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Gender dysphoria in persons with autism spectrum disorder
Lukina, Julie ; Šporclová, Veronika (advisor) ; Čáp, David (referee)
The master thesis copes with gender dysphoria (GD) in persons with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The quantitative research was chosen to study this topic. The main goal was to determine whether people with mild ASD have a higher prevalence of GD or higher rate of GD compared to the general neurotypical population (NT). The main methods used in this research were: Autism Quotient Questionnaire (AQ-10) and the Gender Identity/Gender Dysphoria Questionnaire in Adolescents and Adults (GIDYQ-AA), which made it possible to determine the degree of GD and the potential co-occurrence of a diagnosis of gender incongruence (GI; according to ICD-11). In the research there were 196 subjects with the age ranging from 16 to 74 years. The ASD group was compromised 90 persons and in the NT group there were 106 people. While in the NT group no one admitted transgender identity, in the ASD group 2.2 % of subjects informed about transgender identity and 14.4 % of the autistic group were not sure about it. Based on the GIDYQ-AA results, 4.4 % of people with ASD had a low score indicating a possible presence of a diagnosis of GD (GI). Furthermore, the research found that women with autism had significantly higher rate of GD than both women in the NT group and men with ASD. Overall, subjects with ASD achieved...
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Possible Use of Dynamic and Static Assessment in Children witch Attachmet Disorder
Slabá, Andrea ; Morávková Krejčová, Lenka (advisor) ; Šporclová, Veronika (referee)
This diploma thesis aims to compare the results in the field of cognitive functions obtained by static and dynamic assessment of children with attachment disorder at preschool age. The ACFS-cz assessment battery was used for the dynamic assessment, specifically four subtests: Categorisation, Short-term auditory memory (Story Retelling), Short-term visual memory, Sequential Pattern Completion. The method of static assessment was Woodcock- Johnson IV COG, specifically four subtests: Visualization, Verbal Attention, Picture Recognition, Analysis-Synthesis. The research sample consisted of 16 preschool children (3 to 6 respectively 8 years) placed in institutional care. The results showed that there were no differences between the of the ACFS-cz pretest scores and the Woodcock-Johnson IV COG scores. While the comparison of the results of the ACFS-cz posttest with Woodcock- Johnson IV COG showed significant differences in the three examined areas (Categorisation, Short-term auditory memory, Short-term visual memory). The outcomes of the dynamic assessment lead to suitable interventions for the cognitive development of children in institutional care. Keywords ACFS, Woodcock-Johnson IV COG, cognitive functions, attachment disorder, preschool age.
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Eating behaviour of children with autism spectrum disorder
Hrdličková, Kristýna ; Niederlová, Markéta (advisor) ; Šporclová, Veronika (referee)
In its theoretical part, the thesis covers the elucidation of food intake's regulation mechanisms, family's influence over the children's eating habits, eating habits of children aged 2 to 6 years, and specifics of eating behavior of children with autism spectrum disorder. The methodology and results of the executed research are introduced next. The parents of children with ASD (N = 34) and typically developing childen (N = 24) at the ages of 2 to 6 filled out a set of questionnaires. The groups of children differed in fondness for the "fruit" food category (less popular with children with ASD, M = 3.58, SD = 0.9, Mdn = 3.86 vs. M = 4.05, SD = 0.61, Mdn = 4.17, Mann Whitney U = 236, p = 0.046); in the amount of food never tasted (more prominent among children with ASD, M = 15.2, SD = 11.7, Mdn = 10.5 vs. M = 5.6, SD = 6.4, Mdn = 4.0, U = 134, p < 0.001); and in the frequency of emotional over-eating (more frequent in children with ASD, M = 1.84, SD = 0.846, Mdn = 1.75 vs. M = 1.38, SD = 0.466, Mdn = 1.25). The parents of children suffering from ASD gave their children food more often when these were experiencing strong emotions (M = 2.12, SD = 0.646, Mdn = 2 vs. M = 1.35, SD = 0.550, Mdn = 1). Keywords eating, autism spectrum disorder, pre-school age
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Cognitive profile of children with autism spectrum disorder in early school age
Krejčová, Adéla ; Šporclová, Veronika (advisor) ; Morávková Krejčová, Lenka (referee)
Autism spectrum disorders has been a serious and widely discussed social topic in terms of severity and increasing frequency during the last few years. Psychodiagnostics process itself is often very demanding, and the measurement of the child's cognitive abilities is also a part of the comprehensive examination. Therefore, the results may make an enormous contribution to psychological diagnosis, clinical practice and education. The aim of the master thesis and the further research is to obtain information about the cognitive profile of children with autism spectrum disorder in comparison with neurotypical children, namely in the age range of six to twelve years. Firstly, the testing was carried out in the research group of 80 respondents, respectively with 40 respondents in the research group and 40 respondents in the control group. Secondly, each participant underwent testing using the Wechsler Intelligence Battery (WISC- III). Thirdly, the group of children with PAS underwent the neuropsychological battery, the A Developmental Neuropsychological Assessment (NEPSY-II) subtest. A statistically significant difference in overall IQ, verbal IQ, and performance IQ was found between the PAS group and the control group. In addition, a significant difference between the groups was also found in all...
