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Influence of extracellular matrix environment on gene expression in liver myofibriloblasts
Jiroutová, Alena ; Kanta, Jiří (advisor) ; Ehrmann, Jiří (referee) ; Sedláček, Radislav (referee)
Influence of extracellular matrix environment on gene expression in liver myofibroblast (summary) Hepatic stellate cells (HSC) and liver myofibroblasts (MF) are two cell populations most likely responsible for the synthesis of majority of connective tissue components in fibrotic liver. They differ in their origin and location in the liver, and in the spectrum of genes they express. HSC are located in Disse spaces of normal rat liver around the sinusoids, in fibrotic liver they become activated, proliferate and they undergo transdifferentiation into myofibroblast-like cells. Myofibroblasts are heterogenous cell population that consists at least of portal pMF, septal sMF and interface iMF. pMF, which are adjacent to bile duct epithelia, may be a mediator of billiary type fibrosis. sMF are located within and along the collagenous septum in cirrhotic liver. Little is known about the expression of genes involved in connective tissue metabolism in MF cultured in fibrin or collagen gels that more closely resemble natural cell environment. Fibrin is deposited in liver at sites of injury and collagen type I forms a substantial part of fibrotic septa. In our study oligo cDNA array analysis was used to determine gene expression in quiescent HSC, activated HSC and MF isolated from both normal and CCl4-cirrhotic liver....
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Options of preparation of tobermorite
Dlabajová, Lucie ; Másilko, Jiří (referee) ; Opravil, Tomáš (advisor)
The bachelor thesis deals with options of preparation of tobermorite. Tobermorite is a mineral, which, thanks to its composition and properties, is an important phase in aerated concrete. On the field of science and research, an attention has been drawn on tobermorite as an ion ex-changer. Synthesis of a pure mineral can cause problems with testing and improving its properties. Tobermorite crystallizes together with other calcium silicate hydrates from system CaO-SiO2-H2O during a hydrothermal reaction. This thesis mainly focuses on influence of choosing starting materials and their treatment before the hydrothermal synthesis. Other influences which are studied are conditions of hydrothermal processes and their influence on final products of hydrothermal synthesis. Phase composition of prepared samples was characterized by XRD and TG-DTA. As an additional analyze was used scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
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Options of library collections preservation and preventive prepararion for eventual natural disasters
Tomášková, Linda ; Kalkus, Stanislav (advisor) ; Stöcklová, Anna (referee)
Práce pojednává o tématu ochrany knihovních fondů před ničivými vlivy živelných katastrof. Úvodem podává přehled rizik, které mohou ohrozit fond, stanovuje preventivní a záchranné postupy pro minimalizaci škod způsobených živelnými pohromami a dalšími nebezpečnými jevy, navrhuje způsoby ochrany s cílem zvýšit úroveň zabezpečení uskladněných fondů. Samostatná kapitola je věnována kooperativním snahám v oblasti živelných katastrof na poli mezinárodním a v rámci České republiky. Dále se práce zabývá preventivní přípravou - vytvořením preventivního plánu, zmiňuje rizikové faktory a zdůrazňuje nutnost finančních rezerv. Popisuje podmínky potřebné pro dlouhodobé uchovávání knihovních fondů. Navrhuje řešení ideálního depozitáře. Text závěrečné kapitoly poukazuje na současný stav uložení dokumentového fondu na konkrétních případech oslovených knihoven.
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Affirmative action or positive discrimination?
Buldrová, Andrea ; Dvořáková, Vladimíra (advisor) ; Vymětal, Petr (referee)
This thesis deals with the idea of affirmative action and its importance in the development of American society. The main goal is to analyze the effects of affirmative action and to evaluate its positive and negative impacts. The thesis has following structure. At first the theory and basic defenitions of affirmative action and other connected terms are explained. The second part is oriented on historical development of the fight against discrimination and for equal rights of minorities and women. Since 60's it focuses directly on affirmative action programs. At the same time the public stance is examined as well as the main influeces that were and are able to change it. That is why this work deals with some concrete Supreme Court cases which played an essential role in changing the focus and popularity of affirmative action. Particular Supreme Court sentences acted in both directions - there are some cases which were judged in favor of institutions practising affirmative policy or of a member of a group which had to face past discrimination. On the other hand, some sentences led to the end of such programs, especially in 80's when many conservative justices were nominated by president Ronald Reagan. The present situation and the future of affirmative action depend fundamentally on the stance of U.S. administration. The new one around president Barack Obama gives hope to affirmative policy and its supporters.
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Comunity of Portuguese Speaking Countries:ideal and reality
Němec, Jan ; NÁHRADNÍ, VEDOUCÍ (advisor) ; NÁHRADNÍ, OPONENT (referee)
This text explores the topic of contemporary relations between lusophone countries, principally at the level of Community of Portuguese Speaking Countries (iComunidade dos Paises de Lingua Portuguesa - CPLP), the international intergovernamental organization founded in 1996 by représentants of seven countries which use Portuguese as official language - Angola, Brazil, Cape Verde, Guinea-Bissau, Mozambique, Portugal and Sao Tome and Principe - with intention to promote a multidimensional cooperation. The project of CPLP tries to get value from the common past of these countries, to which in 2002 added independent East Timor, that goes to the colonial era. Characteristics of this period are also matter of interest of this essay, including the ideological background of the Portuguese presence in the overseas areas and the process of the abrupt decolonization of the Portuguese Empire are also focused in this text. Being the language the most solid tie between these countries, in addition to mutual cultural influences, the Comunity of Portuguese Speaking Countries tries above all to promote a difusion of the common language in the world and within the participating states. Moreover, among the objectives of the CPLP we can find permanent political-diplomatic concert and cooperation in all the possible fields....
