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Old age as a social event
PAVLIŠOVÁ, Ludmila
Abstract Old age as a social event The Old Age is a natural period of life. This period brings wisdom, insight, sense of fulfillment, but physical, mental and social changes occur at the same time. A retirement is a fundamental change in this period. How do these changes actually affect the senior life? Some individuals are not ready for these changes and they do not know what to do, how to cope with their Old Age. And therefore it is a very important thing not to underestimate the retirement preparation process. Attitudes of the majority population to the seniors are among others influenced also by the media which constitute key factors in the society involved in a social construction of the reality and in a socialization of all generations. The population ageing has an impact not only to intergenerational relationships but also to a subjective experience of the Old Age. The senior issues cannot be only reduced to the issue of the pension reform but there will be necessary to deal with the status of a senior in the society, the recognition of a senior contribution, questions of the their upbringing and education, a media presentation of the senior issues, an adaptation of services to the needs of the seniors, to the senior fashion, transportation, environment... The aim of my bachelor thesis was to acquaint with particular consequences of the retirement (coping with the retirement, positive and negative aspects of a pension, a health state and plans of seniors for the future). In the course of my work I respected a personality of each person and his or her attitude to the life. My research aim was to find out whether seniors perceive their retirement as a social event in the meaning of a change in their social status. The partial aim was to characterize factors that most influence the perception of the Old Age. I think that the aims were met. I chose a qualitative form of the research using a narrative dialogue method and an inquiry. The research sample consisted of seniors older than sixty five years who are retired and live in the region of Tábor. Results of my thesis show that the retirement preparation and adaption process is very important. In order to get to a gradual change of the lifestyle, a transitional phase between the unemployment and the retirement is necessary. Seniors need to familiarize with a new situation and how to cope with it. The senior economic situation is getting worse with the retirement as well. It is obvious that senior living standard has got its own social significance and that indicates, in a certain way, their social status. The results of the conducted research show that seniors perceive their position in the society negatively and they consider their retirement as a social event with a meaning of a change in their social status. A declaration of the above mentioned European Year for Active Ageing and Intergenerational Solidarity is therefore considered to be a useful step in the process of the coping with consequences of demographic changes in the Czech Republic. The theme concerning seniors is currently very timely, because with the demographic development the number of seniors is still increasing not only in the Czech Republic but also in the whole Europe. The society warns about an inappropriate behavior of younger generation towards seniors. Therefore I believe that my thesis will serve to a creation of a more comprehensive picture of the Old Age from the perspective of the seniors.
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Quality of Senior´s Life in Residential Facilities of Social Services
MATLASOVÁ, Kateřina
Today´s society starts to be intensively interested in life in general and old people´s quality of life, therefore I decided to focus this diploma thesis on seniors´ quality of life in social service facilities. The given goals were to map and assess the quality of seniors? life in chosen social service facilities in a former Jindřichův Hradec district, to compare the quality of seniors´ life in three facilities of the same social services in the frame of the former Jindřichův Hradec district and also to compare the seniors´ quality of life in different social service facilities. The research of this work was made due to a qualitative form. A semi-standardized (semi-controlled) interview survey method and a qualitative observation method, which was used to get the assumed goals of the whole work, were used. To get the aims I used an interview method which was done in Senior Apartment in Jindřichův Hradec, České Velenice and Budíškovice as well as in an apartment with day care in Jindřichův Hradec. It was also used a scale questionnaire called WHO DAS II as a complementary technique in all the social service facilities. The following hypotheses were made out in keeping with the given goals of this diploma thesis. The first hypothesis ? the more social active actions were offered in the frame of provided social services, the higher is the users´ quality of life of this service. The second hypothesis ? users of this service have higher quality of life in the district town than users of this service provided in a municipality with inhabitants less than 10 000. The third hypothesis ? users? quality of life in day care facilities is higher than users´ quality of life of a senior apartment. The given hypotheses were confirmed. We can say old people´s quality of life has been improved in the comparison with last years. I would recommend solving this problem with good communication and feedback which is necessary to find out how seniors are satisfied with services in facilities. It is also very important to keep each client´s private which leads to the feeling of certainty and safeness.
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The system and the financing system of psychiatric care in the Czech Republic in the period 2010-2016
Křížová, Natálie ; Lukášová, Tereza (advisor) ; Bartůsková, Lucia (referee)
The bachelor thesis focuses on mental health, which is becoming a socio-economic problem these days. Since there is a constant prevalence of patients with mental illnesses and thus an increase of a burden in the economic system, this work explains the system of psychiatric care, which is crucial for the future development of mental health of Czech population. Based on the analysis of the issue it is evident that the effort to manage the care system to community care will do not contribute to the reduction of treatment costs, but on the other hand, will facilitate the accessibility to psychiatric facilities for patients. The funding of psychiatric care is not based on the national health system, which influences the direction of a large part of the funds for treatment in psychiatric hospitals.
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The consequences of the monetary reforms in Czechoslovakia in 1953
Martincová, Petra ; Chalupecký, Petr (advisor) ; Szobi, Pavel (referee)
The thesis focuses on monetary reform in Czechoslovakia in 1953. It concentrates especially on the impact of monetary reform on the population. Based on the hypothesis that the economic situation of the state and of the population has not improved as the monetary reform planned. The thesis describes postwar period of Czechoslovakia for a better evaulating and understanding of the monetary reform. The conclusion of the thesis is that monetary reform didn´t increase economic growth and damaged greatly all social strata of the population. The way how the monetary reform was proclaimed caused loosing population´s confidence in the government and in the currency.
