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Issues in British-American relations: the Falklands War
Podolková, Klára ; Hornát, Jan (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee)
Diploma thesis Issues in British-American relations: the Falklands War deals with the special relationship between Great Britain and the United States and analyses in particular relations between their leading political figures - American president Ronald Raegan and British prime minister Margaret Thatcher. The aim of the thesis is to find out whether the special relationship played any role during the Falkland Islands War in 1982. The theoretical part is focused on the search for a definition of the term special relationship. I found different definitions of special relationship, but no universal one exists. The thesis operates with the definition of John Dumbrell, who says that the special relationship existed, specifically during the Cold War. The analytical part examines British-American cooperation during the above-mentioned conflict and the role of the United States as a mediator. The diploma thesis concludes that the special relationship played a role in the Falkland Islands War. It was reflected in the two countries' military, satellite, and intelligence cooperation. Even the personal relationship between Reagan and Thatcher confirmed the existence of a special relationship. The role of the US as a mediator was criticized as it proved to be non-neutral. Also, it was concluded that the...
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Self-interested individuals and social order in liberal thought
Kawada, Naoki ; Hornát, Jan (advisor) ; Franěk, Jakub (referee)
in English : Liberalism is one of the most prevailing political thoughts in modern society. It is often mentioned in connection with other social systems such as democracy and market economy. But what exactly are the main characteristics of liberalism? How has liberal thought developed in modern society? The main concern in this thesis is to describe the characters of modern liberal thought from the perspective of social contract theory and of some liberal thinkers who emphasize the self-interested (or rational) individuals. Social contract theory is the hypothetical equipment for thinking about individuality (basic feature of modernity) and social order. The purpose of the first part of the thesis is to describe how self-interested individuals agree with the establishment of a sovereign. At another part, by mentioning some liberal thinkers, I will discuss the possible spectrum of the rules of government in liberal thought. The spectrum could be explained as the result of different assumption of self-interested individuals and of legitimacy in society. In the whole thesis, I will focus on two elements in society: particularity and generality. Particularity means particular interests (self-interested behavior) of individuals and generality means general interests (publicness). In comparison of...
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A Deterrence Strategy: The Case of Israel
Syruček, Václav ; Kalhousová, Irena (advisor) ; Hornát, Jan (referee)
This bachelor's thesis deals with the State of Israel and its deterrence strategy by measuring the question of how the deterrence strategy of the State of Israel changed between 1967 and 2014. The theoretical part of the thesis first presents the concept of grand strategy. The following chapter presents the strategy of deterrence in more detail, possible approaches to creating deterrence, and the general goals of actors in trying to deter other state and non-state actors from their behaviour. The practical part of the work presents the development of Israel's approach to deterrence in individual historical periods, focusing on the period between years 1967 and 2014. For context, shorter chapters also cover the period between the War of Independence and Israel's security outlook after 2014. The examples show that Israeli deterrence has shifted from disproportionate retaliation to greater restraint.
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The role of conspiracy theories in American political culture. A case study of QAnon
Klofáč, Jan ; Hornát, Jan (advisor) ; Pondělíček, Jiří (referee)
Conspiracy theories can no longer be considered a fringe matter affecting only a few individuals. Their power has been greatly amplified by the development of information technology, allowing unknown individuals to reach the masses of people on an unprecedented scale. Conspiracy theories are not a new phenomenon, and American society has been influenced by conspiracy theories from the very beginning. Fear of conspiracies and conspiratorial thinking have played a significant role in American history. According to the conventional wisdom of conspiracy theorists, there has been a constant infiltration of enemies into key institutions of American society, which is predisposed to trust conspiracy theories because of its traditional values. Conspiracy theories are a tool of political propaganda, and QAnon has functioned the same way in American society. Thanks to the Internet and social media, which have contributed significantly to the distortion of shared reality, QAnon has managed to influence American society and become an influential conspiracy theory that has reached the highest levels of the American political scene. This bachelor thesis addresses the ques- tion of what specific qualities have helped QAnon become a mainstream conspiracy theory and how the tendency of American society to believe...
