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Changes in diet and physical activity during the COVID age
Lorencová, Marie ; Sládková, Petra (advisor) ; Svěcená, Kateřina (referee)
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the daily routine of everyone in the Czech Republic, even school-age children, whose daily rhythm has been completely changed due to school closures. Children were left without regular exercise at school and in after-school clubs, they were eating irregularly and with a different food composition, and their sleeping patterns shifted. Many children returned to school fat and physically unfit after the government measures ended. For fat children, this change could have a negative impact on their health. The aim of this study was to obtain information on changes in eating and exercise habits of school-aged children before, during and after the lockdown. The information obtained from each period was compared and evaluated. Another aim was to determine whether the observed group of children had gained weight or not due to the changed daily routine during the covid restrictions, and for those who had gained weight, selected values from blood tests taken by a paediatric and adolescent general practitioner were monitored to see whether the values had moved outside the reference limits. By processing the questionnaire responses, I expect to confirm the three suppositions that children worsened their eating habits during the lockdown in both composition and frequency of...
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Knowledge of addictology in students of general medicine of 1st Faculty of Medicine Charles University
Jenčíková, Anna ; Volfová, Anna (advisor) ; Svěcená, Kateřina (referee)
Background: The study of general medicine aims to equip a future medical practitioner with the knowledge and experience they will need in their future practice. The physician should master the methods of Orientational diagnostics and Brief intervention in the field of substance abuse and addiction. A marginal part of the time is donated to this topic as part of undergraduate studies. Aim: The purpose of this study is to find out the level of certainty of the students of the 1st Faculty of Medicine in their knowledge regarding Orientational diagnostics, Brief intervention and to find out the student's attitude toward addictology. The partial goal is to find out what the students need to gain confidence in providing care to addiction patients. Methods: The research was conducted using an anonymous survey. The survey was shared on the social network Facebook in six individual private groups of medical students. The resulting data were statistically processed using Microsoft Office Excel and Microsoft Word. Results: 50,6 % of the students think that they can understand the term Orientational diagnostics. 17,8 % think that they cannot understand this term. 44 % of the students think that they can understand the term Brief intervention and 29,7 % think that they cannot understand it. 39,8 % of all...
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Addiction to digital potrnography and its impact on quality of life
Škvareniaková, Veronika ; Vacek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Svěcená, Kateřina (referee)
This work describes the impact of pornography on an individual's life, behavior, relationships and other aspects of life. Due to the relatively inconsistent definition of addiction to pornography and the impossibility of classifying it among other types of addiction, I worked with concepts such as hypersexuality and problematic watching of pornography. For my work, I chose quantitative research, done on survio.com. There were one hundred respondents through self-selection. The data obtained from the questionnaire were further analyzed in MS Excel and IBM SPSS. My goal was to find out whether men or women watch pornography more often. Whether there is a possible link between the problematic viewing of pornography and its impact on partner life. Do older people watch pornography less than younger people? Or are individuals who watch pornography more dissatisfied with their sexual partner life than individuals who do not watch it at all? The vast majority of the research sample (68%) of respondents monitored pornographic content at least once in the last month, with the frequency of monitoring 1-2 days a week prevailing among the respondents. Almost half of the respondents (46%) expressed a negative effect of watching pornography for their partner's life. The evaluation of the sexual life of the...
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Analysis of "The Mobile Infirmary" operated by Outreach Program Drop In, o.p.s.
Nguyenová, Lan Anh ; Matoušek, Petr (advisor) ; Svěcená, Kateřina (referee)
A Mobile Infirmary (from the Czech term "Mobilní ošetřovna") is a vehicle with an interior space, which in outreach work conditions provides an environment with hygienic standards suited for interventions such as individual counseling, medical treatment or testing for infectious diseases. It represents a relatively unique extension of addictology harm reduction services in the Czech Republic, which has not yet been described in local scientific literature. This thesis aims to describe the characteristics of outreach work done by the Mobile Infirmary, on the basis of a case study of the Outreach Program Drop In, o.p.s., with emphasis on its comparison with regular outreach work. The research questions concern the starting points for Mobile Infirmary's operation, its actual workflow and the ways in which it differs from that of regular outreach work, and what new professional requirements it presents. The research sample of this qualitative case study consisted of nine outreach workers, chosen by deliberate sampling. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect the data. This data, together with documents related to the operation of the Infirmary, were analyzed through the clustering method. The findings show that the starting points of the service stem from the reality of the target group's...
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The impact of menthol cigarette ban on the of tobacco use among university students: a questionnaire-based research
Vostřelová, Zuzana ; Kulhánek, Adam (advisor) ; Svěcená, Kateřina (referee)
Background: In May 2016 a ban on cigarette flavorings was introduced among member states of the EU in order to reduce appeal of smoking especially among youth and young adults. Since May 2020, the restriction has been extended to menthol flavored cigarettes. Until then, menthol was one of the most used tobacco flavors. Aims: The main objective of this work is to map and describe patterns of use of tobacco and nicotine products among university students after the ban implementation. The secondary aim is to describe how the product is perceived as well as the attitudes towards the flavoring regulation. Methods: The data was collected through on-line questionnaire survey in the Survio.com platform. The survey was distributed via social media channels including Facebook, Instagram and Discord. The study sample consists of 577 respondents, 307 of which had an experience using menthol cigarettes in their lifetime. The obtained data was imported into MS Excel where it was processed and analyzed using descriptive statistics tools. Results: The results of the study imply that the average consumption of tobacco products is not affected by the ban among 56 % respondents. 12,4 % respondents reported a decline in tobacco usage and 15,0 % reported cessation. As a reaction to the ban implementation nearly one...
