through comparative analyses, the study unravels the complex interplay of factors that influenced the trajectories of these nations. The findings not only map the road to democracy in communist countries but also illuminate the profound influence of nationalism on such metamorphoses. By shedding light on these intricate dynamics, the research offers a robust framework for understanding and guiding democratic transitions in other regions, emphasizing the nuances of nationalism that can either bolster or hinder the pursuit of democratic ideals. Key Words: Eastern Bloc, Political Transformation, Democracy, Authoritarian Regimes, Nationalism, Post-communist
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T. G. Masaryk's Accentuation of the Social Question in second half of the 19th century
Kozák, Vratislav ; Havelka, Miloš (advisor) ; Nešpor, Zdeněk (referee) ; Kubátová, Helena (referee)
Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk of the 20th century is a person whose characterization and classification in the society of the time is generally agreed upon among scholars. Masaryk of the 19th century, however, is a very different case. To this day, there is still no consensus among scholars as to how exactly to classify Masaryk, which many simplify by arguing that Masaryk himself was indecisive in this regard, devoting himself to many things at once but not always fully. The central issue of the second half of the 19th century was undoubtedly the social question, which is also difficult for many to grasp, since it can be viewed in either a very specific or a very general way. With this in mind, in my thesis I not only focus on Masaryk's view of the social question of the time, but I come up with the hypothesis that it is the social question and its principle of equality that is the central motive of the person of Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk in the 19th century. I propose a functional Masarykian model for solving the social issues of the time, which is based on the aforementioned concept of equality, but in several interrelated yet sufficiently independent areas, such as religion, politics, nationalism, society and education. I subsequently verify the location of these individual aspects within my Masarykian...
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Catalan identity and nationalism from the perspective of Catalan and Spanish political parties between 2014 and 2017
Pěkná, Adéla ; Kasáková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Tomalová, Eliška (referee)
The period from 2014 to 2017 was marked in Catalonia by many events and tensions surrounding independence issues. This work "Catalan identity and nationalism from the perspective of Catalan and Spanish political parties between 2014 and 2017" aims to find out how identity themes are captured in the programs of political parties across the entire political spectrum in Catalonia, i. e. in the programs of both national and Catalan parties, and whether the processing of these themes leads to a clear interpretation of Catalan identity or problematizes it. The work is based on the interpretation of the nation according to Anthony D. Smith and the national identity derived from it, expanded with linguistic themes and cultural peculiarities of the community of nations according to Eric J. Hobsbawm. The application of thematic analysis on the political proclamations were identified based on the formulation of these parties' national-identity perception of Catalonia. The basic source are the election programs of the Catalan political parties. This work concludes that the themes represented by the national-identity issue in the program of Catalan political parties are language, protection of cultural heritage and territorial identity. However, processing these topics does not lead to a clear interpretation of...
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Širým světem of Stanislav Nikolau. Geographical magazine 1924 - 1944
Ulipová, Jana ; Bednařík, Petr (advisor) ; Köpplová, Barbara (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the magazine "Širým světem", which was managed by Stanislav Nikolau (1878-1950), a prominent figure in the public life of the First Czechoslovak Republic. Based on a historical analysis of primary sources, placed in context by the study of secondary literature, it completes Nikolau's personality including his views orientation that is based on the ideas of the nationalist right-wing, with a strong anti-Communist orientation, through the leadership of the Czech fascist movement Vlajka to the anti-Semitic rhetoric. The thesis presents his rich activity in the pedagogical, journalistic, and editorial field and does not omit his professional work that was always closely intertwined with geography. However, it is an analysis of the non-fictional periodical "Širým světem. The Geographical Magazine", founded by Nikolau for young readers in 1924 that is the core of the thesis. The magatine's content also corresponded to that − it included adventure stories, short stories and original travel reports that − in addition to the resilience of the human spirit − also reflected the diversity of geographical conditions especially on non-European continents. It continued to develop and change in the context of Nikolau's preferences, reflecting the growing interest of the reading public...
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The role of far-right forces in Ukraine during and after Euromaidan
Sydorenko, Bohdan ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Charvát, Jan (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the role of Ukrainian far-right forces during the Euromaidan and in the post-revolutionary period. The thesis is conceived as a case study that relies mainly on qualitative research methods based on academic literature accompanied by non-academic sources. The first chapter includes an introduction to the topic and provides research questions and thesis structure along with methodology and literature review. In the second chapter, the historical and ideological genesis of the Ukrainian far-right will be outlined along with a presentation of current far-right representatives including the most famous ones. In further parts, the activities and role of far-right forces during Euromaidan, their engagement during the war in the Donbas region, and their political and civil activities during the post-revolutionary period. The time frame of this thesis is limited to the beginning of the full-scale invasion of Ukraine by the Russian Federation in February 2022. At the end of each part, research questions will be answered based on the findings of the respective part. Those answers are then summed up in a conclusion. The goal of the thesis is thus to analyze and explain the role of Ukrainian far-right forces in a given period and to provide a deeper understanding of the current...
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