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The Presidential Election in the Period of the First Republic in the Pages of the Newspapers of Czech Political Parties
Jandura, Michal ; Míšková, Alena (advisor) ; Václavů, Lubor (referee)
Prezidentské volby v období první republiky patří к nejvýznamnějším politickým událostem Československé republiky, ještě významnější, než-li volby do parlamentu. Proč tomu tak bylo? Voleb do zastupitelských orgánů se zúčastnilo vždy mnoho politických stran, z nichž pouze nej důležitější byly státotvorné a ani jedna z těchto stran nezískala takový počet hlasů, aby mohla účinně ovlivňovat chod parlamentu. Z toho důvodu vznikla tzv. pětka ( později šestka a osmička ) sestavená z mandátů těchto stran a tento faktický stav fungoval mnoho let a přinášel tak politickou stabilitu Československu, bez ohledu na konkrétní výsledek voleb. Tím však tyto volby poněkud ztrácely na svém významu ve prospěch prezidentských voleb, jejichž důležitost byla především zdůrazněna osobou Tomáše Garrigue Masaryka, který již na samém počátku vzniku Československé republiky prosadil silnou pozici prezidenta v ústavě.1 Samotné prezidentské volby, výjma prvních voleb, byly dokladem silného politického boje, ve kterém nebyla předem jistota, že prezidentem bude zvolen Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk, resp. v posledních volbách Edvard Beneš. Termín první republika se vztahuje na období mezi vznikem Československé republiky v roce 1918 a 30. zářím 1938, kdy byla podepsána Mnichovská dohoda. Celkově došlo v těchto vymezených letech к pěti...
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The Role and Status of Social Workers in the Social Care System in Mongolia
TSOODOL, Khaliun
The Diploma thesis deals with the role and status of social workers in the social welfare system in Mongolia defines the basic concepts and characteristics of a social system care in contemporary society. With the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, fell in Mongolia communist regime and adopted a free market economy. Rapid political and economic changes over the last decade has caused many families poverty, many of them have lost the opportunity to care for their children. As a result, many children left their families, many are homeless and live on the streets or in institutionalized orphanages. The road to democracy was attacked corruption, economic crisis and political movements. In July 2008 along political committees have brought hope to a common agreement. In Mongolia, social work began its operations in 1997 as a result of the recognition of the needs of professional intervention in urgent social problems caused by social, political and economic transformation from a communist Mongolian society to a democratic, which took place in 1990. Democratic change has laid a solid foundation for the promotion of social justice, human rights and civil society development in the country. Social work as a professional discipline in Mongolia is new, so the next challenge for social workers is to introduce and popularize the role of social work. Even more important is the pursuit of the development of the national identity of the social worker. Given the novelty of professional and institutional development is needed to develop programs designed to support local, national and regional needs and priorities, to promote professional development and practice-based learning, and create educational resources. The qualitative research was conducted four interviews with social workers, each of them working in different areas of the city. The fifth interview I had with a professor in the Department of Social Work at the University of UlanBator. Data obtained through interviews I compiled using open coding. The aim of this thesis is to introduce the issue of social care in the capital UlanBator. The operational objective of the thesis is to identify specifically describe and analyze the current status of social workers. The research showed that in Mongolia is not clearly defined system of Social Work and Social Services Act, which would define the exact role of social workers. In today's society in Mongolia role of the social worker is varied. The issue of social work is that the Mongolian government is focusing more on cash assistance, but does not take account of social work in the form of direct intervention to the citizens. The opportunity to study abroad is expensive, costs associated with the study must cover themselves. The contribution of this work is to contribute to the understanding of the overall situation of social workers and obstacles to their further development. Our results obtained could also contribute to the understanding of social work in general.
