|
Integration in higher-order finite element method in 3D
Kůs, Pavel
Integration of higher-order basis functions is an important issue, that is not as straightforward as it may seem. In traditional low-order FEM codes, the bulk of computational time is a solution of resulting system of linear equations. In the case of higher-order elements the situation is different. Especially in three dimensions the time of integration may represent significant part of the computation.
|
|
Řízení lidí v multikulturním prostředí
Moryc, Katarzyna Małgorzata ; Dvořáková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Vávra, Radovan (referee)
The main objective of the thesis was to define and analyze key aspects of managerial work in multicultural environment, in one of the Shared Services Center department, of multinational company based in Prague, Czech Republic. Further thesis aimed to define essential competencies of the successful manager and leader driving performance of multicultural department and provides recommendations to improve managerial performance in key aspects of manager s work such as communication, motivation, performance management and cross-cultural leadership. It is argued that presence of intercultural interactions between managers and their subordinates, impacts effectiveness of the managerial performance. Thesis consists of theoretical and practical part. First part of the thesis explores theoretical concepts regarding culture, communication, motivation and leadership with respect to multicultural environment specifics. In the second part, used research methods, conducted research analysis and outcomes are presented. Further in practical part recommendation towards analyzed aspects of managerial work that would lead to higher overall department performance are defined.
|
|
The effect of investment in tertiary education on gross wages in the region Prague
Diessner, Daniel ; Chytil, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Babin, Jan (referee)
The aim of this work is to determine whether and how higher education affects gross wages. The theoretical part focuses on the theory of human capital, especially investment in education. The theory posits that a higher investment in human capital leads to higher yield, higher wages. The validity of this concept will be tested on the group of respondents who entered the labour market at the turn of millennium. Concentration of candidates with tertiary education in this period has risen considerably, which could cause an imbalance in the labour market. The practical part is based on the work of Mincer (1974). I used Mincer Earnings Function as a basis to build regression model. Partial aim is to prove the declining rate of return on investment in tertiary education using Mincer Equation.
|
|
Fiscal rules in selected EU countries between 2004-2015: sensible method for consolidation of public finances or fad of politicians?
Veselý, Lukáš ; Strejček, Ivo (advisor) ; Chmelová, Pavla (referee)
The subject of fiscal rules is very topical issue. The rise of public debt in certain developed countries resulted in what is sometimes called "debt crisis". Debt of those countries which is higher than their annual gross domestic product is viewed as unpayable by some economists. The main objective of this thesis has been to prove or disprove hypothesis that the fiscal rules studied in this paper are an effective solution for public finance consolidation. This verification was based on the analysis of fiscal rules functioning in selected countries between 2004 and 2015. As per results of analysis the paper aims to give recommendations for the Czech financial constitution proposal. The actual results of inquiry proved the hypothesis. Well-chosen fiscal rules are the right way towards fiscal consolidation, provided they are observed. Fiscal rules making thus requires an emphasis to be placed on the well-formulated exit clauses altogether with prospective sanctions. The current Czech financial constitution proposal is built on the correctly picked fiscal rule type, although the reference value lacks economic sense and it would not lead, with a high degree of probability, towards fiscal consolidation.
|
|
Tax and legal issues of real-estate business in Austria
Banctel, Kristýna ; Filipová, Vladimíra (advisor) ; Drozen, František (referee)
The purpose of this study is to compare tax and civil-law issues concerning property business in Austria and in Czech Republic in 2016 and to investigate the efficiency of the current legislation against the real estate bubble. The theoretical part of this study contains selected demographic and price statistics concerning real estate in both countries and focuses on the description of the existing law currently in effect in both compared countries. The practical part analyses tax and transactions costs that concern property trading and a comparison of possibilities of amortisations and rentability of a rented flat in both countries.
|
|
The way of consumerism in the interwar Czechoslovakia nn the example of consumption of coffee, cocoa, chocolate and tea.