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Psychological Factors of Dying of a Close Person in Young Adults
Pikola, Michal ; Boukalová, Hedvika (advisor) ; Šporclová, Veronika (referee)
Almost everybody at some point in life experiences the event of a dying of a close person. It presents the perspective of the end of existence, which is often difficult to relate to. That is understandable, because a living person typically doesn't want to imagine their own death - nonetheless, it seems to be important to be able to accept death and dying as a closing period of life. Theoretical section of the thesis characterizes phenomena of death and dying and their psychological context, as well as e.g. mourning. Next, palliative care is described as a field, which sees death and dying or care for the dying and their close persons respectively as its main area of focus. Lastly, the theoretical section analyzes wellbeing and coping strategies in relation to death and dying as extraordinary situations, in which all sorts of effects and processes occur that influence these psychological characteristics. Empirical section focuses on connecting wellbeing and coping strategies to the process of dying of a close person in young adults. Members of this age group usually already have several distinct experiences with dying and death of a close person, them being relatives or other close persons. Results of the study showed a wide scale of used coping strategies, as well as the fact that circumstances...
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Compensatory mechanisms in individuals with lighter forms of autistic spectre disorder in relation to gender characteristics
Semrád, Martin ; Šporclová, Veronika (advisor) ; Šírová, Eva (referee)
This thesis is concerned with compensatory mechanisms used by people with a lighter form of autism spectrum disorder (shortly ASD) in social situations. In terms of ASD, compensatory mechanisms are labeled as camouflage, because they hide symptoms of autism. Camouflage can, according to research results, complicate the diagnostic process and lead to ASD not being recognized, especially in women. The theoretical part of this thesis deals with the description of today's understanding of ASD. It shows information about the diagnostic process and the symptomatics od ASD. It also describes the differences in the severity of ASD and the different symptoms of autism in men and women. The last chapter is concerned with the issue of compensatory mechanisms and camouglage in people with ASD. The empirical part of this thesis includes a quantitative research that explored the level of camouflage in 170 respondents using a translated version of CAT-Q (Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire), that was distributed online. The results show a higher level of camouflage in people with a mild form of ASD, compared to people without ASD. The research also shows that the level of camouflage in people with ASD is higher in female respondents than in male respondents. The research found a positive correlation...
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Video Home Training and its Possibilities in System of Families with Children with ASD
Bendová, Hana ; Šporclová, Veronika (referee)
The thesis concerns the topic of the video home training method in families with children with autism spectrum disorders. The aim of the thesis is to summarize fundamental knowledge and new findings from the component crucial areas and on their base describe in detail this method of work with chosen target group. The thesis is divide in the classic way into theoretical and empirical part. The theoretical part of the thesis present the video home training method. It describes basic facts related to autism spectrum disorders, especially on their typical manifestation in the toddler period. In also engage in system of families with children with autism spectrum disorders and its individual members. The options for the currently available services for these families are describe as well as current information on the use of the video home training method in the systems of the mentioned families. The empirical part of the thesis present a study based on the four case studies. It approaches the use of the video home training method in the system of the families with children with autism spectrum disorders. It pay attention to his effect in the child with this disorder. It also study how the work affects other family members and their mutual relationships.
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Interaction parent-child with autistic spectrum disorders
Župová, Veronika ; Šporclová, Veronika (advisor) ; Mertin, Václav (referee)
The topic of this diploma thesis is Interaction between parent and child with autistic spectrum disorder. The theoretical part is about mental development neurotypical preschool child and child with ASD, focused on social skills, speech and play. Emphasis is placed on reciprocity in parent-child socio-communication interaction. Next chapter is devoted to the specifics of raising a child with ASD. Empirical part contains qualitative research to investigate individual variability in social-communication behaviour in dyadic interaction parent-child with ASD. Videos were taken from which the socio-reciprocal skills, frequency and quality of interactions and initiation of contact on the part of the child and its response to parental initiation were analysed. Special attention was paid to making eye contact. The output of the thesis is practical recommendations for mothers, detailed qualitative analyses of observed interactions and a more detailed description of the socio-communicative behaviour of children with PAS. Keywords: interaction parent-child with ASD, social skills, social reciprocity, reciprocity in social communication, reciprocal-social behavior, play of preschool child, preschool child with ASD
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Self - Concept in Children with ADHD
Švingerová, Adéla ; Šporclová, Veronika (advisor) ; Šnoblová, Vladěna (referee)
The intended aim is to summarize scientific observations of the development of children with ADHD, as well as zooming in on their issues and subsequent changes in their self-concept. The first chapter clarifies and categorizies the terminology surrounding ADHD; it also outlines the diagnostic criteria. The second chapter explores development differences in children with ADHD (in comparison to children without the disorder). I supplement the characteristics of optimal development with studies addressing the issues of ADHD and the development of children who have been diagnosed. The third and crucial chapter offers findings in studies focusing on the self-concept of preschool/elementary school age children, who have been diagnosed with ADHD. I deal with the issue of change in their self-concept in contrast with societal standards, as well as reasons for this transformation. The proposal of my research project decribes a questionnaire on the topic of children's self-concept (comparing ADHD diagnosed children with non-diagnosed ones). I work on the presumption that their self-concept differs and I take interest in the connection to the educational style. The main goal of the research project is uncovering the differences in self-concept between ADHD diagnosed children and their non-diagnosed peers.
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Treatment and therapy of depressive disorders in children and adolescents
Slezáková, Karolína ; Šporclová, Veronika (advisor) ; Loneková, Katarína (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the issue of depression in children and adolescents. The literature overview section deals with the definition of basic concepts followed by a chapter focused on etiology, prevalence, symptoms and prognosis of depression in children and adolescents. There are also comorbid diagnoses associated with depressive disorder and diagnostics of depressive disorders mentioned in the thesis. The core of the bachelor thesis is the chapter dealing with psychotherapeutic and pharmacotherapeutic options of treatment and therapy of depressive disorders in children and adolescents. The bachelor thesis also includes a draft of a research project focused on the design of a qualitative type of research. This research project deals with an attitude of parents towards psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy in terms of treatment and therapy of their child with depressive symptoms. Keywords: Depression, treatment, therapy, children, adolescents
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