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Drawing by parent's wiev
Nováková, Pavlína ; Kucharská, Anna (advisor) ; Presslerová, Pavla (referee)
Bakalářská práce je zaměřena na kresbu předškolních dětí očima rodičů. Cílem práce je zjistit, zda se rodiče zajímají o kresbu svého dítěte, zda mají doma nějaké pomůcky k výtvarným činnostem, zda věnují dostatečnou pozornost detailům v kresbě dítěte a zda si s dítětem o nakresleném obrázku povídají. V teoretické části jsem se zaměřila na předškolní období, kresbu a její vývojová stádia. Krátce jsem se zmínila o rámcovém vzdělávacím programu pro předškolní vzdělávání, který je závazný pro všechna předškolní zařízení. V praktické části jsem dělala výzkumné šetření formou dotazníku pro rodiče. Výzkum proběhl na dvou mateřských školách, z nichž jedna byla na vesnici a druhá byla ve městě. Klíčová slova: kresba, vývoj výtvarného projevu, předškolní věk, rodiče
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Relationship between posttraumatic growth and coping processes of healthy siblings of children with disabilities
Soukupová, Marie ; Presslerová, Pavla (advisor) ; Kucharská, Anna (referee)
This thesis is focused on the current concept of coping with stressful situations and the concept of posttraumatic growth of healthy siblings of disabled children. The first part of this thesis deals with stressful situations throughout the life of healthy sibling. The work describes the ways of coping with difficult life situations as well as coping strategies oriented to the future (proactive coping). It also focuses on the positive effects of this experience within the concept of posttraumatic growth. The empirical part presents the data obtained from nine respondents. There were used these methods: interview, narrative inspired by life-story, questionnaire PTGI-CZ and PCI questionnaire. The data were elaborated by means of qualitative and quantitative methods. The aim of the thesis was to identify the coping strategies used by siblings and identify potential posttraumatic growth. The most considerable development was reflected in the areas of "appreciation of life" and "personal growth". The most helpful coping strategies were considered to be positive thinking and positive reappraisal of a situation. We believe that these research findings might be helpful in counselling for siblings or in the area of psychotherapy.
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Quality of Life of Girls in the Diagnostic Institute for Youth
Soukupová, Marie ; Šotolová, Eva (advisor) ; Presslerová, Pavla (referee)
This thesis with the title "Quality of Life of Girls in the Diagnostic Institute for Youth" is focused on the current concept of quality of life and the concept of value system of girls in the diagnostic institute for youth. The first part of the thesis deals with adolescence and problem behavior in this period. The work describes the relationship of values and the concept of quality of life in adolescence. It also focuses on the diagnostic institute for girls in Hodkovičky and the ways of influence of the system of values and the quality of life of girls. The empirical part presents the data obtained from 15 respondents. There was used the method of questionnaire. The data were elaborated by means of qualitative and quantitative methods. The aim of the thesis was to identify the subjective view of girl's quality of life by identifying their value system. Our aim is also to find out the development of their value system and the quality of life during their stay in the diagnostic institute for girls. We believe that these research findings might be helpful in work with girls with behavioral problems not only in the diagnostic institute for youth. 1
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Games of preschool girls and boys
Matoušková, Klára ; Smetáčková, Irena (advisor) ; Presslerová, Pavla (referee)
Gender differences between children take an important part in the process of creating their future concept of identity. It is important that people who care about children wouldn't restrict children because of following common gender stereotypes. Many differences between men and women are based on social rules so they are not naturally created. The aim of my work is to determine whether pre - school children are already so clear-cut in gender that it will affect the selection of toys and play or not. Based on developmental theories can be expected that preschoolers have already built the basic gender identity, but they still would be seen as partially changeable. To achieve the goals I used individual interview method with the children and their subsequent structured observations during their free play. Major outcome of my research is that preschool children in the most cases have the same idea like adults about what the girls and boys prefer. Observation of the free play shows that girls are not that strongly decided in gender questions as boys are.