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Evaluation of psychomotor speed in patients with depressive disorder
Kostúrová, Rút ; Kopeček, Miloslav (advisor)
Depression is závažným health problem that is manifested in increasing quantity of people at different ages. It hasconsequences for both medical (sebevraždy, abuse alcohol and drugs, the complications of otherdiseases such as as cardiovascular disease, various endocrine diseases, dementia, oncological diseases, etc.) and socioeconomic (sick leave people of working age, greater consumption of medical care,manželství decays, impaired child care, etc.), WHO estimates that by 2020 depressionwill become second leading cause of disability, morbidity and mortality in the world immediately after coronary heart disease. (Grammenos, 2005) is therefore general trend to move diagnosis and treatment of depressivedisorders at the level primary care physicians to first contact
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Developmental kinesiology of a child suffering from cerebral palsy until adulthood
Janotová, Lenka ; Bartlová, Petra (advisor) ; Kláserová, Kamila (referee)
My diploma thesis is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. The former consists of three parts. Firstly, I was dealing with the history and etiology of cerebral palsy. Secondly, Vojta's method is being described as the main method in the therapy of cerebral palsy. Thirdly, kinesiological etaps are characterised in the development of a child since her birth till her one year. Practical part deals with the case reports of three people. The first one represents an analysis of a female, who suffered from cerebral palsy in her childhood. The second deals with the analysis and photos of a young male, where I didn't expect from any anomaly on his kinetics and its function in his childhood and adulthood. The third one represents the diagnosis of central coordination disorder during Vojta's method and the evaluation of the child's kinesiological development in 60 different time periods. Finally, I am dealing with the facts which I found out during my research.
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Political trials in Czechoslovakia during normalisation period 1969 - 1989
Petránková, Lucie ; Kindl, Vladimír (referee) ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor)
Resume The subject matter of my graduate work is political processes in the ČSSR as a standardization. Now after twenty years we can evaluate the totalitarian regime as twenty years is ample enough time for this. I will describe the persecution of political nature. In my work I focus on the criminal law, penalties of crimes, justice, the influence of laws on the judiciary, prosecution, and the advocacy. I will try to outline the scheme and its design. I want to describe the development of the totalitarian regime in the former Czechoslovakian republic. I will concentrate only on the period of normalization, as this period is not adequately described in literature. As a reference and source I used archival materials, legal writings and articles from books. The normalization was the period covering the last twenty years. It all began in 1968 (there was a military invasion into Czechoslovakia) which ended in 1989. At this time, the totalitarian regime developed their own system of law, this was called "socialist legality." I will use the laws from "socialist legality". These historical laws must be considered carefully and must be considered in a historical context, this is because it was the difference between written law and applied law. The law was interpreted for the interest of the Communist Party and...
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Gao Xingjian's Novel Lingshan
Longauerová, Darina ; Lomová, Olga (referee) ; Andrš, Dušan (advisor)
Gao Xingjianove teoretické názory opakovane prezentované v mnohých prednáškach a statiach vyzdvihujú najma potrebu slobody pre spisovatel'a k vyjadreniu svojich myšlienok, nápadov a úvah. Táto sloboda zahtňa slobodu nie len ako politickú nezávislost' potrebnú na slobodné publikovanie diel bez strachu z možných následkov, ale i slobodu vnútornú, ktorú Gao definoval hlavne v zbierke statí, esejov a úvah Bez izmov. Tieto myšlienky, ktorými sa Gao Xingjian zaoberal ešte pred odchodom do exilu do Francúzska v roku 1987, ho sprevádzali aj pri písaní románu Hora duše. Svojim románom Hora duše sa Gao Xingjian prihlásil k vlastnému, na svoju dobu novátorskému pojatiu literárnej tvorby, tak ako ho načrtol v Úvode do postupov moderného románu, v ktorom presadzuje názor, že román nemusí byť postavený na základe lineárnej zápletky. Základ diela tvorí spisovatel'ovo vnímanie a porozumenie života, ktoré móže prezentovat' prostredníctvom zobrazenia vnútomého sveta subjektu, čím móže spisovatel' i čitatel' lepšie porozumieť životu i sebe samému. Ďalej v Úvode do postupov moderného románu prezentoval tézu, podl'a ktorej sa móže naratívny zorný uhol posúvať medzi prvou, druhou i treťou osobou a súčasne vyzdvihol prúd vedomia ako vhodný postup na predvedenie vnútorného sveta postáv. Gao Xingjian argumentuje, že pre ďalší vývoj...
