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The Understood Author: A hermeneutical exploration of audiences interpretation of the author as productive practices behind a text
Pavlíčková, Tereza ; Carpentier, Nico (advisor) ; Kuzmičová, Anežka (referee) ; Hermes, Joke (referee)
in English This project builds on the tradition of audience research that theoretically and empirically established that meaning is formed in the negotiation between the text and the reader, that the audiences are agentic, their interpretation of media is contextual and situated, and that they have the potential to resist the media. It argues that it is important to explore people's attention to different sources: who is listening, to whom, and why - and asks how people understand the notion of an author that they encounter in the interpretation of factual media texts, and how this interpretation is brought back into the interpretative act. The thesis subscribes to philosophical hermeneutics as an overarching theoretical as well as methodological framework to devise a concept of an understood author that is a result of the interpretative act, where the author imagined and anticipated by the reader (in the form of prior knowledge and prejudices) is encountered and actualised by the author inscribed into the text. I carried out 28 in-depth face-to-face interviews with Czechs born between 1948-1963 to explore participants' experiences and relationship with media and media authors. Employing hermeneutical analysis, the focus is not to capture what is an author, but how it happened to be so. The...
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Ways to enhance perception and understatndig of fairy tales or stories in children aged 1 to 3 years
NEUMANNOVÁ, Eva
The aim of the work was to devise as many ways as possible to enhance the perception and comprehension of fairy tales or stories in children aged one to three years and to verify them in practice. The theoretical part focuses on an overview of the benefits of reading fairy tales and stories for the development of reading pre-literacy, cognitive development, language, pereption, memory, as well as emotions, attention, motivation, and other areas. It also includes a characterization of the developmental periond from 1 to 3 years. In the practical part, literary templates that are most suitable for the selected group were mapped out. The selected literary templates were methodially preapared for working with children of the given age group, various methods were tested that can be used when working with fairy tales or story with a group of children. These activities were carried out with the children and subsequently evaluated.
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Development of understanding of equality of 2nd and 3rd grade pupils.
Routa, Miroslav ; Jirotková, Darina (advisor) ; Kvaszová, Milena (referee)
The topic of the thesis is the development of understanding of equality in pupils of the 2nd and 3rd year of primary schools. The thesis is based on research conducted within the project Teachers' Understanding of the Causes of School Failure and the Effectiveness of Educational Interventions, in which more than 600 pupils participated. Using the results of the aforementioned research, I will analyse the most common errors and the causes from which the errors may have developed. Thanks to the results from two didactic tests in mathematics in two consecutive years with the same pupils, I can observe where the perception of equality has shifted in one year. My next goal will be to find out, by analyzing textbooks and hypothesizing about the mathematical notations used, whether my conjectures about the reasons for the incorrect solutions are correct. Based on the results of the research, it seems that the choice of textbooks that students use to learn from has a significant impact on their understanding of equality. In order to test this hypothesis, I will conduct a detailed analysis of the textbooks of all publishers used for teaching in the researched classes. A mapping will be carried out of situations in which pupils encounter equations and other tasks that promote understanding of equality. The...
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LGBT+ students: What teachers think and do concerning to them
Kameníková, Denisa ; Smetáčková, Irena (advisor) ; Frombergerová, Anna (referee)
The bachelor thesis focuses on exploring teachers' attitudes towards LGBT+ students and LGBT+ issues within schools. The theoretical section of the thesis establishes fundamental concepts and phenomena related to LGBT+ adolescents, as well as attitudes and prejudices towards LGBT+ students. The primary emphasis is on LGBT+ students and issues in the school environment. The objective of this study is to investigate the attitudes of secondary school teachers towards their LGBT+ students. For the research, a qualitative approach was employed, and data collection was carried out through individual semi-structured interviews, using pre- prepared question set. The interviews involved 5 female and 3 male respondents. The data gathered was then analyzed using thematic analysis, leading to the identification of 13 themes and 20 sub-themes. These findings are visually represented to enhance clarity and to demonstrate potential interrelationships among them. The results of this study eveal the complexity of teachers' attitudes, highlighting the diverse components that contribute to their perception of a singular subject. Furthermore, the research explores additional themes such as the inclusion of LGBT+ topics in the classroom, specific actions taken by teachers to support LGBT+ learners, and recommendations...
