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Air pollution in Moravian-Silesian region and protecting population
PAJURKOVÁ, Romana
Air pollution is extensive problem throughout Moravian-Silesian Region and in addition impacts many lives in so settled agglomeration. Harmful substances that here aloft occur often in several fold go beyond limit for health protection, are toxic to environment and people who live there, therefore it is so important for protection of people to deal with this topic. It is necessary to determine, how much actually air pollution affects the health of the people. Hypothesis H1 deals with question. In cooperation with the Department of Air Protection Hydro meteorological Institute in Ostrava and Regional hygiene station of Moravian-Silesian region, were compared data of the current PM10 pollution particles weekly morbidity and acute respiratory diseases. If condition of the air worsens, sickness does not improve and when air quality is improving, declining disease and acute respiratory infections in the region - between air pollution and health status of the population is correlation. For hypothesis H2 was created questionnaire, and was distributed to resident of region with rate of return of 87 %. The most general questions were answered correctly. The issue came to the question of determining current situation, so H2 hypothesis was confirmed only partially. The only way how to do protecting the population it is functional warning. Also it was investigated by a special comparative method, when resident were warned in which value of the PM10. 38 % residents say, that they were never warned, so the hypothesis H3 was also confirmed partly. After analyzing the problem was created proposal how to deal with this situation in ORP Bohumín case. Inhabitants of the region were divided into two groups. Active group, it is a group of people who have internet connection and do not use it. It was therefore created information leaflet and stickers, whose main task is to attract attention and show the population, where information about current pollution can be found. Part of this leaflet is also notes, in which people were less informed in questionnaire. The second group is passive then ? residents who do not have internet access or they cannot us it. So it was crated a system of rotating information board, and design its location in the ORP Bohumín in an public areas, where accumulate a larger number of people. On such a board could be automatically sent actual time data through network communication. It would be also appropriate add alarm warning system, but its execution would have to be limited to a certain level due to the frequent exceed in most municipalities in the region. There would be also possibility to benefit a warning to citizens through the fire protection of Volunteer firefighter. Especially if was declared by smog situation. Of course there is a also the option to use warning sirens, but I think it such a way of warning could cause unnecessary panic. The following suggestions are valid for both groups. It was displayed map of Low Emission Zone form information available in ORP Bohumín. System of isolation green spaces.. It was also examined whether the type of activity plan prepared long-term inverse situation in the region, but according to HZS does not pose a threat to the region, which would require the declaration of emergency state. So developments of operational plan isn´t necessary yet. However, the time is main aspect for gradual improvement of the warning and informing the population. The results showed that the general awareness of the issue is sufficient, but is also necessary to pay attention to the current situation in order to reduce the health risks to the lowest level. I am not sure that citizens must learn how to reconcile with living in conditions, but they should be patient, of course contribute to improve this situation by for example informing themselves about current pollution.
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Is import of goods from european countries to Czech republic more or less influenced by changes in nominal and real exchange rates than in non european countries?
Vereš, Jan ; Stroukal, Dominik (advisor) ; Slaný, Martin (referee)
This bachelor thesis analyses the connection between import of goods from foreign countries to Czech Republic and the exchange rate changes. The initial hypothesis of this paper is to prove that the depreciation of domestic currency has positive influence on balance of trade balance. For this purpose there is eight econometric models which were created by using time series from years 2003 to 2016. These models are divided in pairs among four chosen countries. For each country two models were created that follow the development of trade balance between Czech Republic and one of the countries in two different time frames. All the models always use the real effective exchange rate, growth rate of GDP for Czech Republic and growth rate of GDP for one of the countries as explanatory variable. It is connected with the second task of this thesis, which is the analysis of the differences in the behaviour of the models that belong to the countries which are members of the EU and these that are not. The aim is to find out whether the existence of tariffs on imported goods from countries out of the EU causes visible differences in the behaviour of the variables that were included in the models. Based on the outcomes of all eight models the main hypothesis has been proved right for three out of four countries. In the models for Germany, China and France the relation of real exchange rate and trade balance came out as positive in long term, in short term the outcome was ambiguous. The second question of this thesis has been answered, but its added value is questionable. The final models for each state do show some noticeable differences and they can be used to determine if the influence of the change of exchange rates on trade balance is smaller or bigger in the countries where tariffs are used. On the other hand, from the results we can learn that the sample of only four countries is insufficient for the deduction of any conclusions.
