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The issue of an offender's personality in criminology
Škop, Martin ; Marešová, Alena (advisor) ; Zoubková, Ivana (referee)
The issue of an offender's personality in criminology Abstract The presented thesis aims to improve our understanding of the offender's personality, i.e. why they commit crimes, what is the cause of their actions (motivation) and what are the specific personality traits of these offenders. The thesis elaborated on the topic of offender personality with a focus on offenders of rape and child molestation, its aim was to provide a comprehensive overview of the state of research on the personality characteristics of rapers and child molesters and to elaborate an analysis of the criminality of these crimes in the Czech Republic between 2018-2022. The analysis was based on police crime statistics, the "How We Punish" app and the Ministry of Justice statistical yearbooks. The presented overview of the state of research drew almost exclusively from foreign literature; the concept of rape and child molestation may thus not necessarily be identical to the Czech concept of these crimes and therefore may include a different group of offenders to some extent. The thesis also presented an explanation of personality disorders (a subcategory of mental disorders), their classification and the possible influence of these deviating personality traits on the determination of insanity, the conduct of criminal proceedings or the...
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Child as a victim of sexual crimes
Telska, Rosalie ; Čírtková, Ludmila (advisor) ; Mulák, Jiří (referee)
Child as a victim of sexual crimes Abstract Child sexual abuse is a very serious issue on a global scale. Although child abuse is gradually being de-tabooed and has more space, there is still a significant amount of people in our society who believe that this problem should be looked at as a personal matter of each family to be resolved on their own. Precisely this opinion is the factor that does not allow children to reach the support they so desperately require and reduces the likelihood of detecting the criminal activity and punishing the perpetrator. It is therefore essential for appropriate education to be offered to our population containing enlightenment on the issue of sexual abuse of children and the specific features that are typical for this type of criminality. Children are much more vulnerable as victims than adults. It emerges from their physical and psychological prerequisites. They are smaller and weaker. Their psyche is not yet fully developed, so they are more impressionable, trusting, submissive and open. At the same time, they do not yet possess fully developed complex thinking to enable them to thoughtfully gauge. And their weakest point is their utter dependence on adults. The child is fully reliant on his adult environment, not only in the aspect of material security such as shelter,...
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Law protection of the underage sexual abused children in the age cathegory from newborns to the age of three
Janoušková, Lucie ; Vrzáček, Petr (advisor) ; Matiaško, Maroš (referee)
Diplomová práce se zaměřuje na problematiku pohlavního zneužívání dětí v České republice. Specifikuje věkovou skupinu dětí do tří let, přičemž se zaměřuje na incidenci a prevalenci těchto případů v české společnosti. Pozornost je upřena zejména na charakteristiku tohoto fenoménu ze všech jeho aspektů, kterými jsou společenské vnímání, atributy pohlavního zneužívání a domácího násilí obecně, legislativní problematika k tématu pohlavního zneužívání nezletilých, financování pomoci poskytované pohlavně zneužitým dětem. Nadále je specifikovány diagnostické metody využívané v České republice k detekci pohlavního v komparaci s alternativními přístupy diagnostiky využívanými v zahraničí, které zaznamenávají úspěch zejména v nejnižších věkových kategoriích. Práce se věnuje také problematice orgánu sociálně-právní ochrany dětí a jejího poskytování v souvislosti s pohlavním zneužíváním. Klíčová slova: pohlavní zneužití, CAN syndrom, diagnostika, sociálně-právní ochrana dětí, legislativa ABSTRACT: The diploma thesis is concerned to the topic of sexual abusement of children in the Czech republic. It specifies the age group of children until three years and shows the prevalence and incidence these cases in Czech society. The attention is set on chracterising this phenomenon from all its aspects, which are social...
