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Italian system of controlled designation of origines for wines - existing labels, their importance for producers, market and consumers
KOLÁŘOVÁ, Jaroslava
The Bachelor thesis focus on the topic The Italian system of Controlled Designations of Origin for Wines - Existing Appellations, Their Importance for Producers, Market and Consumers. The thesis is divided in two parts. The first of them focuses on the history of the wine classification in the area of current Italy, the wine categories currently used for wines/the roots of the current indications for wines which originated in France and the process of improving the marking of the Italian wines during the last fifty years. The second part is devoted to the recent reform of the common organisation of the market in wine that introduced the use of two European Quality labels 'Protected Geographical Indication' and 'Protected Designation of Origin' for wines. This part also describes when and how European standarts were implemented as national standards. In the conclusion there is characterized the importance of the wine designation for producers, market and consumers. The Bachelor thesis contains the summary in Italian.
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Tax and legal issues of real-estate business in Austria
Banctel, Kristýna ; Filipová, Vladimíra (advisor) ; Drozen, František (referee)
The purpose of this study is to compare tax and civil-law issues concerning property business in Austria and in Czech Republic in 2016 and to investigate the efficiency of the current legislation against the real estate bubble. The theoretical part of this study contains selected demographic and price statistics concerning real estate in both countries and focuses on the description of the existing law currently in effect in both compared countries. The practical part analyses tax and transactions costs that concern property trading and a comparison of possibilities of amortisations and rentability of a rented flat in both countries.
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Clustering and regression analysis of micro panel data
Sobíšek, Lukáš ; Pecáková, Iva (advisor) ; Komárek, Arnošt (referee) ; Brabec, Marek (referee)
The main purpose of panel studies is to analyze changes in values of studied variables over time. In micro panel research, a large number of elements are periodically observed within the relatively short time period of just a few years. Moreover, the number of repeated measurements is small. This dissertation deals with contemporary approaches to the regression and the clustering analysis of micro panel data. One of the approaches to the micro panel analysis is to use multivariate statistical models originally designed for crosssectional data and modify them in order to take into account the within-subject correlation. The thesis summarizes available tools for the regression analysis of micro panel data. The known and currently used linear mixed effects models for a normally distributed dependent variable are recapitulated. Besides that, new approaches for analysis of a response variable with other than normal distribution are presented. These approaches include the generalized marginal linear model, the generalized linear mixed effects model and the Bayesian modelling approach. In addition to describing the aforementioned models, the paper also includes a brief overview of their implementation in the R software. The difficulty with the regression models adjusted for micro panel data is the ambiguity of their parameters estimation. This thesis proposes a way to improve the estimations through the cluster analysis. For this reason, the thesis also contains a description of methods of the cluster analysis of micro panel data. Because supply of the methods is limited, the main goal of this paper is to devise its own two-step approach for clustering micro panel data. In the first step, the panel data are transformed into a static form using a set of proposed characteristics of dynamics. These characteristics represent different features of time course of the observed variables. In the second step, the elements are clustered by conventional spatial clustering techniques (agglomerative clustering and the C-means partitioning). The clustering is based on a dissimilarity matrix of the values of clustering variables calculated in the first step. Another goal of this paper is to find out whether the suggested procedure leads to an improvement in quality of the regression models for this type of data. By means of a simulation study, the procedure drafted herein is compared to the procedure applied in the kml package of the R software, as well as to the clustering characteristics proposed by Urso (2004). The simulation study demonstrated better results of the proposed combination of clustering variables as compared to the other combinations currently used. A corresponding script written in the R-language represents another benefit of this paper. It is available on the attached CD and it can be used for analyses of readers own micro panel data.