Syrová, Tereza ; Jakubec, Ivan (advisor) ; Jančík, Drahomír (referee) ; Štemberk, Jan (referee)
Dissertation thesis discusses the consumption of cocoa, coffee, tea and chocolate in the interwar period in the Czechoslovakia. On the basis of statistical data and examination of archival sources comes with the definition of the middle classes of the population, which those commodities consumed. The thesis shows the distribution of consumption of commodities based on the survey in blue-collar and white-collar families. Furthermore provides insight into the lives of families, distribution of their spending and the size of income. It refers to the representation of cocoa, coffee, tea and chocolate in the consumer basket and shows the elasticity of the mentioned commodities. For the central part of the research of the dissertation thesis chose the Czech territory only, because here were without difficulty accessible data sources. The Dissertation thesis clarifies the causes of consuming cocoa, coffee, tea and chocolate and concludes that each was consumed from another purpose, which resulted status of these commodities. Tea consumption has been designed especially for the higher classes of the population, chocolate bought mostly white-collar family, but over twenties speared consumption of chocolate products also among the middle and lower classes into the population. The chocolate products were subject to early 20s of the luxury tax. Cocoa was used in connection with cooking and baking, but families didnt use this product frequently. Coffee drank all layers of the population, but consumption was based on the social status of the consumer. Very frequently families consume rye coffee and chicory coffee. Dissertation thesis also highlights the regional differences between the classes, which were further intensified. Thesis examines in detail the amount of the duties of the commodity, which in the interwar period varied widely, and concludes that the duty to disproportionately increase the price of products and made it impossible for consumers to buy more of cocoa, coffee, tea and chocolate.
|
|
Differences between men and women in the Czech labour market
Stroukal, Dominik ; Kadeřábková, Božena (advisor) ; Pavelka, Tomáš (referee) ; Němec, Otakar (referee)
This thesis consists of five articles that apply current world research on labor economics at the Czech Republic and confirms the significant differences between men and women in this market. It shows that gender has a significant influence on the preference on the labor market and, consequently, on employment and health. First, the thesis shows that preferences are relevant determinant of career and then we study the difference in preference of salary for men and women. Subsequently it shows that gender plays a significant role in explaining the relationship between homeownership, and unemployment, as well as unemployment and health. The first chapter was able to demonstrate that the preference for a career has a positive influence on the choice of career. The influence of higher education on prioritizing career proved to be positive and significant. Probability of a career choice is reduced by the presence of children, however, is not dependent on their number, which is contrary to the theory of preferences. The second chapter shows that Czech women prefer more non-monetary rewards than men. It has also been shown that people with university education are same in the preferences of non-monetary rewards regardless of the gender of the respondents, however, compared to the world's research, the Czech higher education increases this preference. It turned out that women prefer risk less than men. The third chapter demonstrates that although the housing market undermines labor mobility and employment in the Czech Republic at the regional level, therefore, that in regions with a higher rate of home ownership is higher unemployment, at the individual level, the owners of housing are unemployed are less likely. The estimates are significantly different for men and women. Men living in owner-occupied housing have a higher likelihood of employment than women. At regional level, however, this thesis shows that the high rate of home ownership increases unemployment for both men and women, in the long run only to women. The fourth chapter showed that men transition to homeownership reduces the likelihood of unemployment next year. For women, this relationship has proved to be insignificant. In addition, as insignificant showed the opposite relationship, the transition from unemployment to the newly acquired home ownership. The last chapter shows that the change in the working status to unemployment will increase in the future probability of worse health. Influence in less than two years, however, proved to be significant. An important conclusion is that men have a significantly stronger relationship between health and unemployment than women.
|
|
The tax system reduces motivation to return to work among mothers with young children: recommendations and evaluation
Šatava, Jiří
In the Czech Republic, the overall taxation of work, i.e individuals' income tax together with social security and health insurance contributions, places a heavy burden even on the relatively low earnings of so-called second earners in households, i.e. partners with lower earnings. These peoples' work activity is, however, generally very sensitive to the level of taxation. A large group of these earners is made up of mothers with young children. Mothers who are the second earner in their household are subject to a participation tax rate (PTR) up to 30 % higher than their partners, and yet a higher PTR results in lower motivation to work. Women with children and low earning potential are subjected to the highest PTRs in comparison with their partners.