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Sexual coercion (section 186 of the Penal Code) and other offences against human dignity in sexual sphere
Kočí, Jakub ; Hořák, Jaromír (advisor) ; Krupička, Jiří (referee)
Sexual coercion (section 186 of the Penal Code) and other offences against human dignity in sexual sphere My diploma thesis analyzes of the sexual coercion and it also applies to comparison of the sexual coercion with the other offences against human dignity in sexual sphere, mainly with the rape and the sexual abuse. The sexual coercion is newly (since 2009) included in the Czech Penal Code, namely in the section 186 of this Penal Code. There we find seven subsection (paragraphs) of its editing. The main aim of this text is interpret individual legal signs of the elements of the sexual coercion, particularly the object, the physical elements (actus reus), the offender (the subject) and the mental elements (mens rea). I try to put this aim into context. In the beginning, I sketch of the historical evolution of the legislation of the sexual offences. After that, I deal with the criminological excursion about sexual crime (crime against human dignity). Then this text continues with the concise essay on the present legislation of the sexual offences and their classification. After that, the major part of this thesis describes some terms that are related to the sexual coercion. In this part, I try to compare Czech legislation of the sexual offences with German, Austrian and Swiss legislation, because...
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Socio-pedagogical work with underage girls in sexual experience
Vildová, Iva ; Lorenzová, Jitka (advisor) ; Sedláčková, Daniela (referee)
Diplomová práce se zabývá problematikou předčasných sexuálních zkušeností a pohlavním zneužíváním nezletilých dívek. Téma této práce vzniklo s ohledem na profesní zaměření autorky, která pracuje jako sociální pracovnice. Předčasné zahájení pohlavního života a pohlavní zneužití se v poslední době vyskytuje ve stále větší míře, a tím vzniká i potřeba na tuto problematiku reagovat a řešit v rámci působnosti orgánů sociálně právní ochrany dětí. Cílem diplomové práce je popis dopadů předčasných sexuálních zkušeností a pohlavního zneužití na osobnost nezletilých dívek. Diplomová práce se také zabývá úlohou rodiny, školy a orgánů sociálně právní ochrany dětí v sexuální výchově. Dále také srovnává společné aspekty rodinného prostředí nezletilých dívek a vyhledává společné faktory, které působí v rodinách nezletilých dívek, u kterých došlo k předčasnému zahájení pohlavního života nebo k jejich sexuálnímu zneužití. Výzkumnou metodou této práce jsou především případové studie dvou rodin s nezletilými dívkami, u kterých došlo k předčasnému zahájení pohlavního života. V rámci případových studií byla použita obsahová analýza dokumentů, metoda rozhovoru s nezletilými dívkami a s jejich rodinami. Diplomová práce závěrem konstatuje, že předčasné zahájení pohlavního života nebo zneužití dětí má dopady na jejich...
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Sexual coercion (section 186 of the Criminal Code) and other crimes against human dignity in the sexual field
Paťha, Tomáš ; Gřivna, Tomáš (advisor) ; Bohuslav, Lukáš (referee)
The topic of my diploma thesis is Sexual coercion (section 186 of the Criminal Code) and other crimes against human dignity in the sexual field deals with, besides the fundamental topic of sexual coercion and other crimes, which are mentioned in the third chapter of the special part of Act. No. 40/2009 Coll., Criminal Code. Although these typical sexual offences constitute only a tiny fraction of total criminality, we can label them as the most serious offenses of all, since the consequences they leave for victims are often irreparable. Although the offense of sexual coercion has been introduced into the legal systém for a short time, it has been found in a few cases for a short time and has confirmed that it is very appropriate tool for supplementing rape (§ 185 CC) and sexual abuse (§ 187 CC). The main aim of this thesis is to clarify the facts of the offense sexual coercion, to discuss its object, the physical elements (actus reus), the perpetrator (subject) and the mental elements (mens rea). For this reason, the introductory part is devoted to the historical context and the overall development of sexual offenses in our territory. After this introductory chapter on history, another chapter is dedicated to the current treatment of sexual offenses. The purpose of this chapter is in particular to...
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The Moral Crime and its Prevention
Cengrová, Michaela ; Bohuslav, Lukáš (advisor) ; Vokoun, Rudolf (referee)
1 Abstract The Moral Crime and its Prevention The submitted thesis deals with the topic of moral criminality and the options of its prevention. The main goal of this thesis is to give a deeper overview of this topic, the current legislative with an emphasis on sexual offences, its victims and the processes of victimization. The thesis is divided into five chapters, of which the first four are dealing with related topics on theoretical level, the last chapter deals with particular moral offences. In the first chapters the attention is paid to the concept of human sexuality, human sexual instinct and the variability of tolerated manifestations of sexuality in society and the reflection of human sexuality in the concept of morality. Subsequently, moral crime is defined, individual moral offences are listed, and the division of these offences according to various criteria is provided. Considerable space is provided to the topic of offenders and especially the victims of moral crime, both in criminal and criminological optics. In the case of offenders the division in to deviant and non-deviant offenders is given. In the case of victims of moral crime a legal definition is provided as well as the victimological concept. The attention of the thesis is focused especially on the issue of victimization and secondary...