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The status of women on the labour market in Czech Republic
Skopalíková, Anna ; Chytil, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Čermáková, Klára (referee)
The bachelor thesis addresses discrimination of women on the labour market in Czech Republic. Its aim is to verify hypothesises about the existence of lower mean wages of women and about the existence of discrimination of women on the labour market in Czech Republic. Oaxaca wage differential decomposition which is introduced in the theoretical part of the thesis confirmed the existence of wage differentials between the wages of men and women on the Czech labour market, in selected regions and in selected occupational fields. This confirms the hypothesis about lower mean wages of women. Oaxaca wage differentials decomposition also confirms that the wage gap can be explained in most cases up to 18 %. The second hypothesis is confirmed only partially. The discrimination of women probably exists on the labour market but it is not possible to confirm the size of it. The unexplained component of the wage gap (based on the Oaxaca decomposition) includes besides other things the discrimination coefficient. The size of this coefficient is not possible to determine. The secondary aim of the bachelor thesis is to determine the impact of individual variables on the observed wage gaps. Factors which most often influence the wage gaps are education and age.
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The development of government debt in the Czech Republic from 1993 to 2015
Zeman, Mikuláš ; Klement, Josef (advisor) ; Vebrová, Ludmila (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to analyse the development of government debt in the Czech Republic from 1993 to 2015 with respect to the development of revenues and expenses of national budget as well as the development of macroeconomic indicators. The thesis is focused on evaluation of the economic policy of respective governments during the period and assessment of the effect of political reasons on the development of government debt. It also comprises a comparison of the situation in the Czech Republic with the situation in certain post - communist states. The theoretical part describes main notions the thesis deals with. Eventually it presents thoughts of selected economists on the economic policy. The practical part carries out analysis of the development of government debt in respective periods focusing on revenues and expenses, and the development of selected macroeconomic indicators. Evaluation of the economic policy of respective governments is also included. In its conclusion the thesis assesses an effect of political reasons on the amount of the government debt in view of relevant theories and hypotheses. The analysis showed that under the studied circumstances only one of the hypotheses became evident, namely that a weak position of the government leads to remarkable budgetary deficits.
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Řízení IS/ICT se zaměřením na sourcing služeb informačního systému
Šebesta, Michal ; Voříšek, Jiří (advisor) ; Havlíček, Zdeněk (referee) ; Příklenk, Oldřich (referee) ; Král, Jaroslav (referee)
Research on outsourcing has been around for several decades, while recent evolution in the information systems discipline towards ICT service commoditization significantly changes the context of decision-making. Services that are available on-demand via the Internet allow organizations implementing functions they demand in a fraction of time. This trend represents a chance for organizations seeking to use advanced ICT services without a need of major investments. Problem is the current lack of guidelines and tools for managing ICT services and their outsourcing. Given the trends on the ICT service market, it is expected that much of the IT management in the future will encompass the ICT services and utilize service-level structures. Methods currently available are either too broad or encompass only small part of the whole problem. Ad-hoc or unsound decisions in this area might cause major complications in terms of quality, usability, integration, and consequently influence total cost of organizational IT. Organizations need to either revise existing models or propose and implement completely new models to manage their IS/ICT. This thesis deals with the management of IS/ICT with focus on the ICT services outsourcing. It discusses available sourcing models in the literature and links them to the various interconnected areas. Based on these areas, it presents an integrated view on IT outsourcing strategies. Most importantly the thesis proposes an original concept for decision-making about outsourcing of ICT services named the SOURCER framework. This approach utilizes the presented outsourcing strategies, and introduces a complex methodology and decision-making criteria that will assist organizations with selection of ICT services in order to maintain and manage a most suitable ICT service portfolio. The decision-making is based on four essential viewpoints: function, costs, time, and quality. These viewpoints are discussed, individually analyzed, and serve as a basis for further research. The whole framework is developed and validated according to Design Science Research Methodology (DSRM). Individual components are evaluated using a survey among a group of selected IT managers. Proof of concept is then established by a case study on framework use in a real organization. This case study covers strategy specification, business--IT alignment, specifying service architecture and its interconnections, outsourcing, and management of the ICT service portfolio.
