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UNCLOS and the role of the United States in the South China Sea
Kaňková, Michaela ; Hornát, Jan (advisor) ; Pondělíček, Jiří (referee)
This Master's thesis is focusing on why the United States of America never ratified the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. It is analysing the prevailing arguments which were used in 1982, which led to President Ronald Reagan never ratifying the Convention. As well as why the same thing happened in 1994 when the United Nations agreed on an Update to the Convention. Then the thesis is focusing on crucial parts of the Convention, which are part of the arguments for or against the ratification of the Convention, as well as those which have a great influence on the American approach to the high seas. Furthermore, this thesis is trying to offer a current insight into the problematic of why the United States still did not ratify the Convention, despite the fact that they used the Convention as an explanation why they patron the high seas as well as the right of innocent passage. At the same time, the findings are then looked at from the perspective of the South China Sea, which is a region the United States monitor. This last part is attempting to do several things. First, it is explaining the issue of the South China Sea and the interest of the United States in it. Then it is looking at the way by which the United States try to promote their interests in the region on how the fact them...
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Repealing NAFTA: The impact on international trade with focus on Mexico
Kolář, Daniel ; Semerák, Vilém (advisor) ; Cazachevici, Alina (referee)
The North American Free Trade Agreement came into force in 1994 after long and emotive discussions. When Donald Trump became the US president in 2016, its future became uncertain, which motivates this paper to attempt to quantify the impact of its repeal. To do that, it uses a standard GTAP general equilibrium model and models an increase of intra-NAFTA tariffs to the derived MFN rates. It finds that NAFTA repeal would notably reduce intra-NAFTA trade and have a modest but negative impact on countries' welfare. NAFTA repeal is estimated to decrease Canadian GDP by 0.48%, US GDP by 0.39% and Mexican GDP by 0.06%. It would severely damage US-Mexico value chains and increase income inequality in Mexico by hurting unskilled workers more. Additional simulations are performed to control for variation in sectoral MFN rates and to observe the sensitivity of results to the choice of closure. The only positive of NAFTA repeal is that it might mitigate regional economic disparities in Mexico by damaging sectors concentrating their production near the US-Mexico border. 1
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English-Speaking Communists, Communist Sympathisers and Fellow-Travellers and Czechoslovakia in the Early Cold War Years.
Geaney, Kathleen Brenda ; Vojtěchovský, Ondřej (advisor) ; Rychlík, Jan (referee) ; Čapková, Kateřina (referee)
Doctoral Dissertation PhDr. Kathleen Brenda Geaney English-Speaking Communists, Communist Sympathizers and Fellow- Travellers and Czechoslovakia in the Early Cold War (Anglicky mluvící komunisté, komunističtí sympatizanti a podporovatelé a Československo v počátcích studené války) Abstract The dissertation is a study of some of those people with Communist Party affiliations and fellow-travellers, who journeyed behind the Iron Curtain to see for themselves what life was like in the new people's democracy. The research focuses on Czechoslovakia as a tourist destination for a surprising number of anglophones in the early years of the Cold War. It argues that Soviet experience served as a best practices model for officialdom in Prague. This was modified where necessary to take into account the lessons learnt, national particulars, and the new geopolitical context. In both situations, foreigners were evaluated in terms of importance and potential as far as the communist cause was concerned. Key words: Czechoslovakia, communism, Cold War, English-speaking foreigners, hospitality techniques
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"U.S.-Mexican Counterdrug Security Cooperation: The Merida Initiative a Possible Solution?"
Paulino Rosario, Leandra ; Raška, Francis (advisor) ; Anděl, Petr (referee)
Mexico and the United States share not only an approximately 3000 km border but also important roles concerning drug traffic. With the U.S. as the major consumer and Mexico as its principal supplier, they make the perfect supply and demand equation. As a result, they share the threats related to drug traffic which affects the political, social, and economic level of both countries. During the last decade, the Mexican drug cartels have gained control of the drug entering the United States, so Mexico is a crucial issue in drug matters to their American neighbors. Currently, both nations accepted a shared responsibility in drug traffic cases and are working hand in hand to limit the capabilities of DTOs, but there remains the open question if such efforts are significantly useful. This thesis presents an analysis of the U.S. influence on the escalation of the fight against illicit drugs in Mexico during Bush and Obama administrations and the effectiveness of the counter-drug assistance program: the Merida Initiative. I argue that the Merida Initiative has been successful improving the U.S.-Mexican relations regarding bilateral counter-drug policies. However, the Mexican drug cartels have reached their momentum and seem to be leading the drug market. Besides, it is necessary to pursue a critical...
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Media Represantation of Resettlement in Czech Republic and USA
Uhlířová, Miroslava ; Klásková, Markéta (advisor) ; Hrůzová, Andrea (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to compare the media representation of resettlement of syrian refugees, as one of the possible solutions to the migration crisis. According to the social constructivism theory, media are understood to be one of the most important factors in the process of constructing reality, and when it comes to political topics, their role is even more significant, as most of the time, media representation of political issues is the only option to acquire information about them. The so called migration crisis with its proposed solutions is one of the most common agendas set by mass media, the most discussed solution being resettlement. Thought resettlement is globally applicable, its history and extension differs throughout the world, so its media representation is expected to be different. This study, realized through quantitative content analysis, was focused on the comparison of media representation of resettlement of Syrian refugees in the U.S. and in the Czech Republic, the analyzed media being Mladá Fronta Dnes and Hospodářské noviny for the Czech republic, and The New York Times for The United States. The results showed distinct media representation of resettlement, as the czech media tend to represent resettlement within the securitization discourse, while the...
