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Influence of culture on the conception of mental illness.
Janíková, Martina ; Hnilica, Karel (advisor) ; Zoufalá, Marcela (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to describe sociocultural aspects of mental illness. The thesis concerns with sociocultural influences on formation and conceptualization of illness explanatory models that shape unstructured fyziological phenomenon into structured experience. Specific cultural content of biological categories is the foundation of health care systems, lay conceptions and prejudices and determines social status of the mentally ill. Also attitudes of society towards its deviant members reflect her essential characteristics. Therefore, this thesis outlines historical and cross-cultural transformations of mental illness within the broad social context. Describes health care system as a specific layer of social and symbolic reality and points out the influence of dominant psychiatric discourse on the conception of illness. Attention was also paied to media selective portrayals of mental illness that were proved to strenghten negative stereotypes. Mental illnesses, how was shown, differs cross-culturally. Though basic psychiatric syndromes occur in every society, culture promotes and shapes particular symptoms, so that progress and prognosis can be very different. We can, therefore, conclude that every illness is in a way culture-related.
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Israeli National Identity in the songs of Naomi Shemer
Kuželová, Mariana ; Sládek, Pavel (advisor) ; Menachem Zoufalá, Marcela (referee)
This thesis aims at describing motives of Israeli national identity, as shown in lyrics of Israeli lyricist and composer No'omi Shemer (1930-2004) in her songs written until 1967. The first chapter presents history of Hebrew ideological songs from the end of 19th century to 1960's. The second chapter examines biographical events and political events of No'omi Shemer that are relevant for understanding of her writings. Next, methods and analyses of Shemer's lyrics by Michael Gadish, which to certain extent influenced this thesis, are explained. In this chapter, the relationship between No'omi Shemer's writings and Israeli national identity of her time is also shown. The last chapter focuses on the most prevalent motives of Shemer's lyrics, namely, the Biblical motives, the motive of a soldier and the motive of building. Each motive is presented in a subchapter, which demonstrates how Shemer dealt with them. The thesis contains visual attachments as evidence of the said motives being relevant to Israeli culture of Shemer's time. In the conclusion, the thesis seeks to examine reasons for the said motives being prominent in Israeli culture and national identity of the period.
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Muslims in the Czech Republic: study of the integration process of the Arab minority in Czech environment
Vopelková, Veronika ; Uherek, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Zoufalá, Marcela (referee)
The aim of this work is to acquaint and understand the life of Arab Muslims in the Czech Republic. It also examines the rate of integration of Arab Muslims in various areas of life. For this purpose, a qualitative research was conducted in the form of 23 interviews with Arab Muslims, which concerned their reasons to stay in the Czech Republic, their socioeconomic situation, cultural determination, religious life and identity. In the concept of four dimensions of social integration, the author bases her information on the works of Wolfgang Bosswick and Friedrich Heckmann. First, basic terms necessary for understanding the issue are defined in the theoretical part. The second part represents the historical and legal context constituting conditions in the life of immigrants in the Czech Republic. The third part is fully devoted to qualitative synchronous research. Testimonies of Arabs are divided according to their planned length of stay in the Czech Republic and by individual dimensions of social integration, where the hypothesis is a direct proportionality between the intention to be in the Czech Republic for the rest of their lives and the level of integration into the Czech environment. An additional research dealing with the question of the activities of mosques and their roles in the life of...
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Unequal Friends: Jews in the Nation-State of Czechs and Slovaks, 1945-1948
Sedlická, Magdalena ; Michela, Miroslav (advisor) ; Menachem Zoufalá, Marcela (referee) ; Kocian, Jiří (referee)
The topic of the dissertation is the integration of Jewish citizens into the majority population between the years 1945-1948. It focuses primarily on three Jewish population groups in the Czech lands whose reintegration was fraught with difficulties. The groups in question were "German Jews", people who declared Jewish nationality, and Jewish optants from the former territory of Carpathian Ruthenia who decided to settle in Czechoslovakia after World War II. Their legal standing was unclear, in particular in the immediate post-war years. The most important issue for them was acquiring Czechoslovak citizenship, something that could help them become full-fledged citizens, and so had a significant impact on the future of these individuals. For this reason, the submitted work focuses on the bureaucratic actions that influenced the everyday lives of Jewish citizens. Many lower-level government clerks were unsure about how to proceed with the Jews' citizenship applications. The important criteria that often decided the outcome of the applications became the 1930 census, but especially the applicants' stated nationality or mother tongue. Furthermore, the dissertation focuses on the problems that the Jews faced when they were denied citizenship. For "German Jews", this meant being forcefully deported, while...
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Israeli National Identity in the songs of Naomi Shemer
Kuželová, Mariana ; Sládek, Pavel (advisor) ; Menachem Zoufalá, Marcela (referee)
This thesis aims at describing motives of Israeli national identity, as shown in lyrics of Israeli lyricist and composer No'omi Shemer (1930-2004) in her songs written until 1967. The first chapter presents history of Hebrew ideological songs from the end of 19th century to 1960's. The second chapter examines biographical events and political events of No'omi Shemer that are relevant for understanding of her writings. Next, methods and analyses of Shemer's lyrics by Michael Gadish, which to certain extent influenced this thesis, are explained. In this chapter, the relationship between No'omi Shemer's writings and Israeli national identity of her time is also shown. The last chapter focuses on the most prevalent motives of Shemer's lyrics, namely, the Biblical motives, the motive of a soldier and the motive of building. Each motive is presented in a subchapter, which demonstrates how Shemer dealt with them. The thesis contains visual attachments as evidence of the said motives being relevant to Israeli culture of Shemer's time. In the conclusion, the thesis seeks to examine reasons for the said motives being prominent in Israeli culture and national identity of the period.