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The influence of training program structures on police brutality in the USA
Janovec, Adam ; Hornát, Jan (advisor) ; Sehnálková, Jana (referee)
The thesis named The influence of training program structures on police brutality in the USA, presents a content analysis of the textual training manuals that accompany both cadets and their instructors throughout the duration of training. The manuals represent the backbone of all training programs, encoding not only operational procedures, but also the ethical standards and moral values that police officers should adhere to in the performance of their duties. How these values are presented is a determining element in shaping an officer's perception of the police mission as well as his or her approach to the use of physical force as a tool for law enforcement. A neglectful interpretation of physical intervention in a crackdown on civilians has far-reaching implications for officers who, as a result, may resort to abuses of police authority and the perpetration of police violence. The main objective of this thesis is to demonstrate that there is a correlation between the content of training manuals designed for cadets in police academies and the rate of occurrence of police violence. The thesis devotes considerable space to the identification of the key factors behind the emergence of police violence, through the unification of current theoretical research on this issue. However, most space is...
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EU democracy promotion in contemporary sub- Saharan Africa: the case study of South Sudan
Husák, Jim ; Hornát, Jan (advisor) ; Weiss, Tomáš (referee)
Democracy promotion aims to force or encourage a foreign state to become more democratic. This includes direct democracy assistance, or direct financial aid or training to the electoral arena, government and civil society, but also rhetorical commitments, political gestures, information dissemination, sanctions, conditionality and through "soft power" - cultural ties and their significance in promoting European values. The Diploma Thesis EU democracy promotion in contemporary sub-Saharan Africa: the case study of South Sudan examines these strategies as they were used by EU actors in democracy promotion in South Sudan. South Sudan is the youngest country in the world, and the EU, both in terms of EU institutions and member states has aided the country in its uneasy development to become a democratic state. How EU actors attempted to accomplish this, and how have these strategies changed between 2011 and 2020 is the focus of the research. The thesis comes to the conclusion, that the EU used a top- down approach, engaging more with government and other state institutions than with civil society. It also focused on developing good governance and rule of law, together with enhancing socio-economic sectors. The EU also promoted democracy in South Sudan through regional organisations, the IGAD, and the...
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The Trump Administration and Its Impact on Czech Foreign Policy
Bastlová, Renée ; Hornát, Jan (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee)
This thesis examines the impact of the Trump Administration on Czech foreign policy. The aim is to analyze the changes that have occurred and explain what they have meant for the Czech Republic. The thesis uses the method of foreign policy analysis to achieve its goals. In his campaign, President Trump criticized multilateralism and what he saw as an unfavorable position of the USA in transatlantic relations. He withdrew from a number of multilateral organizations and imposed tariffs on European imports to the US by which he limited free trade. Among other things, President Trump used an aggressive style when calling on NATO member countries to honor their pledge to contribute two percent of GDP to the common defense. Trump's approach to the transatlantic relationship posed a challenge, as his actions contradicted the main goals of Czech foreign policy, which are security, prosperity, and sustainable development. The relationship between the two countries is asymmetric, and the Czech Republic must adapt to changes in US foreign policy. On the other hand, due to the growing influence of China and Russia, the US has increased its presence in Central and Eastern Europe. This attention resulted in the Czech Republic's leadership in the 5G talks. At the same time, space has opened up for the creation of...
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(Dis)continuity of German-US relations in the era of Donald Trump
Polák, Patrik ; Handl, Vladimír (advisor) ; Hornát, Jan (referee)
The bachelor thesis focuses on German-American relations during the era of Donald Trump, i.e., during the campaign for the 2016 US presidential election and especially during the 45th US president's term in office. It addresses the question of how the relations in particular political sectors were changed, taking into account the history of the issues. The thesis is an empirical analysis. It aims to confirm or refute the hypothesis that states continued in their military cooperation, despite the political break-up. Furthermore, it aims to prove that bad political relations had little to no effect on cooperation between the militaries of the countries. Deteriorating relations between the US and Germany were not an exception in the Euro-Atlantic region. There was a deterioration in the relations between most Western European states and the US. However, it was not as serious as in the case of the US and Germany. The relationship between Germany and the US has probably experienced the biggest rift since the beginning of modern relations between the states, i.e., since 1949. The political rift was mutual, as Germany was one of Trump's main targets of criticism. In addition to that, the German political scene, except for AfD, did not entirely identify with Donald Trump's policies. On the other hand, the...
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