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The value of life from macroenomic point of view in United States of America, Czech republic and Russia between years 2007-2014
Antoš, Michal ; Zeman, Martin (advisor) ; Brabec, Petr (referee)
The subject of this bachelor thesis is the research of the value of life calculation in the Czech republic, United states of America and Russia in 2007-2014.The main purpose is to analyze and compare values of life and major factors influencing them. The hypothesis is that value of life differs in selected countries due to distinctions of sections influencing them. The theoretical part is devoted to sections directly or indirectly influencing values of life, and then analyzing and comparing them together within the selected countries. The selected sections are education, health care, labor market, inequality and living standards. The practical thesis approach is to calculate the values of life for the individual states. The values of life are calculated for so called, representative individual, who is 40-years old citizen of selected country. In the period, in which is the value of life calculated, the retirement age and life expectancy are also considered in formula. Calculated values are examined and the economic and political measures are offered to the states, which can turn into significant increases in the value of life in future.
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Korupce v křesťanském národě: „Ovlivňuje křesťanská víra úroveň korupce ve společnosti?“
Kraus, František ; Houdek, Petr (advisor) ; Svoboda, Miroslav (referee)
What are the determinants of corruption? This thesis builds upon contemporary approaches to assessing the level of corruption in different countries using purely economic determinants such as the aggregate income, level of education, openness to trade or taxation. This method is further enhanced by involving variables mapping the religiosity of the surveyed states as institutional determinants. Faith works as an agent that reduces selfish behavior and stresses moral values, thus it should prove to reduce corruption. The dataset involves data of 30 countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) in the years 1999-2010. Two independent OLS models are set up using corruption perception indicators as endogenous variables; one with purely economic determinants, and the other with added religious determinants of corruption. Expansion of the model gives out a more robust set of results with greater determination. The results show that increasing number of Protestants in a society correlates with lower levels of corruption. The effect of the government spending on education has been considerably reduced after involving the religious variables. However, corruption does not seem to be influenced by the percentage of Christians in total population.
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Fiscal rules in selected EU countries between 2004-2015: sensible method for consolidation of public finances or fad of politicians?
Veselý, Lukáš ; Strejček, Ivo (advisor) ; Chmelová, Pavla (referee)
The subject of fiscal rules is very topical issue. The rise of public debt in certain developed countries resulted in what is sometimes called "debt crisis". Debt of those countries which is higher than their annual gross domestic product is viewed as unpayable by some economists. The main objective of this thesis has been to prove or disprove hypothesis that the fiscal rules studied in this paper are an effective solution for public finance consolidation. This verification was based on the analysis of fiscal rules functioning in selected countries between 2004 and 2015. As per results of analysis the paper aims to give recommendations for the Czech financial constitution proposal. The actual results of inquiry proved the hypothesis. Well-chosen fiscal rules are the right way towards fiscal consolidation, provided they are observed. Fiscal rules making thus requires an emphasis to be placed on the well-formulated exit clauses altogether with prospective sanctions. The current Czech financial constitution proposal is built on the correctly picked fiscal rule type, although the reference value lacks economic sense and it would not lead, with a high degree of probability, towards fiscal consolidation.
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Determination of threshold values of components with protective layers
Náhlík, Luboš ; Bareš, Pavel
The contribution is focused on the influence of existing fatigue cracks in protective layers on fatigue life of structures with protective layers. The problem is solved under conditions of linear elastic fracture mechanics with help of finite element method. Is shown, that in the case of the hard protective layer on the ductile substrate represents existing crack with its tip on the bi-material interface dangerous singular stress concentrator, because of decrease of threshold values of applied loading necessary for crack propagation. Knowledge of crack propagation in protective film is of paramount importance when studying potential failure of the substrate.