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Czechoslovak - Venezuelan Relations in the years 1945 - 1968
Maternová, Simona ; Opatrný, Josef (advisor) ; Binková, Simona (referee)
This work is an analysis of a topic that until now has been practically no research, the relations of Czechoslovakia and Venezuela in the years 1945 - 1968, while this work focuses attention on diplomatic and economic relations, it also considers the influence of domestic politics in these countries, explaining the context of these international relations, specifically of the United States, Soviet union and Cuba. The thesis is primarily based on material from the archives of the Ministry of Foreign Relations of the Czech Republic and also the National Archive of the Czech Republic. Diplomatic relations between these countries were established in 1929, after the Munich Agreement of 1938, the embassy of Czechoslovakia in Caracas was closed. After World War II. economic relations were re-established. This was really important because the commercial interest of Czechoslovakia helped to establish the diplomatic relations. Diplomatic relations were discontinued by Venezuela in 1952 during the dictatorship of general Marcus Pérez Jiménez. When the dictator was overthrown in 1958, diplomatic relations were gradually re-established, once more through economic relations and finally established in 1968. The development of diplomatic relations were affected by several factors. The first one was domestic...
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Indian foreign policy towards the U.S. during the term of Indira Gandhi
Gilánik, Vít ; Štipl, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Hons, Pavel (referee)
The focus of bachelor thesis is foreign politics between India and the United States Of America in period of rule prime minister Indira Gandhi. The thesis is focused on four main fields: development of indo-american relationship; Pakistan - the origin of state Bangladesh; Soviet Union and Peoples Republic Of China. The introduction of bachelor thesis contains insight of these four fields up to the voting of prime minister Indria Gandhi in her office. The aim of the thesis is to describe development of situation of three areas as described before between the years 1966 to 1977 show political and diplomatical steps of both Indian and American governments. The conclusion of thesis contains development of these topics till nowadays.
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The Impact of China's Engagement in Sub-Saharan Africa on U.S. Political and Economical Interests on the Continent (2000-2012)
Kindl, Lukáš ; Sehnálková, Jana (advisor) ; Bečka, Jan (referee)
The rigorous thesis deals with China's increased engagement in Sub-Saharan Africa after 2000 and its impact on U.S. political and economic interests on the continent. In the first decade of the new millennium, China's search for natural resources, especially oil, to satisfy its growing demand, need to find new markets for exports, as well as China's aspiration to enhance its position at the international stage led Beijing to pay greater attention to Africa. China started to engage African countries through a combination of development assistance with no strings attached, except for the one-China principle, and high-profile diplomacy. The United States has become concerned that China might jeopardize its programs on democratization and governance and become a fierce economic competitor in Africa. In the first two chapters, the thesis describes the interests of China and the U.S, respectively, the main actors involved in the countries' respective Africa policies, and strategies and concrete policies these two world powers implement in Africa. The third chapter compares the U.S. and China's engagement in three case studies - on Nigeria, Angola and Sudan. The fourth chapter provides a comparison of the general features of the American and the Chinese policies towards Sub- Saharan Africa. The chapter...
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Comparison of U.S. and China's Policy Towards Africa 1990-2010 With a Special Focus on Angola and Sudan: Resources and Geopolitics
Kindl, Lukáš ; Sehnálková, Jana (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee)
The Master's thesis deals with China's increased engagement in Sub-Saharan Africa after 2000 and its impact on U.S. political and economic interests on the continent. In the first decade of the new millennium, China's search for natural resources, especially oil, to satisfy its growing demand, need to find new markets for exports, as well as China's aspiration to enhance its position at the international stage led Beijing to pay greater attention to Africa. China started to engage African countries through a combination of development assistance with no strings attached, except for the one-China principle, and high-profile diplomacy. The United States has become concerned that China might jeopardize its programs on democratization and governance and become a fierce economic competitor in Africa. In the first two chapters, the thesis describes the interests of China and the U.S, respectively, the main actors involved in the countries' respective Africa policies, and strategies and concrete policies these two world powers implement in Africa. The third chapter compares the U.S. and China's engagement in three case studies - on Nigeria, Angola and Sudan. The fourth chapter provides a comparison of the general features of the American and the Chinese policies towards Sub- Saharan Africa. The chapter...
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China as the biggest foreign holder of U.S. government bonds: analysis of impacts on U.S. foreign policy
Holuša, Petr ; Kozák, Kryštof (advisor) ; Sehnálková, Jana (referee)
This thesis deals with the question whether China's purchases of American government bonds affect the foreign policy of the USA. The first part analyses bonds as instruments for debt financing and explains why China is motivated to buy American government bonds. The second part is concerned with the relationship between the lender and the borrower and assumes that the relationship between deficit financing and a change in the foreign policy towards the lender is possible, an example being the relationship of the USA and Mexico in the 1980s. The last part introduces criteria based on which it evaluates whether the American foreign policy towards China is changing. The thesis is focused on the topic of human rights, which is a frequent source of dispute between these two countries. The thesis also comprises an analysis of the dispute between the USA and China regarding weapon sales to Taiwan. It also analyses the possibility of China selling all its American government bonds and the potential consequences for the American economy. The conclusion sums up the topics discussed in the thesis and provides an answer to the set question.
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