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Methods of investigation of sexual crimes: (selected issues)
Kaňková, Michaela ; Musil, Jan (advisor) ; Konrád, Zdeněk (referee)
1 Diploma thesis: Methods of investigation of sexual crimes (selected issues) Key words: Investigation, Rape, Sexual Abuse, Expert Opinion Summary This thesis deals with problematics of sexual crimes investigation. Since the area of investigating sexual crimes is very broad, I have limited the scope of my paper to investigation of the two most frequent types of crime, which are rape and sexual abuse. Regarding the operations usually performed during investigation, I have paid close attention to expert opinions. The purpose of this paper is to stress concrete specifics occuring during investigation, which is discussed throughout the chapters. Chapter One introduces acts of sexual crime (particularly the rape and the sexual abuse) from the criminal-law point of view as it is stated in the contemporary legal regulation in the Czech Republic. This chapter also provides statistical tables showing the evolutionary trend in the number of prosecuted and adjudicated sexual criminal acts of rape and sexual abuse between 2000 and 2010. Criminalistic characteristics of sexual criminal acts are looked at in Chapter Two, and Chapter Three presents common ways of committing sexual offences. The chapter describes what is typical of sexual offences committed by adults, and by and on youngsters. Chapter Four characterizes...
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Methods of investigation of sexual crimes (selected issues)
Singerová, Markéta ; Musil, Jan (advisor) ; Štourač, Petr (referee)
The Methodics of Investigation of the Sexual Crime Acts (chosen issues) Summary This submitted diploma thesis deals with procedures of investigation of crimes rape and sexual abuse, which are two most serious offences within sexual criminal acts. In this work I analyze only some of the most essential moments of investigation, because the theme as a whole exceeds the required extent of the diploma thesis. Most attention is paid to contacts of the prosecuting and adjudicating bodies with the victim and to the acts in which the victim is involved. The introductory part analyzes basic contemporary and previous legal regulation of all sexual criminal acts given in the present criminal codes. Offences of rape and sexual abuse are explicated in more detail. Then the work brings a criminalistic characteristics of these offences with basic statistical data. It points out the fixed detection rate of these crimes over the last nine years. Within the criminalistic characteristics, the thesis shows typical ways of committing these crimes, typical offenders, victims and typical traces. It points out that most offenders committing rape and sexual abuse come from the backgrounds close to the victim. The work discusses the approach to the victims of rape and sexual abuse. It analyzes the reasons that lead to secondary...
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Sexual coercion (section 186 of the Criminal Code) and other crimes against human dignity in the sexual field
Paťha, Tomáš ; Gřivna, Tomáš (advisor) ; Bohuslav, Lukáš (referee)
The topic of my diploma thesis is Sexual coercion (section 186 of the Criminal Code) and other crimes against human dignity in the sexual field deals with, besides the fundamental topic of sexual coercion and other crimes, which are mentioned in the third chapter of the special part of Act. No. 40/2009 Coll., Criminal Code. Although these typical sexual offences constitute only a tiny fraction of total criminality, we can label them as the most serious offenses of all, since the consequences they leave for victims are often irreparable. Although the offense of sexual coercion has been introduced into the legal systém for a short time, it has been found in a few cases for a short time and has confirmed that it is very appropriate tool for supplementing rape (§ 185 CC) and sexual abuse (§ 187 CC). The main aim of this thesis is to clarify the facts of the offense sexual coercion, to discuss its object, the physical elements (actus reus), the perpetrator (subject) and the mental elements (mens rea). For this reason, the introductory part is devoted to the historical context and the overall development of sexual offenses in our territory. After this introductory chapter on history, another chapter is dedicated to the current treatment of sexual offenses. The purpose of this chapter is in particular to...
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