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National and Political Cleansing in Mohelnice 1945-1948. Expulsion - Transfer - Retribution.
Mrňka, Jaromír ; Kubů, Eduard (advisor) ; Staněk, Tomáš (referee)
National and Political Cleansing in Mohelnice 1945-1948. Expulsion - Tranfer - Retribution Jaromír Mrňka, Institute of Economic and Social History FF UK, 2011. Bachelor thesis 'National and Political Cleansing in Mohelnice 1945-1948. Expulsion - Transfer - Retribution' copes with theme WWII aftermath cleansing processes in town of Mohelnice in northern Moravia during the period of the so called Third Czechoslovakian Republic. In the context of long- term development of Czech-German relations in the region and other context of revolutionary changes in a structure of post-war society, thesis examines involvement of particular historical players during the period of the so called expulsion of Germans and wild retribution from May till July 1945, in the execution of the so called Great decree from July 1945 and in the organized phase of the transfer of German population in the region during the year 1946. Thesis studies motivations and changes of social status of defendants of the Great decree in the connection with their engagement in structures of the NSDAP.
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Hubert Svoboda: Crime and Punishment
Zerbst, Jan ; Doskočil, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Houda, Přemysl (referee)
This Master's degree thesis deals with the life of the important builder Hubert Svoboda from Brno, who was after the Second World War sentenced to two years in prison. The structure of this thesis is based on two interedependent chapters. In the initial study there is presented the story of Hubert Svoboda, from his birth to his death. The reader will learn what stood behind builder's collaboration. The following chapter describes the historians path to reconstructure the history of the present. There were made subchapters concerning the history of the present, which take part on scholar's interpretation. According to the usage of the oral history method, the next chapters are devoted to the validity of narrator's statements, to compare the validity not only of the witnesses, but of the archival source too. This work is based on my own methodological approach, which I have created during my research and in the same time it's the only one, which reflects the history of the present in the historic work.
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The fate of German-speaking nobility from the Šumava foothills after World War II
Zemanová, Nina ; Štemberk, Jan (advisor) ; Županič, Jan (referee) ; Hořejš, Miloš (referee)
This thesis compares afterwar fates of three noblemen from the foothills of the Šumava mountains - prince Joseph Windischgrätz, Otomar von Pelikan and Georg Heintschel von Heinegg. These noblemen share a few characteristics. Except being members of the royalty, their mother tongue was German and they all had similarly huge property in a size of a few hundreds hectares. These estates were situated in the not so fertile area of the Šumava foothills. Since all three men were noblemen, after 1918, they felt as being strangers in their own country. This impression was even stronger on their Šumava manor farm estates which were situated in predominantly Czech areas with German minority. Each of the men reacted differently to his uprootedness - Georg Heintschel was involved in the Austrian Fatherland Front and he later entered NSDAP and was a dedicated Nazi member. After the war, he was for this sentenced to death. Pelikan pinned his hopes on Sudeten German movement and entered SdP and during the so-called second republic also into NSDAP. However, already in the beginning of the war he started to temper his opinions and at the end he used his position in the Nazi hierarchy for helping people. Pelikan represents an example of an equivocal collaboration in this thesis. Pelikan's afterwar trial lacks verdict because...
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Retribution Judiciary of Extraordinary People's Courts in the Central Bohemia
Němečková, Daniela ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Kindl, Vladimír (referee) ; Vojáček, Ladislav (referee)
Retribution Judiciary of Extraordinary People's Courts in the Central Bohemia Goal of this Dissertation is to complement up-to-date literature resources about Retribution with a statistical analysis of two Extraordinary People's Courts in Mladá Boleslav and Kutná Hora, to answer defined research questions, and to develop a novel methodology for assembling name lists of charged individuals, which can serve in the future as a supporting tool for an easier formation of new name lists coming from other Extraordinary People's Courts. Another goal was to determine an influence of a so-called layman element on the court's decisions. Files in eponymous collections deposited in Regional Archive in Prague served as a main source of data. A brief probe into Extraordinary People's Court in Prague is also included in this work. Studies of the files showed that 487 men and 124 women were charged by the Extraordinary People's Court in Mladá Boleslav. Therefore, one fifth of charged individuals were women. Statistical analysis also showed that an average woman had a bigger chance of being acquitted; men were judged more strictly. This Court prosecuted mainly people of Czech nationality. Nationality also had an influence on a length of a sentence, which was almost double among Germans. Whistle-blowing was the most...
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Extraordinary people's court in Prague
Němečková, Daniela ; Kindl, Vladimír (referee) ; Soukup, Ladislav (referee)
Résumé The outrageous crimes committed by the Nazis and their treacherous accomplices in Czechoslovakia demanded strict justice. These were the first words of the Decree No. 16/1945 concerning the punishment of Nazi criminals, traitors and their accomplices and concerning the Extraordinary People's Courts (so called the Great Decree). This decree was used to punish Nazi criminals, traitors and their accomplices who stood trial before the Extraordinary People's Courts. The biggest extraordinary people's court resided in Prague, it carried out its activity from 5th September 1945 to 4th July 1947 and it had to deal with eleven thousand cases. During its existence this court had to solve a lot of issues: such as missing professional judges and public prosecutors, problematic cooperation with the District National Committees, and finally the interpretation of problematic provisions. A lot of important Nazis had to stand trial before this court, such as the prosecutor of the Special court Kurt Blaschtowitschka, the politician of the First Republic and the Minister of State for Bohemia and Moravia Karl Hermann Frank, the Deputy Protector of Bohemia and Moravia Kurt Daluege, the gestapo leader in Kladno Harald Wiesmann with another fifteen gestapo members and at last the parachutist and later paid confident, the...
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Hubert Svoboda: Crime and Punishment
Zerbst, Jan ; Doskočil, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Houda, Přemysl (referee)
This Master's degree thesis deals with the life of the important builder Hubert Svoboda from Brno, who was after the Second World War sentenced to two years in prison. The structure of this thesis is based on two interedependent chapters. In the initial study there is presented the story of Hubert Svoboda, from his birth to his death. The reader will learn what stood behind builder's collaboration. The following chapter describes the historians path to reconstructure the history of the present. There were made subchapters concerning the history of the present, which take part on scholar's interpretation. According to the usage of the oral history method, the next chapters are devoted to the validity of narrator's statements, to compare the validity not only of the witnesses, but of the archival source too. This work is based on my own methodological approach, which I have created during my research and in the same time it's the only one, which reflects the history of the present in the historic work.
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Justice or Retribution? Expulsion of Germans after the Second World War. Partisan People's Court in Lanškroun.
Kubíčková, Daniela ; Kubátová, Hana (advisor) ; Soukup, Jaromír (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses one of the marginalized chapters of Czech modern history, the functioning of people's courts and expulsions. It is a qualitative study using both analytical and statistical methods. This works benefits from using both primary and secondary sources. Its aim is to create a plastic picture of what happened on the main square in Lanškroun in May 1945. This work follows a research of immediate post war period. In few months (not just in Czechoslovakia) took place changes which irreversibly changed a society structure. Migration waves, the largest in the modern Czechoslovak history, affected economic, political, cultural and interpersonal relations, and thus the overall character of society. Initial euphoria over again liberation changed quickly to commonly manifestation hate against Germans, collectively responsible perpetrators of war crimes. Before official government organized expulsions, there has been a wild expulsions, escapes and people's court. Also by the influx of inland Czechs to border areas there has been created till that time nonexistent reality, culturally and ethnically unified border region which influenced internal state organization and also significantly influenced Czech-German (and Czech-Austrian) relations. Czech and German population living after war...
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