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The analysis of playing interactions of a child at toddler age in a nursery
Petráňová, Tereza ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor) ; Morávková Krejčová, Lenka (referee)
This diploma thesis The analysis of palying interactions of a child at toddler age in a nursery is divided into two parts - the theoretical part and the empirical part. The theoretical part is divided into four main chapters. The first chapter deals with the characteristics of a child at toddler age. The individual stages of child development are described here. The second chapter focuses on the child's play activities and the third characterises nursery care in the Czech Republic and abroad. The fourth chapter contains summary of the theoretical part. The survey presented in the empirical part of the thesis consists of an analysis of play interaction between two and three-year old children and their teacher in a nursery facility. The following actions of children were monitored: vocalisation, eye contact with other people and expression of emotions, motor activity, toy preference and mutual physical contact between the teacher and a child. Video records were analysed using applications V.I.P. (Video Interactive Procesor) and MS Excel. I compared not only the data of all children, but I also focused on a comparison between the boys and girls in terms of different gender. Key words: toddler, play interaction, nursery facility, nursery teacher, child development, parental care.
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Ways to support parents of children with developmental difficulties
Štěchová, Dominika ; Morávková Krejčová, Lenka (advisor) ; Draberová, Jana (referee)
This thesis focuses on supporting children with autism spectrum disorder. It covers stress associated with raising a child with autism and methods to deal with it. It also covers internal and extrenal factors which can assist parents deal and cope with having a child with autism. This thesis contends that giving birth to an autistic child can be a trauma, raising the possibility of post-traumatic growth. The second part of the thesis is a research project in the form of action research. The research will focus on creating practices designed to support parent groups, in which elements of art therapy and psychotherapeutic body work will be used. Keywords: Autism Spectrum Disorders, parents of children with ASD, stress, support group
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Individualization of Approach to Learnes with Specific Learning Disabilities and It's Psychological Aspects
Michalová, Zdeňka ; Mertin, Václav (advisor) ; Morávková Krejčová, Lenka (referee)
Zdeňka Michalová Psychologické aspekty individualizace přístupu k žákům se specifickými poruchami učení Individualization of Approach to Learnes with Specific Learning Disabilities and It's Psychological Aspects Annotation This thesis deals with theoretical and practical knowledge and skills of teachers in primary schools for specific learning disabilities. It focuses mainly on mapping the level of teachers' approach to integrated learners with this disorder. It is trying to grasp the extent to which teachers meet the psychological aspects of individual approach to these learners in inclusive environment of a primary school compared with integrated learners with other disabilities. The theoretical part summarises basic information on education, integration and education system in the Czech Republic. It deals with specific learning disabilities and attempts to apply the findings from positive psychology on individual approach to individuals with SLD. The empirical part analyses and compares the quantitative survey of knowledge level of teachers at lower and higher levels of primary schools about SLD. Furthermore, it examines their knowledge of appropriate procedures for working with learners with SLD and ability to apply it in practice to psychologically support of these learners. It partially compares...
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Romantic relationship in adolescence
Beníčková, Tereza ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor) ; Morávková Krejčová, Lenka (referee)
Adolescence is a period in which first romantic relationships are being formed. Those are important for the development of an adolescent in many areas - for example their identity, family relationships and relationships with friends. In the presence of this phenomenon in adolescent population, research shows that a considerable percentage of people has an experience with a romantic relationship as early adolescent individuals and it's occurrence and length increases with aging. Of course differences appear between adolescent individuals, depending on their ethnocultural nationality. As for the development of romantic relationships in adolescence, most theories emphasize the peer group of an individual as a primary environment for their formation. The relationships' quality also changes with increasing age with no more influence from the peer group. In general they direct to greater physical and emotional intimacy between partners who explore care, devotion and future prospect for the couple. An integral part of a romantic relationship between adolescents is sexuality in all its aspects. The options of expressing it, however, depends on the culture the adolescent lives in. In a part of research proposal I present a project which would mostly compare the Czech and Vietnamese adolescent population...
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The applicability of psychological reports within the educational intervention
Vetchá Puškášová, Irena ; Morávková Krejčová, Lenka (advisor) ; Mertin, Václav (referee)
One of the standard roles of educational psychologists is to conduct assessment and communicate the outputs in a form of psychoeducational reports, to suggest a guide for appropriate prevention and intervention work with children and adolescents with a variety of special educational needs to their parents, teachers and other professionals. However, the outcome of the examination is often not presented sufficiently, on an adequate level, to become a useful source of information for further work of educators, for reasonable accommodations and support. The presented diploma thesis aims to contribute on the basis of theoretical background and a presented qualitative research to extend a general theoretical framework on real usability of psychoeducational reports, implemented by school psychologists and the possibilities of optimizing the form and content of these reports. Specifically, the point is to improve the efficacy and usefulness of the report and make it optimally usable for the teacher or educational advisor when designing and implementing an individualized training plan for the pupil with special educational needs in an inclusive school-based setting. The thesis tries to map the usefulness of different kinds of psychological reports. Data collection was conducted via interviews. The target group...
