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Educational policy towards Roma: an application of a theoretical approach social constructions of target populations on a problem of educating Roma pupils in the Czech schools
Jeráčková, Aneta ; Novotný, Vilém (advisor) ; Muhič Dizdarevič, Selma (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with educational policy towards Roma pupils in the Czech Republic. This problem is explored on the basis of theoretical approach called social constructions of target populations. Educational policy towards Roma pupils has a provable negative character, because it segregates many Roma pupils from the educational mainstream and thus it prevents them from achieving an adequate level of education. On the opposite side of this "double-track" education system there is a concept of inclusive education, which is considered on the EU level as more effective and beneficial for the whole society. However, there is a polemic in the Czech society, both professional and non-professional, with respect to reforming the education system into more open and inclusive form. Despite of the fact that the concept of inclusive education has been formally accepted as a guideline of the Czech education system, it hasn't brought any real change so far, neither of the system itself, nor of the situation of Roma pupils in it. With an application of theoretical knowledge of the social constructions of target populations approach, this diploma thesis tries to understand a present image of the educational policy towards Roma pupils, in order to answer a question: why it has prevailing negative character...
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Social meaning of physical exercise presented by some of the Czech women's magazines
Semotánová, Adéla ; Hájek, Martin (advisor) ; Řezáčová, Vendula (referee)
The subject of the thesis is meanings of the physical exercising presented in the Czech women magazines, which I explored through qualitative content analysis of the articles focused on exercising. Three relevant frames or research areas emerged from foreign literature, which became the frames of the analysis: value of the exercise related to the body, the exercise as possible social field and gender level of these practices. I was specifically interested, if the exercise is presented as activity that helps to create socially disciplined body or individually restituted body for personal needs. Or if the exercise creates specific social field - sphere with specific relationship, rules and capital and if the gender is an important factor, connected to the presentation of the exercises in magazines, focused on women. The results show that the exercise is activity that creates the restituted body so as the disciplined body. It is not possible to define, if it is specific social field. The articles content so positive indications as those, which do not comply with the social field definition. Ideal femininity and ideal woman body should be reached by exercising. This ideal woman identity varies from reader's identity, which magazines define as "common" woman. The gender is an important factor that has...
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The Nuptiality and divorces - Progress from 1970 to these days and comparison with advanced states of EU
Krejčí, Marek ; Fiala, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kačerová, Eva (referee)
The Bachelor's Thesis is focused to the analysis of nuptiality and divorces since 1970. This thesis explains a both demographic processes, indicators and theirs levels and structures. The progress of marriages and divorces is shown by specifically indicators since 1970 to these days. Work outlines existence of seasonality in nuptiality by month and days in week. These present values help to compare with other European country and help to find out condition of Czech Republic. In conclusion, Thesis mentions financial instruments to increase motivation and amount of marriages.
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The most important Toraja rituals and their current form
Budimanová, Michaela ; Oberfalzerová, Alena (advisor) ; Dubovská, Zorica (referee) ; Remešová, Blanka Michaela (referee)
The presented doctoral thesis called The Most Important Toraja Rituals and Their Current Form deals with the ethnic group of Toraja, who inhabit the province of Tana Toraja, located in the southern part of the Indonesian island of Sulawesi. The work presents Toraja culture with a focus on two of the most important rituals - funerals and weddings. The goal is to outline the original form of these rituals and to capture the major social and religious changes in Toraja society since the Dutch missionaries first entered the area of present day Tana Toraja at the beginning of the 20th century. The Dutch introduced Christianity to the Toraja people, who until then adhered to their autochthonous religion Aluk Todolo. Almost all of the Toraja people gradually converted to Christianity, though they did not fully leave behind their original customs. In this work, I advert to how much the newly accepted Christianity influenced contemporary Toraja rituals, with an emphasis on the shift in their form and meaning. The work is based mostly on the field research; I implemented the method of concentrated observation. I also conducted and recorded many interviews with local people. After returning from the field, I analysed all of the collected text, voice, and video materials. Based on its analysis and the specialized...
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Life situation of university students in terms of adulthood
Musilová, Barbora ; Tuček, Milan (advisor) ; Kuchař, Pavel (referee)
Diplomová práce: Životní situace vysokoškolských studentů z hlediska dospělosti (Life situation of university students in terms of adulthood) Zpracovala: Barbora Musilová Abstract Diploma thesis " Life situation of university students in terms of adulthood" aims to show how young people currently studying university perceive their life situation and how much they feel to be adults. The thesis seeks the answers in qualitative analysis of students of Prague universities. Theoretical background of empirical part is formed by theories of present time analysts which highlight the variability and instability of social conditions. The result of this instability is that there are shifts of the timing of life events in the life cycles and challenging the traditional definition of adulthood as defined for example, independent living and marriage. Trends in the life of young students, such as prolonged studies or leaving home parents in late time point to a new stage, which haven't been in the life paths of previous generations. Living situation of young university students is not only extending the transition to adulthood, but the independent stage, which also raises the need to redefine the earlier definition of valid adulthood.