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The analysis of the system of tertiary education in the Czech republic focused on prepared university reform from 2006 to 2015
Poupová, Jana ; Procházka, Pavel (advisor) ; Lukášová, Tereza (referee)
This bachelor thesis analyses the system of tertiary education in the Czech Republic, especially the way of funding of this system and the reform of the system of funding, implementation of tuition-fees on public universities. This topic had been actual until year 2015 and it is highly probable that it becomes more actual in following years again. In the teoretical part of the thesis, there are described in details the system of tertiary education in the Czech republic, the process and main points off the reform of tertiary education and there is also briefly described the system of tertiary education in Great Britain. The practical part of the thesis verifies by questionnaire survey the possibility of implementation of tuition-fees on universities and examines the impatcs of this implementation. In case of implementation of tuition-fees, as it was planned according to the reform of tertiary education, the number of university students would decrease by 47,3 %. In conclusion, some possible reccomendations are designed, which are suitable in case of implementation of tuition-fees.
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Fiscal rules in selected EU countries between 2004-2015: sensible method for consolidation of public finances or fad of politicians?
Veselý, Lukáš ; Strejček, Ivo (advisor) ; Chmelová, Pavla (referee)
The subject of fiscal rules is very topical issue. The rise of public debt in certain developed countries resulted in what is sometimes called "debt crisis". Debt of those countries which is higher than their annual gross domestic product is viewed as unpayable by some economists. The main objective of this thesis has been to prove or disprove hypothesis that the fiscal rules studied in this paper are an effective solution for public finance consolidation. This verification was based on the analysis of fiscal rules functioning in selected countries between 2004 and 2015. As per results of analysis the paper aims to give recommendations for the Czech financial constitution proposal. The actual results of inquiry proved the hypothesis. Well-chosen fiscal rules are the right way towards fiscal consolidation, provided they are observed. Fiscal rules making thus requires an emphasis to be placed on the well-formulated exit clauses altogether with prospective sanctions. The current Czech financial constitution proposal is built on the correctly picked fiscal rule type, although the reference value lacks economic sense and it would not lead, with a high degree of probability, towards fiscal consolidation.
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Tax and legal issues of real-estate business in Austria
Banctel, Kristýna ; Filipová, Vladimíra (advisor) ; Drozen, František (referee)
The purpose of this study is to compare tax and civil-law issues concerning property business in Austria and in Czech Republic in 2016 and to investigate the efficiency of the current legislation against the real estate bubble. The theoretical part of this study contains selected demographic and price statistics concerning real estate in both countries and focuses on the description of the existing law currently in effect in both compared countries. The practical part analyses tax and transactions costs that concern property trading and a comparison of possibilities of amortisations and rentability of a rented flat in both countries.
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The impact of the economic cycle to finance the defense of the Czech republic in years 2004-2014
Heres, Ondřej ; Chmelová, Pavla (advisor) ; Strejček, Ivo (referee)
This bachelor work examines the impact of economic performance on financing the defense sector in the Czech Republic in the years 2004-2014. The main questions are whether this influence is clear and the extent to which is essential for funding this sector. The work also provides a basic overview about development and structure of the Ministry of Defence budget in these years. The theoretical part contains theories of business cycle and public sector and briefly introduces the basic institutions that are tasked to provide a defense. The analytic part analyzes the expenditures and revenues of the Ministry of Defence and assesses their mutual influence and simultaneously the influence of GDP on these indicators. To compare with previous findings, the GPD growth rate and the growth rate of defense expenditures in selected countries of NATO are analyzed in brief in the last chapter. While findings based on data from the Ministry of Defence have rather anticyclical development of defense expenditures, in selected countries of NATO, the development is more procyclical. It highlights the very ambiguous impact of the economic cycle on expenditures in the defense sector.
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Strategic Trade Policy in Defence and Security Industry
Neumannová, Pavla ; Žamberský, Pavel (advisor) ; Jiránková, Martina (referee)
The master thesis is devoted to a nontraditional, however, in the todays world to a very current topic, arms industry and its support. The thesis connects the theoretical concept of the strategic trade policy (defined by P. Krugman or J. Brander) to its practical interpretation and application in the defence and security industry. The first chapter explains the strategic trade policy using the Brander Spencer analysis. The topic of the second chapter is strategic industries and this chapter answers the question whether the defence and security industry is a strategic industry or not. The third chapter analyses the possibilities of the support of DSI and compares approaches of different EU member states. The last chapter is devoted to the solution of this problem. The main contribution of this thesis is a new interpretation of the strategic trade policy, analysis of the importance of the defence and security industry and its support and suggestion of practical measures for Czech companies and for the Czech Ministry of Defence.
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Supervision of volunteers in nonprofit organizations
Beerová, Michala ; Kopecký, Martin (advisor) ; Šerák, Michal (referee)
The theme of the presented bachelor thesis is the process of supervision and the volunteerism. Volunteering is an important subject in today's society and essentials workforce in social work. The aim of this work is to focus on the non-profit sector and try to describe it. Furthermore, there is an explanation of the position of volunteers in these organizations and supervision in social work. Supervision is one of the managerial function in non-profit organizations, which is widely and long-term applied. The thesis wants to show basics, consequences and benefits of volunteer's supervision. Providing supervision is one of the main objectives of the organization to support staff or their volunteers. This bachelor thesis explores volunteering and supervision in two countries, the Czech Republic and Sweden. This thesis compares two different approaches, based on history of these two countries. Volunteering and supervision are very interesting features of the non-profit organizations. The practical part of this thesis comprises from qualitative investigation of different nonprofit organizations. The organizations were interviewed to get information about the purpose of the volunteering, educational potential of supervision and the current situation of volunteer supervision there. The aim of this investigation...
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