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Registered (prescribed) capital of capital companies, its creation and protection
Mancelová, Silvia ; Černá, Stanislava (advisor) ; Zahradníčková, Marie (referee)
Résumé Authorized Capital of Stock Companies, its Formation and Protection Czech legal regulations related to authorized capital stem from the European concept of the real formation and preservation of the authorized capital that leads particularly to providing minimum guarantee rate of the stock company to its creditors. Authorized capital is an abstract number and it expresses the financial value of assets invested in the stock capital by its partners. The Commercial Code shall expressly stipulate the duty of authorized capital formation for the limited liability company as well as joint-stock company. The duty to form authorized capital at their formation may be indirectly permitted also for limited partnerships. In professional literature, the three basic functions of authorized capital are traditionally listed. Guarantee function, authorized capital as profit and loss measure and authorized capital as a mean to specify partner's share in the company. The concept of real authorized capital formation adopted by most European legal systems is based on achieving correspondence between the authorized capital and real capital and capital preservation through protective rules. Legislator's protective tools include the ban on return of deposits, ban on acquiring own company shares, compulsory reserve fund...
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Assessing economic development of the company Clasic Cotton Ltd
Leschtinová, Anna ; Boukal, Petr (advisor) ; Klečka, Jiří (referee)
The Bachelor's Thesis "Assessing economic development of the company Clasic Cotton Ltd" aims to evaluate the financial health of the company through the economic analysis. The analysis is developed over a period of five years, from 2009 to 2013. The theoretical part describes the chosen methods of the analysis. The practical part is first introduced by Clasic Cotton Ltd. and subsequently analyzed in its environment. Among the methods used include - absolute indicators, ratios , pyramid decomposition Du Pont, economic value added, bankruptcy models and more. In conclusion, the analysis results are summarized and on their basis the development of the company is evaluated.
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Injection moulding technology of thermoplastics
Mikulík, David ; Přikryl, Radek (referee) ; Kučera, František (advisor)
The work deals with optimization of the technological mode of injection moulding of test specimens 1A of semicrystalline PP and amorphous PS. It also explores the influence of technological mode changes on the crystallinity of a semi-crystalline PP. Was set the reference technological mode for each of the polymers and subsequently changed the value of the injection temperature, mold temperature, the volume when you switch to holding pressure, injection and holding pressure. After relaxation of injection for time 24 h, and the mouldings and dogbones were weighed and thickness were measured at selected points. From the dogbones made of PP samples were taken for differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and crystallinity was examined. From the observed weight and thickness of dogbones were determined optimal technological modes for semi-crystalline PP and amorphous PS. Examining the influence of technological change modes on the crystallinity showed no clear dependence. Furthermore, it was found that the processing of a semicrystalline PP injection moulding reduces the value of crystallinity of the polymer, compare to starting PP granulate.
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Education, values and the teenagers
Tischler, Daniel ; Eliáš, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Opatrný, Aleš (referee)
Resumé Současný stav naší mládeže je k otázkám náboženství poměrně složitý. Na jedné straně česká ateistická kotlina má vůči náboženství, včetně náboženství křesťanského poměrně dost velkou nedůvěru. Na druhé straně česká mládež, stejně tak jako česká dospělá společnost má náboženské potřeby, tudíž se o náboženské otázky sice zajímají, ale odpověď, kterou jim nabízí tradiční církve je zcela neuspokojuje. Tato skutečnost je příležitostí k pronikání nových náboženských směrů, které v posledních letech do naší země poměrně ochotně difundují a zakotvují se . I přes tyto výše vyjmenované skutečnosti má u nás největší vliv na mládež katolická církev. Ovšem, většina z mladých lidí, jež se k církvi hlásí, se s ní ne vždy plně identifikuje. Nežijí život plně včleněný do farnosti, do společenství; ve velké většině jsou to spíše občasné návštěvy bohoslužeb, na venkově přežívající tradiční rity apod. Hodnoty, především ty socializační jako jsou náboženské víry nesou v sobě vždy jisté procesy zobecnění, jisté koncepce, které jsou zaznamenatelné především v rovině etických měřítek. Etické hodnoty stanovují, jakým způsobem realizovat svůj život a svá přání. Proto v otázce hodnot je z hlediska křesťanské pedagogiky (obecně by to mělo platit také) nejvíce hodnotné to, co je eticky dobré a správné. Co je eticky dobré a...
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