|
|
Food supplements and iodine supplementation in pregnancy
VAVROUŠKOVÁ, Edita
Iodine is a trace element tremendously important for thyroid gland hormone production. It affects normal evolution of brain, especially in the time of intrauterine development and in the first year of child's life. Deficiency of iodine can lead to creation of pregnancy goiter, it also decrease the probability of carrying fetus to term and increase the probability of disorder in psycho-motoric evolution of child. Czech Republic is geographically lined up among the regions with lack of iodine in natural sources and food. However, nowadays the iodine deficiency is considered to be managed. But risk groups of population still exists, especially pregnant women can be endangered by lack of iodine, because the need of iodine intake in pregnancy increases to 200 250 ug per day and this level must be ensured. Consumption of food rich in iodine can cover the increased need of iodine. Significant source of iodine is milk and milk products. Another source is table salt enriched with iodine, but its daily intake is limited. Rich sources of iodine like sea fish, sea products and seaweed rarely occur in our diet. The goal of thesis was to evaluate intake of dietary supplements with iodine by pregnant women and evaluate women's awareness of higher iodine need and iodine food sources. Quantitative research in form of questionnaires was chosen for getting information from higher number of individuals. The questionnaire consists of 15 questions. Answers were gained from 118 respondents living in Central Bohemia, Moravia-Silesia region, Liberec region, region Highlands and South Bohemia. Questionnaire was distributed to gynecological ambulances by employees of State health institution. I visited gynecological ambulances in South Bohemia personally. By evaluation of questionnaire was found out that dietary supplement with iodine use 63 % pregnant women in researched population. All respondents always use only one type of dietary supplement. Among the most used belong "Chytré miminko", "GS mamavit" and "Femibion 800". 68 % of respondents know the importance of higher iodine intake in time of pregnancy. Question about daily recommended dosage was correctly answered only by 35 % of respondents. As a food sources of iodine the pregnant women know sea fishes, sea products, seaweed and table salt enriched with iodine. But 90 % of respondents are not familiar with milk and milk products as important source of iodine. Pregnant women should be better informed about importance of sufficient supply of iodine and about sources of iodine by gynecological ambulances. Information about mentioned issues should occur in magazines, education materials and internet articles more often. Respondents were notified of issues and important role of iodine in time of pregnancy by questionnaire. It is very probable that women found correct answers on the internet or in publication for expectant mothers after filling in the questionnaire.
|
|
Infection risks of nursers at the inpatient wards
KUČÍRKOVÁ, Alena
Theoretical backround Working as a nurse is one the most human jobs, by serving to people, taking care and preserve health of a human, which is considered to be the highest value of human life for centuries. The aim of nurses is to take care of a human, to mitigate his or her symptoms and to comfort the life till its end if there is no possibility for full recovery. While they do previously described most of them are not aware of a need to take into account also their own health and especially protection against all dangerous microbes. In my bachelor thesis I analyse infection diseases sometimes also called occupational infections which are the most dangerous for nurses. All occupational infections are stated here together with their descriptions. In following parts of this thesis there are hygiene requirements on the workspace and finally in the last section hygienic-epidemic actions in a health care system are described. Objectives of this thesis Objective 1 Determine whether nurses comply with preventive actions against risks of infections. Objective 2 Determine whether nurses know risks of infections at patients departments. Objective 3 Determine whether nurses know how to defend their spread. Research questions Research Question 1: How do nurses protect themselves against risks of infections? Research Question 2: What information do nurses have about risks of infections in health care system? Research Question 3: In which way do nurses prevent the spread of infection to a de- partment? Methodology The bachelor thesis presents a qualitative research. Methods and techniques of a data collection, which we used in the work were participant observation and semi-structured interviews. The survey was carried out with 6 respondents in anesthesiology and resuscitation departments, surgical and internal intensive care units and intermediate care unit at Nemocnice České Budějvice a.s. The research method of an active observation was used during the survey. We observed certain facts that were recorded during the observation to a observation sheet (Appendix 4) and then transcribed and analysed. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews. The interview was conducted with the same respondents who were observed and recorded in a written form and then overwritten (Appendix 6). Results The results of the observations in the research study showed that nurses unfortunately do not comply with barrier nursing techniques as much as they should. The only thing that they fully comply with the overall finish, wear prescribed clothing and collection of biological material according to hygienic principles. Worse situation was in the using of protective equipment, disinfection and hand washing and eating food, where it did not comply 100%. In the next part of the research we focused on interviews with the observed respondents, the purpose was to find things that could not be identified by the only observing. The results showed that nurses do not even have much theoretical knowledge as regards to a occupational infection, or an injury treatment procedure when infected by an object. Conclusion The survey showed that while most nurses have a clue about good practices and knowledge of the occupational infections and hygienic-epidemiological measures ,but unfortunately theory is different from practice in which these things too oblivious. It emerged that unfortunately practice is different than the theory that we learn at universities and colleges.
|
guest ::