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Video Interaction Guidance and possibilities of its use at primary prevention programms
Jelínková, Hana ; Šírová, Eva (advisor) ; Morávková Krejčová, Lenka (referee)
Video Interaction Guidance (VIG) or Video Home Training (VHT) was introduced to the Czech Republic in 1993. SPIN is a provider of education, training and supervision, a non- governmental organization dedicated to VIG/VHT in Czech Republic. The method was conceived in the Netherlands in the 80's, the country from where it is still spread to the whole world, especially to Europe. The method's theory is broadly based on developmental psychology theories, ethnology, learning theories and theories of communication. Initially, the VHT was used as an intervention method focused on families with children, later it entered the fields of education and other professional help and was known as VIG. This Diploma Thesis brings essential information about the VHT/VIG Method, its theoretical basis and applications. The thesis also deals with the programmes of primary prevention in the Czech Republic and Europe. The theoretical part concludes with a description of field where VHT/VIG can be used in primary prevention programmes. In the qualitative study, we describe case studies of seven lecturers of primary prevention who undertook the method VHT/VIG. The data were acquired in the process of observation (participative observation and video-analysis), via semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. We attempted...
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Characteristics of emerging adulthood in the population of university students and non-student employed young people
Kozderková, Barbora ; Morávková Krejčová, Lenka (advisor) ; Gillernová, Ilona (referee)
This thesis compares certain developmental characteristics and value preferences of emerging adult university students and non-student employed young people at the age between 19-25 years in the Czech republic. According to some authors this life stage seems to be a new developmental period between adolescence and young adulthood. In comparison to the USA there has not been much research done on this topic in the Czech Republic. There are some special characteristics of this phase of life that are described in the theoretical part, and tested on a sample of Czech young people which is showed in the empirical part of this thesis. The differences of how students and non- students experience this time of life are compared. It is assumed that student life style brings different impulses than the life style of employed young people. The aim of this thesis was to test the assumption that university students show the features of emerging adulthood more plentifully than people at the same age who work. According to the results of this study the assumption was confirmed. Another focus of this thesis is the topic of value orientation among this sample of young people. Value orientation is influenced by life style and is formed especially during adolescence and young adulthood. Certain types of value...
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Social climate of school class and school success
Stárková, Eliška ; Gillernová, Ilona (advisor) ; Morávková Krejčová, Lenka (referee)
and key words The submitted dissertation thesis is dealing with the social climate of the classroom and the school success of a pupil. This dissertation thesis is divided into the theoretical and the empiraical part. The teoretical section is focusing on the elaboration of the given theme on the bases of czech and foreign vocational literature. I am focusing on the classroom from the scrutiny of the social psychology. I am analyzing the formation of the classroom's social structure, the methods of its cognition and the most common positions and roles which are most frequently occurring in the classroom. I am introducing the basic findings about the social climate, his formers, determiners and diagnostics. As a last point of this part of my thesis I am dealing with the theme of the school success. I am defining the conception of school ineffectualness, self-classification and academic self-efficacy. In the empirical part I am presenting quantitative research, there were 309 pupils and 17 class masters from the elementary schools in Prague involved. The purpose of my research should have confirm the connection between the social climate of the classroom and the school success of the pupil. Destined for this purpose was the use of 2 questionnaire methods - the questionnaire B-3 and the questionnaire...
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Dynamic testing of cognitive abilities of children and adolescents
Rybářová, Karolína ; Morávková Krejčová, Lenka (advisor) ; Šírová, Eva (referee)
The thesis presents a dynamic approach to the assessment in school psychology and the current practice of its application with an emphasis on the context of the Czech environment. Characteristics of dynamic assessment, theoretical background and a comparison with traditional assessment are defined. The largest part is devoted to the use of dynamic assessment in practice. Various methods of dynamic assessment and their possible uses and applications are described. The text also discusses the role of teacher in the process of dynamic assessment, its meaning in the context of inclusive education and monitors the situation in the Czech environment. The research project focuses on comparing outputs of traditional and dynamic tests and their effect on teacher's work with a student. Keywords dynamic approach, educational psychology, assessment of children and adolescents, assessment methods, teacher, inclusion, comparing traditional and dynamic assessment
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