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Clustering and regression analysis of micro panel data
Sobíšek, Lukáš ; Pecáková, Iva (advisor) ; Komárek, Arnošt (referee) ; Brabec, Marek (referee)
The main purpose of panel studies is to analyze changes in values of studied variables over time. In micro panel research, a large number of elements are periodically observed within the relatively short time period of just a few years. Moreover, the number of repeated measurements is small. This dissertation deals with contemporary approaches to the regression and the clustering analysis of micro panel data. One of the approaches to the micro panel analysis is to use multivariate statistical models originally designed for crosssectional data and modify them in order to take into account the within-subject correlation. The thesis summarizes available tools for the regression analysis of micro panel data. The known and currently used linear mixed effects models for a normally distributed dependent variable are recapitulated. Besides that, new approaches for analysis of a response variable with other than normal distribution are presented. These approaches include the generalized marginal linear model, the generalized linear mixed effects model and the Bayesian modelling approach. In addition to describing the aforementioned models, the paper also includes a brief overview of their implementation in the R software. The difficulty with the regression models adjusted for micro panel data is the ambiguity of their parameters estimation. This thesis proposes a way to improve the estimations through the cluster analysis. For this reason, the thesis also contains a description of methods of the cluster analysis of micro panel data. Because supply of the methods is limited, the main goal of this paper is to devise its own two-step approach for clustering micro panel data. In the first step, the panel data are transformed into a static form using a set of proposed characteristics of dynamics. These characteristics represent different features of time course of the observed variables. In the second step, the elements are clustered by conventional spatial clustering techniques (agglomerative clustering and the C-means partitioning). The clustering is based on a dissimilarity matrix of the values of clustering variables calculated in the first step. Another goal of this paper is to find out whether the suggested procedure leads to an improvement in quality of the regression models for this type of data. By means of a simulation study, the procedure drafted herein is compared to the procedure applied in the kml package of the R software, as well as to the clustering characteristics proposed by Urso (2004). The simulation study demonstrated better results of the proposed combination of clustering variables as compared to the other combinations currently used. A corresponding script written in the R-language represents another benefit of this paper. It is available on the attached CD and it can be used for analyses of readers own micro panel data.
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Use of social services by beneficiaries of care allowance.
SEDLÁČKOVÁ, Lucie
The Bachelor's Thesis deals with the issue of the carer's allowance recipients benefiting from social services, which is important and topical in my opinion. Applying the quantitative method of research, I performed a survey based on questionnaires. I divided the respondents into 3 groups to allow questions asked in the questionnaires to cover all types of clients among whom I carried out the research. The group one included persons benefiting from residential care social services; the group two included persons provided with outpatient care or field care social services and the group three included persons who are recipients of the carer's allowance where care is provided by, for example, their family members. The goal of the Bachelor's Thesis was to find out how the recipients dispose of the carer's allowance and whether they are satisfied therewith. Two more partial goals finally resulted from the research in relation in particular to persons belonging to group one. One of the partial goals is whether the respondents are satisfied with the services provided and the other partial goal is whether, according to the respondents, the quality of the provided services corresponds with the financial means that they pay to the services providers. The hypothesis H1: The allowance is used for social services. This hypothesis could be examined among the respondents belonging to groups two and three only. In this case, the hypothesis was not affirmed. In the group three, no respondent utilizes social services and in the group two only 27 respondents out of 80, who were interviewed, benefit from such services. The hypothesis H2: The recipients are satisfied with the carer's allowance amount. This hypothesis was affirmed in a total number of 80 respondents. 48 persons are satisfied with the carer's allowance amount and the remaining 32 respondents said that they were not satisfied. I think that this research may be beneficial for social services providers, as it will find out how the respondents assess the effectiveness of the provided services or whether they would welcome a different alternative available in the area of social services.