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Influence of culture on the conception of mental illness.
Janíková, Martina ; Hnilica, Karel (advisor) ; Zoufalá, Marcela (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to describe sociocultural aspects of mental illness. The thesis concerns with sociocultural influences on formation and conceptualization of illness explanatory models that shape unstructured fyziological phenomenon into structured experience. Specific cultural content of biological categories is the foundation of health care systems, lay conceptions and prejudices and determines social status of the mentally ill. Also attitudes of society towards its deviant members reflect her essential characteristics. Therefore, this thesis outlines historical and cross-cultural transformations of mental illness within the broad social context. Describes health care system as a specific layer of social and symbolic reality and points out the influence of dominant psychiatric discourse on the conception of illness. Attention was also paied to media selective portrayals of mental illness that were proved to strenghten negative stereotypes. Mental illnesses, how was shown, differs cross-culturally. Though basic psychiatric syndromes occur in every society, culture promotes and shapes particular symptoms, so that progress and prognosis can be very different. We can, therefore, conclude that every illness is in a way culture-related.
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Probe into religious Life in the Czech Republic (The Kladno town example)
Lapková, Eliška ; Czumalo, Vladimír (advisor) ; Zoufalá, Marcela (referee)
Probe into religious life in the Czech Republic would certainly be beneficial for the Czech sociology and religious studies, her research and treatment would not necessarily have to be based on several years of research activity. Due to the type of work I have therefore decided to focus on selected Czech city whose religious life might yield representative results. The task was daunting. The main stumbling block appeared to be time-consuming and the amount of data required for processing. The entire probe is based on socio-anthropological empirical research to not even bring religionistic theological knowledge, although it is clear that their job does not shirk. In culturologistic context is the focus of interest in the work of churches and religious associations as a subculture, their inner and outer life, forms of communication with the urban community and defining against her and against other religious groups. In this context attention is paid to the question of how different religious groups perceived their predominantly atheistic environment. Processed results should bring both the synthetic evaluation of the religious life of the city selected as the more general conclusions about the importance and possibilities of life in contemporary Czech society and last but not least, the conclusions...
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Exodus of Jews from Poland to Israel in the years 1968-1969 and their subsequent fates
Kroupová, Kateřina ; Kaleta, Petr (advisor) ; Zoufalá, Marcela (referee)
The bachelor thesis "Exodus of Jews from Poland to Israel in the years 1968-1969 and their subsequent fates" deals with one of the most important wave of emigration in the modern Polish history. Anti-Semitism is introduced in the first chapter and it is followed by the decription of historical development of Jewish population on the Polish territory. Then there is the description of reasons and consequences of the Six-Day War and its impact on the political development in Poland in the year 1967, subsequent anti-Semitic campaign and emigration. The Polish March events of 1968 are analyzed as the main factor of Jewish emigration. The most important part that was obtained by questionnaire method analyzes and compares attitudes of emigrants towards this issue.
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Muslims in the Czech Republic: study of the integration process of the Arab minority in Czech environment
Vopelková, Veronika ; Uherek, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Zoufalá, Marcela (referee)
The aim of this work is to acquaint and understand the life of Arab Muslims in the Czech Republic. It also examines the rate of integration of Arab Muslims in various areas of life. For this purpose, a qualitative research was conducted in the form of 23 interviews with Arab Muslims, which concerned their reasons to stay in the Czech Republic, their socioeconomic situation, cultural determination, religious life and identity. In the concept of four dimensions of social integration, the author bases her information on the works of Wolfgang Bosswick and Friedrich Heckmann. First, basic terms necessary for understanding the issue are defined in the theoretical part. The second part represents the historical and legal context constituting conditions in the life of immigrants in the Czech Republic. The third part is fully devoted to qualitative synchronous research. Testimonies of Arabs are divided according to their planned length of stay in the Czech Republic and by individual dimensions of social integration, where the hypothesis is a direct proportionality between the intention to be in the Czech Republic for the rest of their lives and the level of integration into the Czech environment. An additional research dealing with the question of the activities of mosques and their roles in the life of...
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The influence of the Catholic church on the status of women in contemporary Czech and Italian society
Zoufalá, Marcela ; Soukup, Václav (advisor) ; Matějů, Martin (referee)
The object of the work is an empirical-theoretical analysis of the relation between institutionalized religious faith and the female role in the given context.There are several fundamental topics we have focused on in this comparative research: divorce, contraception, interruption, AIDS and preservative, assisted reproduction, the potential promotion of women in the hierarchy of the Catholic Church and duty of celibacy. The project is composed of two relatively independent parts. The concept of the first part forms a theoretical base, which should map the historical changes of the family institution, the phenomenon of gender as a cultural construct and the role of the Catholic Church as a significant sociocultural imperative. Second, the empirical part of the project requires survey-based research among Czech and Italian women. So far the questionnaire has been distributed in Italy (March - May 2005; the number of collected questionnaires from Italian respondents is 411) and in the Czech Republic (May - July 2006; the number of collected questionnaires from Czech respondents is 411). The next country where the research will be worked out is Slovakia (in the year 2007/2008).
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