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The Conclusion of a Contract under the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods in Comparison with Czech National Legislation
Krčálová, Kristýna ; Boháček, Martin (advisor) ; Levý, Jan (referee)
This Master's thesis focuses on the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG), better known as the Vienna Convention. The main purpose of this thesis is to evaluate conditions for application of this international treaty and to assess the contracting process under the CISG including the similarities and differences with the Czech national legislation. Finally, it seeks an answer to the question, which of these rules (international or national) are more advantageous for a Czech contractual party with respect to concluding a contract. The thesis is divided into five parts. The first one represents an introduction to the CISG, its origin and the Czech Republic's attitude to it. The second part identifies the conditions for application of the CISG and therefore defines a subject and an object of an international contract of sale under the CISG. Both third and fourth parts gradually introduce two phases of the contracting process (offer and acceptance) including the relevant case-law. The last chapter strives to complete the contracting process with an analysis of the exact moment, when a contract is concluded, as well as with an analysis of a potential battle of the forms and its impact on a contract conclusion.
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The Sunday Christ
Záruba - Pfeffermann, Josef ; Royt, Jan (advisor) ; Kubík, Viktor (referee) ; Klípa, Jan (referee)
The work is a monograph on the late medieval devotional image of Sunday Christ (Feiertagschristus, Christo della Domenica, Svjeta Nedelja, Christ du dimanche, Sváteční Kristus). The main aim of this research was to create a complete catalogue of all examples of the "Sunday Christ" image and explain its origins and development. Origins of this image are found in the various conceptions of the continual Christ's suffering for our sins. The author is using the recent bibliography on this image (Koman, Reiss, and Rigaux) but the concept of the development is based more on the definition by Gertrud Schiller. The origins are seen in the mystical images from the cloister environment.- Sponsus pierced by Sponsa, Mystical nailing, nailing with various tools, Arma Christi, fabrication of Arma Christi, and other motifs found especially in the art of female convents. The pastoral care of nuns was usually practiced by Dominicans and other preaching orders, which probably modified some of the images of perpetual passion for the use of laity. As a certain reflection of this contemplative phase we may consider the Casatanense Manuscript (Rome, MS 1404) and mystical visions of Archbishop John of Jenstein, (1379) which included an ecclesiastical image of Christ attacked by Christians. The mural paintings had been painted in...
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Influence of meadow management on the migration behavior of selected species of butterflies
Bubová, Terezie ; Langrová, Iva (advisor) ; Farkač, Jan (referee)
Migrations are the key process and one of the basic biological features, which allow survival of endangered species in fragmented landscape. In the last decades, agriculture intensification, industry and urbanization caused that number of natural butterfly habitats has significantly decreased. The localities originally suitable for butterflies are currnetly converted to farmland or building plots. This PhD thesis aimed to find a compromise solution of meadow management, which should allow a commercial use and concurrently do not jeopardize the continued existence of endangered or threatened species. The main idea of this study was in the intentional emigration causing in the middle of flight period, which should lead into resettlement of the population to another (potentially more suitable) locality. Possibility of aimed manipulation with butterfly emigrations would be considered as a major breakthrough in their protection.
The investigated species Phengaris nausithous (Bergsträsser, 1779) and Phengaris teleius (Bergsträsser, 1779) are both considered to be flagship species for protection of European butterflies at open meadows. This study is based on research, which was carried out in 2013-2015 at 17 patch in localities Dolní Labe, Czech Republic. In above mentioned years, one selected meadow was mowed in the middle of flight season and the emigrations were then monitored using mark-release-recapture method. Results of population and migration characteristics were calculated in MARK 8.1 software. Subsequently, the effect of mowing on emigration (comparison of emigrations from the meadow before and after mowing) was evaluated using Statistica 13.
The hypotheses of this study were based on the assumption, that the loss of resources after well-timed mowing should increase the activity of adult butterflies. During the monitoring, number of emigrations was increased only in flight season 2015. Unfortunately, the statistical evaluation did not show significant effect of mowing on migrations. On the other hand, the hypothesis dealing with colonization of nearest meadows was confirmed.