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The fairness of tax system
Marková, Dagmar ; Rethmann, Albert-Peter (advisor) ; Ovečka, Libor (referee)
ANGLICKÁ ANOTACE The Fairness of Tax System This paper deals with the fairness of tax system. After introductory chapter the history of taxes is summarized and the basic functions of taxes are described followed by mentioning the requirements of good tax system. One of the main requirements is the fairness of the system. In the third part, paper discusses the role of justice. Three types of justice and several concepts of fairness will be introduced. I chose two concepts for further explanation. The first theory introduces utilitarianism; the second one is based on the opinions of John Rawls. According to the principle of Christian ethics I debate them. The next section evaluates taxes and kinds of tax systems on the basis of fairness theories. Examples from Czech tax system are included in the discussion. The reform of public finance is prepared in our country, thus at the end the implementation of flat tax and ecological tax reform is discussed. The last chapter concludes. Key words: tax, tax system, fairness, utilitarianism, Rawls.
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Corporate criminal liability
Gibalová, Diana ; Jelínek, Jiří (advisor) ; Vokoun, Rudolf (referee)
Záv r Z našeho rozboru problematiky trestní odpov dnosti právnických osob v eské republice a ve Francii shrnujeme: v otázce zavedení nové trestní odpov dnosti Ve Francii a v R bylo zavedení trestní odpov dnosti právnických osob doprovázeno zdlouhavými diskuzemi. Nejednotnost ve v deckých kruzích je p irozená a prosp šná. Díky ní se problematika trestní odpov dnosti právnických osob prozkoumává ze všech hledisek a p ináší propracovanou kone nou úpravu "lepší kvality". Na druhou stranu nelze podepisovat mezinárodní dokumenty vyžadující zavedení trestní odpov dnosti právnických osob a sou asn ponechávat odpov dnost právnických osob za jejich deliktní jednání v p vodním zn ní, tak jak je tomu v eské republice. Tímto p ístupem eská republika ztrácí svým vlastním p i in ním prestiž, zejména v schopnosti dostát si svých mezinárodních závazk . eské republice bychom proto mohli vytknout jakousi "nemotornost", která panuje v otázce zavedení trestní odpov dnosti právnických osob. eští zákonodárci by si mohli vzít p íklad z angažovanosti svých francouzských koleg a inspirovat se z legislativního procesu, kterým v této otázce prošla Francouzská republika. v otázce povahy trestní odpov dnosti právnických osob eský návrh o trestní odpov dnosti právnických osob byl postaven na pravé trestní odpov dnosti. Francouzský model...
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Employment of persons with health handicap
Ceeová, Nela ; Vysokajová, Margerita (advisor) ; Štangová, Věra (referee)
- 7 - Abstract - Employment of people with disabilities The thesis deals with the protection, rights and opportunities of employing disabled persons in the Czech Republic. It uses the information from the public-available sources and from the licensed sources available to all students of the Faculty of Law, Charles University. The thesis is divided into several parts, as current regulation in the international law, the history and current regulation in the Czech republic and in short practical part concerning real situation on the Czech labour market. The thesis follows the legislation at all levels and is structured similarly to the hierarchy of legal norms. First I deal with the definition of the concept, as has been altered over time. In a follow-up chapter are comprehensively analyzed the various international conventions that seek to identify and define a group of disabled people and set up for this group the broadest possible rights, and on the other hand, to define discrimination against such persons and to eliminate it. Here are taken into account obligations of the Czech Republic towards people with disabilities arising from membership in international organizations and in the European Union and from the ratification of international treaties. In the 3rd chapter is analyzed Czech legislation from...
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Welfare of the elderly and the pension reform in European countries
Štěpánková, Kateřina ; Koldinská, Kristina (advisor) ; Štefko, Martin (referee)
The diploma thesis describes and analyses the current pension system in Czech Republic, including other allowance possibilities of Czech seniors. System's imperfections and their possible reformations are emphasized. Opening part is devoted to the historical development of old age security and constitutional and international basis of the current legal regulation. The second part aims at the pension reform in Czech Republic. Demographic information and main problems of the current system are analysed. Political reform concepts are briefly described and they are reviewed in context. Next, the thesis deals with the pension reform itself and describes changes which have already been done and measures to be taken. Finally the old age security and pension reforms in three different European countries are compared. The countries were selected as the representatives of the three different social state models.
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