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The life afterwards. The return of Czechoslovak political prisoners to society.
Vránková, Ivana ; Bouška, Tomáš (advisor) ; Hlaváček, Jiří (referee)
The Master's thesis "The Life Afterwards. The Return of Czechoslovak Political Prisoners to Society" is concerned with the topic of the re-integration of Czechoslovak political prisoners of the 1950s back into society after their release from prison. In the conceptual framework I provide the political and historical background of the Communist Czechoslovakia during the 1950s. I discuss the concept of political prisoner and describe the living conditions in prisons and labor camps. As observed from their narration, I also briefly outline the various strategies employed by political prisoners in their attempts to deal with imprisonment. Although the descriptions of the respondents' arrests and events that had led up to them are topics not directly concerned with the primary topic of my thesis, they are included, because they are vital in understanding the existential and other re-integration-related problems these prisoners faced. In my research, I employ the qualitative method of oral history. I focus on the time period when the interviewees were released from prison and try to describe the numerous issues they faced and had to deal with. More specifically, I focus on family and friendship relations, which had been often disrupted and the issue of seeking a new employment, an area of life in which...
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Habitat requirements of two species Huperzia selago and Lycopodium annotinum in sandstone area of NP Bohemian Switzerland
Trachtová, Pavla ; Hadincová, Věroslava (advisor) ; Adámek, Martin (referee)
Species Huperzia selago and Lycopodium annotinum occur in cold and humid habitats with acid substrate. These are mainly mountain areas in the Czech Republic, but also sand gorges, where the temperature inversion is common. The temperature inversion causes the fact, that temperature conditions in ravines are different from the climatic conditions of surroundings, which causes high rate of species variety among the habitats. In these places, Montane and Boreal species grow in low altitudes and in the proximity of thermophile species. The presence of montane and boreal species in sand ravines is largely influenced by inherence of temperature inversion, which is determined by features of ravine (depth, breadth, orientation) and by weather conditions. Other important agents (excepting microclimatic conditions), which influence the prevalence of these kinds, are microelement availability and the rate of competition. In Czech Republic, both species Huperzia selago and Lycopodium annotinum fall into C3 category, which means that they indicate permanent regression in our nature. In the case of my field survey in the area of the Bohemian Switzerland National Park I confirmed this tendency for species Huperzia selago.
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Oligoester matrices with antimicrobial drugs III.
Lazařová, Klára ; Šnejdrová, Eva (advisor) ; Dittrich, Milan (referee)
Klára Lazařová Diploma thesis 2008 The aim of this work was the study of the fluconazol and terbinafine release from oligoester carriers branched with various concentration of either mannitol (3M, 5M, 8M) or dipentaerythritol (3D, 5D, 8D) and plasticized with 30 % triethyl citrate (TEC). Theoretical part is occupied with drug delivery systems and the conditions of the coupling of the macromolecules with the biological substrates. The 150,0 mg matrices composed of carrier, drug of 4% and plasticizer TEC of 30% were prepared. They were put to the static dissolution test using phosphate citrate buffer pH 5,0 at 37řC. The drug release was determined spectrophotometricaly at 261 nm for Fluconazole and 283 nm for Terbinafine. Fluconazole release was the fastest from carrier 5D. The carriers 5D and 8D released the drug during three stages, after burst effect was observed constant liberation followed slowing the process. The carriers branched using mannitol released the drug depending of the concentration of the mannitol.
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The Development of Primary Education in the Modřany District up to the year 1939
Bartoňová, Lenka ; Váňová, Růžena (advisor) ; Váňová, Miroslava (referee)
V úvodu diplomové práce jsem si vytkla v podstatě dva cíle: zhodnocení vlivu některých obecných faktorů na chod a vývoj školy a zachycení pestrosti jejího života. Nyní se pokusím shrnout zda a jak bylo mé úsilí úspěšné. Předeslanými faktory jsem měla na mysli především přírodní podmínky, státoprávní uspořádání státu, jeho legislativu, hospodářskou orientaci obce, sociální strukturu jejího obyvatelstva. Studiem dobových pramenů a seznamováním se s chodem a vývojem školy jsem došla k závěru, ze i tak vágní okolnost jako jsou přírodní podmínky panující v oblasti Modřan do fungování školy zasáhly. Na mysli mám nejen klimatické změny, jako jsou dlouhé a třeskuté mrazy, jejichž následkem (často ve spojení s ekonomickou situací obce a státu) byly občasné uhelné krize a uhelné prázdniny nebo šíření epidemiologických onemocnění. Přírodní silou, která nezřídka zasáhla do života celé obce, tedy i její školy byla řeka Vltava. Ve sledovaném období se připomínala většími či menšími záplavami. Školy byly v těchto chvílích prvním a do postavení sokolovny v roce 1923 také jediným útočištěm postižených rodin.
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