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Stigma of Russian-speaking injection drug users, that live in Czech Republic
Pavarych, Iryna ; Matoušek, Petr (advisor) ; Svěcená, Kateřina (referee)
The aim of the bachelor thesis was to map the barriers to Russian-speaking injecting drug users (IDU) living in the Czech Republic in entering the addictology services from the perspective of the users themselves. Moreover, to find out whether there is internalized stigma towards drug use in the mentioned population as a consequence of the structural and social stigma present in the post-soviet countries. The work also focuses on other subjective barriers on the part of Russian-speaking IDU in accepting and searching for addictology services in the Czech Republic. A partial goal of the work was to deepen knowledge about the cultural specifics of diasporas. The data were obtained using qualitative research where a semi-structured interview was conducted as a tool. The research group, which was selected by purposeful selection, consists of 8 respondents. This set is made by respondents from Georgia, Ukraine, Belarus and Latvia. The research revealed that the main barrier to the use of addictology services in the Czech Republic from the perspective of respondents was the lack of information which is mainly due to the language barrier and the reluctance of respondents to seek professional help in the Czech Republic as such. Internalized stigma due to social stigma has become the main reason for the...
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Needs of clients of outpatient post-release addiction treatment services from the perspective of providers
Režná, Adéla ; Fidesová, Hana (advisor) ; Svěcená, Kateřina (referee)
Background: With the development of addiction treatment services in prisons, the issue of post-penitentiary care also arises, which seeks the social reintegration of an individual leaving prison. In many cases, it is difficult for these clients to be successful in everyday life. Society is not able to respond effectively to the complex needs of these people; clients often fail due to unmet needs, they return to substance abuse and crime. In this context, it is necessary to pay more attention to the needs of clients after leaving prison. Aims: The aim of the work was to describe the needs of clients who use post-release addiction treatment services, from the perspective of providers of these services. The work tries to draw attention to the issue of reintegration of persons returning from prison in the context of addiction treatment. The following research questions were defined: What are the needs of clients after leaving prison? To what extent do the provided services meet the needs of clients? What factors limit the possibilities of meeting the needs of clients after leaving prison? Methods: The research sample consisted of 6 representatives of outpatient post-release addiction treatment services. Service managers or employees with long-term experience with this target group were purposely...
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An Assessment of the Pilot Implementation of the Smoke-free Detoxification Unit at the Department of Addictology: a qualitative study
Benešová Štědrá, Kateřina ; Kulhánek, Adam (advisor) ; Svěcená, Kateřina (referee)
BACKGROUND: Tobacco smoking affects 2,2 million people in the Czech Republic and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. The prevalence of tobacco smoking in addicted patients is 4 times higher than in the general population. Despite the promising evidence of smoking cessation in addicted patients, controversy in tobacco treatment and other drug addictions persists. Unfortunately, a comprehensive approach to improving patients' health and quality of life is rare in clinical practice of Czech detoxification units and hospitals. AIMS: The aim of the theses was to evaluate the current pilot non-smoking operation at the Detoxification Department of the Addictology Clinic of the General Faculty Hospital through the perspective of the Department's treatment team members. To fulfill this aim, research questions focused on the positive and negative perceptions of non-smoking strategies of the patients and staff in the inpatient ward, optimizing the operations of the non-smoking inpatient ward and assessing motivation levels of hospitalized smokers to seek treatment for tobacco dependence. METHODS: Qualitative research methodology was used for data collection and processing, and structured interviews were applied. The sample consisted of 10 respondents from the health care staff of the above...
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Use of social networks in the period of distance learning at universities due to the coronavirus pandemic among addictology students.
Houzarová, Karolína ; Svěcená, Kateřina (advisor) ; Vacek, Jaroslav (referee)
Background: Widespread and local anti-epidemic measures were taken in the Czech Republic to limit the spread of the new covid-19 disease. These measures have negatively affected the daily lives of the population. One of the consequences of the impact of the measures was social isolation, which led to an increase in the use of social networks in society. The social networks have been used primarily to keep in touch with family, friends and acquaintances, through virtual reality. Aims: The aim of this bachelor thesis was to map the change in the use of social networks in students of addictology due to the coronavirus pandemic. Methods: In the research part of this work, a questionnaire survey was conducted among students of addictology, which was created on the platform Google in application Google Forms. This survey was then distributed among students according to individual years of studies with the help of student tutors and sharing of the questionnaire to official year student Facebook groups. Furthermore, the data were transferred to Microsoft Excel and evaluated using descriptive statistics. Results: A survey of 63 addictology students showed that the students increased their time spent on platforms Facebook, Instagram and Tiktok by more than 30 minutes due to global pandemic. During distance...
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Creation and Application of the grip test in patients after stroke
Filipová, Kateřina ; Svěcená, Kateřina (advisor) ; Svobodová, Tereza (referee)
The main aim of this bachelor's work was to create a grip test wich could be afterwards applied on patients after a stroke. An easy and time undemanding test was created whose evaluating standart is the number of achieved points. This test is used to find out the patient's functional condition in a grip area. It tests five kinds of grips. There evaluated stages of reaching, gripping, holding and releasing in each grip. The bachelor's work is divided into two parts: practical and theoretical. The theoretical part describes not only the impact of a stroke but olso the impact on the upper limb, hand and its functions and grips. It also describes testing and assessment. The practical part describes the time necessary to do the project, its realisation and application of the grip test on patients after stroke. This part also shows the results of testing. Key words: Stroke Assessment of hand grip Upper limb Grip test Grip
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