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Concept of role of classmates from the perspective of adolescent girls and boys
Čechová, Helena ; Smetáčková, Irena (advisor) ; Presslerová, Pavla (referee)
in English This thesis deals with the conception of classmate's roles from the perspective of adolescent girls and boys. Thesis is divided into two parts - theoretical and empirical. The theoretical part introduces the subject in terms of developmental and social psychology and gender studies. In the first half of theoretical part I follow up the social aspects of the classmate's role and conceive it within the class and peer group. Certain space is also devoted to establishing the relationships between girls and boys. The second half of theoretical section reflects adolescence as a specific developmental period, in which I focus on occurring biological, mental and social changes. Whole theory is penetrated by gender perspective focussing on comparison of girl or boy adolescence. Introducing the process of gender roles creation and the significance of femininity and masculinity completes the theoretical part. The empirical part includes research of role concept within the 9th class of primary school. Presenting average images of pupils about the ideal classmate (girl and boy) I highlight the gender aspects of mentioned role. While interpreting the analysis outcomes and considering itself gender membership of responding pupils I point out the role differences as well. The goal is to show whether...
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Motherhood seen throw the eyes of three generations of women
Havránková, Tereza ; Levínská, Markéta (advisor) ; Presslerová, Pavla (referee)
The purpose of this thesis is to make a plot of generations changes in motherhood. The aim of the theoretical part is to introduce possible views on motherhood. It gives us a look at materhood like a social construct and a biological instinct. This part is also dealing with their reciprocal combinations. Another parts of this section is to introduce motherhood like a social role and motherhood like a sense of identity. The aim of the practical part is to collect information from mothers of three generations about their own experiences with motherhood. The interview was according to The Grounded Theory. The particular aims of this section are to discover important areas of motherhood for women of all generations, find out the generation changes in this areas and evaluate the impact of this changes on the final image of motherhood. The generation changes and important areas of motherhood are compared and discussed with theoretical findings from the first part. The conclusion of this work thesis is focused on importance of these generation changes on the final image of motherhood.
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Motherhood of Under Age Girls
Presslerová, Pavla ; Kucharská, Anna (advisor) ; Šulová, Lenka (referee) ; Lacinová, Lenka (referee)
TITLE: Motherhood of Under Age Girls AUTHOR: Pavla Skasková DEPARTMENT: Department of Psychology SUPERVISOR: PhDr. PaedDr. Anna Kucharská, Ph.D. The dissertation is focused on phenomenon of motherhood in adolescence. In the Czech Republic nearly one thousand children are given birth every year by mothers who according to current law are not full-aged. A very similar number of teenage girls decide for abortion. The study searches for answers to broad varieties of particular research questions. Qualitatively directed research outcomes reflect motives involved in young women's final decisions to become an under-age mother, the determinants of the decision making process in the context of sexual reproductive health. They watch as the participants prepare for the role of mother, what helped them solve the situation and what is it difficult to evaluate their experience and maternity and parental competence. The work focuses on the reflected experience of the new role in the self, and the identity of teenage mothers. A semi-structured interview was chosen as the fundamental method to gather the data; however, additional essays of all respondents are available as well. There is analyzed the data of 28 participants, under-age mothers, who are allocated with their children in an institutional care or in...
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Formation of Class Structure as a Result of Class Ideals of Beauty
Klasová, Karolína ; Smetáčková, Irena (advisor) ; Presslerová, Pavla (referee)
The goal of this study was to determine whether a relationship exists between the ideal of beauty and functioning of the class in 9th degree. Directly, the research focused on the design of "class ideal of beauty" and the degree of influence it has on the class structure - the hierarchy and division of roles in the class. Data obtained from children was compared with the available literature, which is presentinge social view of the ideal standard of beauty. The main methods of empirical investigation was observing, questioning to the ideal of beauty, Sociometry B3 and additional interviews. The research sample consisted of a total of 2 classes of basic school in Prague, with a total of 41 pupils took part. Inquiries to the ideal of beauty filled the 29 children - 17 boys and 12 girls and sociometric questionnaire corresponded to a total of 34 male and female pupils - 21 boys and 13 girls. The other boys and girls had either informed consent or were absent during the interview. The data obtained from the questionnaire to the ideal of beauty has been analyzed through a method known as open coding and B3 sociometric questionnaire was evaluated by a computer program. Observations and interviews were used more as a complementary method to verify and clarify information from the questionnaires. From the data we...
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