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Differences between men and women in the Czech labour market
Stroukal, Dominik ; Kadeřábková, Božena (advisor) ; Pavelka, Tomáš (referee) ; Němec, Otakar (referee)
This thesis consists of five articles that apply current world research on labor economics at the Czech Republic and confirms the significant differences between men and women in this market. It shows that gender has a significant influence on the preference on the labor market and, consequently, on employment and health. First, the thesis shows that preferences are relevant determinant of career and then we study the difference in preference of salary for men and women. Subsequently it shows that gender plays a significant role in explaining the relationship between homeownership, and unemployment, as well as unemployment and health. The first chapter was able to demonstrate that the preference for a career has a positive influence on the choice of career. The influence of higher education on prioritizing career proved to be positive and significant. Probability of a career choice is reduced by the presence of children, however, is not dependent on their number, which is contrary to the theory of preferences. The second chapter shows that Czech women prefer more non-monetary rewards than men. It has also been shown that people with university education are same in the preferences of non-monetary rewards regardless of the gender of the respondents, however, compared to the world's research, the Czech higher education increases this preference. It turned out that women prefer risk less than men. The third chapter demonstrates that although the housing market undermines labor mobility and employment in the Czech Republic at the regional level, therefore, that in regions with a higher rate of home ownership is higher unemployment, at the individual level, the owners of housing are unemployed are less likely. The estimates are significantly different for men and women. Men living in owner-occupied housing have a higher likelihood of employment than women. At regional level, however, this thesis shows that the high rate of home ownership increases unemployment for both men and women, in the long run only to women. The fourth chapter showed that men transition to homeownership reduces the likelihood of unemployment next year. For women, this relationship has proved to be insignificant. In addition, as insignificant showed the opposite relationship, the transition from unemployment to the newly acquired home ownership. The last chapter shows that the change in the working status to unemployment will increase in the future probability of worse health. Influence in less than two years, however, proved to be significant. An important conclusion is that men have a significantly stronger relationship between health and unemployment than women.
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The impact of South China Sea dispute on trade relations between China and Vietnam
Nguyen Hong, Viet ; Vlčková, Jana (advisor) ; Hasík, Gabriel (referee)
This bachelor thesis investigates the impact of South China Sea dispute on mutual relations between China and Socialist Republic of Vietnam. Thesis lays great emphasis on the analysis of mutual trading relations. The goal of this work is to find out if the dispute over territory has negative influence on mutual relations and to what extent. Therefore, thesis is divided into 3 main chapters. The introductory chapter describes position and development of each country. Second chapter uses findings from the introductory part for the analysis of political and trade relations of both countries. It focuses on the history of mutual relations and mainly it lays emphasis on current mutual relations. Last chapter of the thesis is dedicated to the issues regarding South China Sea. Motives and causes of this dispute are described in this chapter. It provides a view on the course of this territorial dispute, and also impacts on mutual relations are analyzed. The output of all three chapters helps to formulate following conclusion. Dispute over South China Sea has impact on mutual relations. Predominantly, it influences political relations between China and Vietnam, therefore, this dispute is often mentioned in media. However, according to available data this dispute has not had major effect on trading relations. Mutual trading between both countries went off in dispute period without any limitations and barriers.
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Case Study - Divorce and its conditions
Kopecká, Veronika ; Spirit, Michal (advisor) ; Jansa, Viktor (referee)
This bachelor thesis centers around divorce issues and its circumstances, which is illustratively demostrated on a real life scenario. For meeting my aims, that is to introduce and characterise divorce as a phenomenon with huge amount of negative social-economical and social-psychological results including causes and mechanisms of divorced family and breakup of marriage, I used a literature that examines this area, followed by comparison of acquired data with a case study. In this thesis, an assumption of negative results of a divorce has been comfirmed, but so has the work of a state to effectively separate a married couple. The benefit of this thesis lies in an opportunity to get acquinted with requisities of a divorced marriage and should the reader be in similar situation when a divorce is imminent or planned for, he can take proper steps by familiarizing with circumstances and results of a divorce.
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