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NGOs in the cultural life of town Louny
Pelc, Martin ; Žák, Josef (advisor) ; Matějů, Martin (referee)
This paper focuses on a niche of local culture represented by non-governmental non-profit organisations (associations). The objective is to identify and analyse their part in the cultural life of the city during the 20 th century on the basis of theoretical assumptions. The backbone of the paper is the finding of how the transformations of the structure and role of association life influenced the social and mainly the cultural life of the town Louny. I attempted to identify, track, and interpret this phenomenon wi thin the various periods of time between 1918 and 2000. I chose this time span intentionally, for within this relatively short time frame, our country underwent several politically, economically, socially, and culturally distinct periods. My scope of interest covers the period between the World Wars marked with very intensive association life, the role of associations during the Protectorate period (Sokol, Junak), the conflicting developments between 1945 and 1968, the destruction of cultural life during the Normalisation period, and the renewed boom in the democratic society after 1989. Each period has its specificities and it is of interest to present the changes occurring in the local context, as the various entities are much more comprehensible on the local scale than if observed from a...
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The development of the family policy in the Czech Republic and its current form
ZEMKOVÁ, Kateřina
The bachelor work presents the development of family policy in the Czech Republic and its current form. At first, it describes the family and its importance to the society. Secondly, it introduces the current Czech family from the socio-demographic point of view and its changes in the last twenty years. After that, this work defines the term of family policy and specifies types of the governmental interventions to support family life in the Czech Republic. The next part of this work shows how the governmental helping system for families originated. It studies the development of the family policy from the origin of independent Czechoslovakia to year 1989. The description of the development of selected financial stimuli related to this issue is stressed. Their development after 1989 is analyzed in the following, final, chapter. It also introduces the attitude of the state to a family after 1989 and mentions the basic documents of governmental policy towards families.
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Anthropological conceptualisations of sexual categories
Prokopík, Petr ; Vrhel, František (advisor) ; Uherek, Zdeněk (referee) ; Skupnik, Jaroslav (referee)
The thesis inquires into the possibilities which anthropological study has in attempting to conceptualise the rich manifestations of human sexuality. It discusses the problems of biological determination and normativity in the study of sexuality as well as its problems in cross-cultural applications. In examples of interpretation of well known phenomena such as "hijra", "two-spirit" and "ritual homosexuality" it demonstrates theoretical concepts of "third sex", "third gender", and "sexual lifeways" as possible tools of cross-cultural categorization. It presents an original field research investigating the formation of a specific new alternative sexual category within gay communities in three language contexts - Czech, English and German. Offering a situational analysis which concerns not only a description of cultural meanings and symbols known by actors, and an analyses of historical development, but also offers an interpretation of actors subjectivity displayed in individual motivations, desires and meanings created and used by actors. It endeavours to give a reflection of relations between sexual category and individual motivations during the process of accepting sexual identity and forming an alternative sexual category.
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Giuseppe Verdi: "Don Carlos" - opera complex scenographic project
Heřmánková, Lucie ; DAVID, Milan (advisor) ; TEMPÍR, Nikola (referee)
This bachelor’s thesis aims to find complex scenographic solution of Don Carlos opera composed by Italian author Giuseppe Verdi. Apart from my own creative solution I also present theoretical chapters of authors biography, relation to his work and I compare several Don Carlos productions by Josef Jelínek who designed six unique costume variations.
During process of making the set design I came up with lots of topics to think about. I chose freedom as main topic by studying past productions, libretto and musical part. This topic is one of the key elements of the creative solution and therefore I defined it further in part of this thesis. I am also looking for artistic ways that would be the most suitable and adequate for the opera, musical-dramatic genre, in which music could be more important than libretto. I am trying to find connections to contemporary society and keep the story up to date.
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E-learning as a phenomenon of information society
Blahož, Milan ; Řezníček, Václav (advisor) ; Čermák, Radim (referee)
This bachelor's thesis deals with the issue of e-learning and its importance in current information society. Using information and communication technologies in everyday life was the main reason to include them in education too. The goal of thesis is complexly define electronic learning as another instrument in education, view on factors which are closely connected with it and recognition of developments and trends which e-learning goes to. Next on the base of accomplished analysis note on positive and negative effects on society and also on importance of individual knowledge and individual's critical thinking. Theoretical framework at first defines the basic terms like data, information, knowledge and education, which are more used in the rest of the work and without their clear definitions is work useless for potential reader. As next deals with both views on information and communication technologies, describes information society and its main characteristics, especially importance of information and its essential role for economy. Following chapter is focused on e-learning as an extensive topic. Defines electronic learning as a complex unit, from historical development to nowadays. Also includes variants of e-learning, persons which are involved in and modern trends as the last like Massive Open On-line Courses or m-learning. Key part of the work is analysis applied on electronic learning and presented in SWOT form, where are described identified particular factors. With summary of analysis deals next chapter. There are chosen factors discussed in common with available statistics from Czech Statistical Office and on this continues last part, which is focused on positive and negative effects on society. Recommendations resulting from the work are listed in the end of the thesis.
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