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Influence of latent toxoplasmosis on intelligence of infected subjects
Chvátalová, Veronika ; Flegr, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Lindová, Jitka (referee)
There remain inconsistencies in the literature concerning the intelligence of subjects infected with latent toxoplasmosis. The main goals of this work are to find out whether, a) latent toxoplasmosis influences the intelligence of infected subjects and b) whether Rh negative and Rh positive subjects respond to the infection in different ways. In this work we used a complex test of intelligence, The Structure Intelligence Test I-S-T 2000 R. We were able to statistically control for the confounding variable the size of the place of residence in childhood. This had benefits when compared to previous studies. The differences in intelligence were measured in students of The Faculty of Science. The sample used included 46 toxoplasma-infected and 188 toxoplasma-free individuals. Using nonparametric tests we found lower numerical, fluid and general intelligence in toxoplasma-infected subjects compared to noninfected subjects. In addition, these tendencies were also observed in the results of parametric tests. Further to these components of intelligence there was also found to be a lower component of numerical knowledge in toxoplasma-infected males. By contrast, no differences between infected and noninfected individuals was found to occur in the female test subjects. No statistically significant...
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Proteins demaged by oxidative stress, their role in physiology and ageing of yest cells
Mikešová, Jana ; Palková, Zdena (advisor) ; Borčin, Kateřina (referee)
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are regularly produced in cells as a by-product of aerobic metabolism. Hence, organisms developed various defence mechanisms, which are able to avoid molecular damages caused by ROS under physiological conditions. In stress conditions, however, such defence mechanisms are not sufficient to avoid molecular damages. Accumulation of oxidized proteins is supposed to be a reason for ageing and many diseases including Friedreich's ataxia, Amylotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease and many others. During oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species are reflected in oxidation of cystein residues in transcription factors, regulation proteins and active canters centers of enzymes. Oxidative modifications however could lead also to changes in transcription factor activity and activation of specific pathways, including changes in gene expression, cell cycle and proteolysis. This work shows defence mechanisms, ROS and proteins altered by reactive oxygen species that may function as important signalling molecules, which are essential for many cellular processes.
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Seniors and active aging in the seniors'house in Ostrava
Lipowská, Jana ; Tuček, Milan (advisor) ; Trusinová, Romana (referee)
Demographic aging of population brings a number of needs, demands and changes in many areas of social life. In this case, Czech Republic has accepted several documents which also contain National Programme of Preparation for Aging for 2003 - 2007, and then for 2008 - 2012. This document regards to the concept of active aging and old age, which was accepted by the World Health Organization in the 90's, defined as a process of health quality development, seniors' social participation and the entire rising of a quality of life in an old age. The activity becomes desirable and proper way of the seniors' life. The diploma project is focused on the seniors' activities, specifically on the offer of activation activities and their usage in Ostrava seniors' house. The theoretical part is pursued on the definition of aging and old age, physical, mental and social changes and the science disciplines, which are focused on those. Besides, it deals with social services, closer with the seniors' houses, activity and activation in the houses and about the concept of active aging, National Programme of Preparation for Aging and European Year of Active Aging. The empirical part is focused on the case study of seniors' house in Ostrava, based on semi-structured and Focus group with seniors and activation workers. It...
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Development of Prague's Housing Estates: Ageing and Functional Use
Worschová, Markéta ; Ouředníček, Martin (advisor) ; Machala, Branislav (referee)
There lives currently one third of population in the post-socialist housing estates in the Czech Republic. Because of many problems that accompany the estates, many scientific studies deal with the topic. In my study, I focus on analysis of the age structure changes in Prague housing estates and investigate whether it corresponds to the level of the functional use. The analytical part is divided into two sections. The first one is the analysis of the age structure based on the statistical data. The second section is an assessment of the level of the use in Prague housing estates through a questionnaire survey in a selected estate. In principle, it was confirmed that the Prague housing estates really have been aging and this trend affects to some extent functional use of the locality. It is important to solve the needs of estates individually so that the changes were effective. Based on the analysis the conclusion is that the Prague housing estates have good prospects for the future. Key words: Prague; housing estates; ageing; functional use
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History, present and perspectives of the Universtities of the Third Age in the Czech republic
Kuželová, Monika ; Šerák, Michal (advisor) ; Beneš, Milan (referee)
The bachelor thesis is focused on senior's education that is put into wider psychosocial and economic framework. My thesis characterizes ageing, old age and seniors. Ageing of population is evidenced by demographic dates. It describes negative social phenomenons, especially "ageismus" and an endeavour of society to restrict these negative social phenomenons e.g. prosenior education. The thesis mentions economic impacts of ageing upon society. It contents some documents, both national and international, for endorsment of seniors. These documents declare social, medical and economic importance of care of senior's group. These documents place emphasis on active old age that ensure better quality of life in old age. The education is one of the possibilities. The senior's education is attached enormous meaning. There is originated new pedagogic discipline, which deal with specifics of senior's education, gerontopedagogy. Senior's education is part of lifelong learning and it has mostly special-interest character. The highest degree of education offers the Universities of the Third Age. These universities are extended all over the world. The universities offer so many programs that help to seniors to orientate in contemporary changeable world, these programs meet the needs of new pieces of knowledge and...
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The efficiency of memory and physical training of the elderly
Waidingerová, Iveta ; Štětovská, Iva (advisor) ; Šípek, Jiří (referee)
The thesis discusses the training of cognitive functions and physical exercise in the elderly population. It concerns the issue of active ageing, which is a very topical one. The theoretical part describes the findings and results of the latest studies mainly in seniors of good cognitive health. The practical part presents the research in how the seniors of good cognitive health respond to the combination of cognitive training, in other words memory training, and physical exercise. Keywords: ageing, active ageing, cognitive function training, memory training, physical exercise
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