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Usage of emoji in online communication across generation
Nechvátalová, Lenka ; Klabíková Rábová, Tereza (advisor) ; Podzimek, Jan (referee)
In the current digital era, emoji are an integral part of everyday online communication, expressing a range of emotions and thoughts. This paper focuses on the understanding and use of emoji by different generations, with an emphasis on Generations Z, Y, X and Baby Boomers. Emoji offer a wide range of expressions and symbols, but their interpretation can differ between generations, which can lead to misunderstandings. This thesis explores the basic emoji that may be more likely to cause these misunderstandings. The aim is to identify the meanings of emoji in different generations and the influence of age and the digital environment on interpretation. The research will focus on the use and interpretation of emoji across generations. The aim is to improve understanding in online communication across generations, where emoji play a key role in communicating emotions and moods.
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Reading educational texts in primary school and activities for promoting reading
Vrňáková, Alena ; Hausenblas, Ondřej (advisor) ; Klumparová, Štěpánka (referee)
TITLE: Reading educational texts in primary school and activities for promoting reading AUTHOR: Alena Vrňáková DEPARTMENT: Czech Literature Department SUPERVISOR: PhDr. Ondřej Hausenblas ABSTRACT: The aim of this thesis is to examine reading literacy and development of critical thinking skills during the teaching of educational texts. In this context I refer to the concept of the subject's reading literacy in relation to RVP ZV and to suitable conditions for developing one's literary ability. I also speak of the basic motivational principles of teaching, such as teacher's personality, goals and rules of active teaching. I also emphasis how one can achieve a better understanding of the given texts while reading them and provide a summary of teaching methods specificaly designed for the development of critical thinking. In practice I focused on the creation of a sufficient number of teaching materials of educational texts processed by methods of critical thinking and a model of learning EUR and on testing the efectiveness of these materials in the classroom. A part of this verification included monitoring ten pupils in their fourth year at the primary school Vrchotovy Janovice, where I work. KEYWORDS: Educational texts, reading, literacy, understanding, development of reading ability
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Understanding sentences in Czech children at risk for dyslexia and SLI
Bláhová, Veronika ; Kucharská, Anna (advisor) ; Špačková, Klára (referee)
The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the level of comprehension of czech sentences with a different syntactic complexity in children with specific language impairment (SLI) and children at family risk for dyslexia (experimental groups) compared to typically developing peers (control group). Statistically significant differences were proven both between the SLI group and the family risk group and between the SLI group and control group. The assumed descending tendency of achievement in the test blocks was not substantiated.
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Information value and acceptability in weather forecast
Bělohlávková, Kateřina ; Janovec, Ladislav (advisor) ; Palkosková, Olga (referee)
7. SUMMARY This diploma thesis The information value and acceptability of forecasting is divided into a theoretical and a practical part. In the theoretical part the forecasting is described as a product of television newscast. I deal with the fact of forecasting entering the media communication. I deal with the information value that forecasts bring and show the way a piece of information is transferred from a producer to an addressee relating to the process of coding and decoding. I describe the acceptability of forecasts and its elements influencing comprehension. In relation to acceptability, textual linguistics is discussed in a separated subchapter. The last theoretical part deals with semiotics and semantics. These disciplines deal mainly with meaning and sings and that is the reason why they are not important only in the theoretical part but also in an analyzing part of this thesis. The analyzing part is based on semiotic survey analysis dealing with individual components of forecasts (visual, audio and audio-visual). The aim of this thesis is to find out which of components of forecasting brings the highest information value to respondents and which is best comprehensible for addressees. The survey results demonstrate that it is the audio forecasting that has a high information value and brings...
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