Effect of intentional emigration caused by management interventions was unfortunately not proved. However, we found out, that even though the population at one mowed meadow decreased clearly, the metapopulation size at the locality remained more or less stable.
At investigated (mowed) meadow, there was observed a sharp decline of P. nausithous abundance. On the other hand, P. teleius population was only slightly reduced. It is therefore conceivable, that P. teleius are not as susceptible to innapropriate term of mowing. The results obtained in our research conclusively displayed no possible positive effect of mowing in the middle of flight season and a necessity of suitable management maintenance at localities inhabited by Phengaris butterflies.
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Plagiarism in Text Documents: Applications Revealing Elements of Plagiarism
Trachtová, Monika ; Přibil, Jiří (advisor) ; Váchová, Lucie (referee)
This bachelor's thesis focuses on issue of plagiarism in text documents. It explains the basic concept of plagiarism, its legislation and the law from which it is based. It defines the typology of plagiarism and the reasons of their origin. Furthermore, the bachelor's thesis focuses on existing applications of plagiarism detection in text documents and their detailed description. In the practical part will deal with analysis of selected applications. Their uses and as-sessment the quality of the results.
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Problems of language and subject in Paul Ricoeur's philosophy
Miškovský, Miloš ; Němec, Václav (referee) ; Čapek, Jakub (advisor)
This work is engaged in a problematic of language and its relation to a subjectivity, as it is presented above all in Paul Ricoeur's book, called Le conflit des interprétations. Ricoeur own position is formed by confrontation of three important intelectual systems of twentieth century: structuralism, psychoanalysis and phenomenology. In structural linguistics the language means first of all langue, certain closed system of signes, based on own interior laws and relations, which is absolutly independent on the exterior (non-linguistic) reality. Ricoeur wants to overcome this simplifying view and show, that language is something in which somebody says something about something. He wants to return back to language in which we speak and he makes it by ascending from a lower to a higher level of sentence. In a philosophical reinterpretation of Freud's psychoanalysis is refused a traditional belief, that we can found the origin of language in a consciousness. On the contrary it si shown, that the deepest base of langauge is in a unconsciousness. Thanks to that it is revealed an ontological foundation of this phenomenon, that before I speak, I am.
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The Financial Arbiter in the Czech Republic
Rázová, Ilona ; Marková, Hana (advisor) ; Vybíral, Roman (referee)
The goal of this bachelor's thesis is to offer an explanation of issues connected with out-of-court settlements of disputes between financial institutions and their clients in the Czech Republic. It is represented by the Financial Arbiter, whose office was established for the purpose of harmonization of Czech law and that of the European Unions countries on 1st January 2003 through the Act No. 229/2002, concerning Financial Arbitration. This thesis deals with the origins of this post, legal basis for position of the Financial Arbiter in Czech law and his role and importance within the financial market. An important part is created with the analysis of the proceedings in front of the Financial Arbiter from its principles to the conclusion. Sample cases, which the Financial Arbiter handled, including types of solutions, are also researched. Finally, international cooperation is described in this thesis. And furthermore, there is also a similar institute working in the Great Britain mentioned in order to compare both of these offices.
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Selected BRICS countries in global commodity markets
Kocháňová, Lucie ; Müller, Štěpán (advisor) ; Taušer, Josef (referee)
Present bachelor's thesis has the aim to analyze particular countries of the BRICS group with regard to their position on the international commodity markets. The countries are the Federative republic of Brazil and Russian federation. For a brief introduction into the problem I shortly describe the origin and functioning of the commodity market and its derivates at the beginning of my work. As next I focus on characterising the BRICS group as a whole, each member's economic situation and the structure of their commodity exchange with the world. In the fundamental parts of thesis I concentrate on commodity facilities of both countries, countrie's specifications, current issues and existing trade between the Czech republic and both states. The issue of reciprocal trade and it's perspectives is further developed in the last chapter.
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