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Perestroika and its reflection in Russian and Czech society and culture
Kuksin, Artem ; Čechura, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Šmíd, Marek (referee)
In my bachelor's thesis I would like to focus on one of the key historical events in the history of the Soviet Union known as Perestrojka. I want to answer the questions as what were people of late socialism in the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic and in the Soviet Union, what was difference about their perception of the present and future and how Zeitgeist -the spirit of the time at the end of the century was perceived in culture. As a necessary part of my work, I consider the personality analysis of Mikhail Gorbachev - the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, his economic and social policy, describing the peculiarities of regimes and social relations in years 1985-1989.
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Signs of Propaganda in the normalization TV series Boys and men
Štarman, Ondřej ; Štoll, Martin (advisor) ; Bednařík, Petr (referee)
The diploma thesis examines television production in the 1980s in former Czechoslovak Socialist Republic, specifically the series Boys and men (1988) by director Evžen Sokolovský. In the theoretical part, the reader will learn the propaganda theory and its types. In addition, the concept of discourse and approaches to discourse analysis are introduced. At the end of the theoretical part, the work looks into the context of the series; the concepts of normalization and rebuilding are presented. A theory of a story construction is also briefly described. The work in the practical part aims to reveal the supposedly embedded propaganda messages in the series. The author tries to identify those messages and thus confirm the political assignment of the series (to improve the image of the army in the eyes of the Czechoslovak society). Another aim of the thesis is to describe the means, by which the communication was delivered. The analysis of the series is directly linked to the analysis of media outputs in printed media, namely in Rudé právo and Týdeník ČST, where the author searches for the series-related articles. The aim of this effort is to find a formulation of the political assignment, which would again serve as a proof of its existence. In order to analyze the content of the series and the media...
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The selection and deployment of foreign programs of the Western block in hte Czechoslovak Television in 1997 and 1987
Luňáčková, Eliška ; Štoll, Martin (advisor) ; Růžička, Daniel (referee)
This thesis The selection and deployment of foreign programs of the Western bloc in the Czechoslovak Television in 1977 and 1987 is concerned with factors that influenced the selection of foreign television programs of the Western bloc in Czechoslovak Television at that time. The political situation in Czechoslovak was very tense under the communist power in 1970s and only after 1985 when Perestrojka was introduced in the Soviet Union that things started to improve in terms of economical and social reforms (Perestrojka started very slowly in Czechoslovak in 1987). One of the main goals of this thesis is to investigate how the political situation in the society affected the Czechoslovak Television in general and the broadcasting of foreign programs in specific. Were there more television shows from the Western bloc in 1987 than in 1977 because of Perestrojka? Or did Perestrojka have no influence on the TV guide at all? This thesis will bring answers to these questions. The Czechoslovak Television was supposed to work according to Ideově tematické plány. These plans showed the main ideology of TV and contained a list of all shows that were supposed be broadcasted during the next year (as the plans were made one year ahead). These plans were very important official documents and all departments were...
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The reflection on the stalinist period as a friction between the Russian State and the Memorial movement
Černoušek, Štěpán ; Svoboda, Karel (advisor) ; Kolenovská, Daniela (referee)
The bachelor thesis The reflection on the Stalinist period as a friction between the Russian State and the Memorial movement follows changes in the interpretation of Soviet repressions (especially from the period of Stalinism) from the late 1980s until the end of 2016. On the one hand, it follows the attitude of the Russian (or Soviet) state, on the other hand the position of the independent Memorial movement. In five chapters, chronologically, it notes contradictions that arise in the interpretation of the repression by the State and the Memorial and try to explain them. While the attitude of Memorial is consistent throughout the whole period (it attempts to bring repression to a wider context), we see different attitudes of the Russian state in the times of perestroika, during the reign of President Yeltsin and during the presidency of Vladimir Putin. From coincident attitudes, the state moves to interpretations that are inconsistent with the position of Memorial and are ideologically motivated. The thesis also looks at the causes of the current pressure of the Russian state against the Memorial movement, which intensified especially after 2014. The other theme of the thesis is also a brief history of the Memorial movement, its development and concrete projects and opinions.
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Samizdat publishing anthologies about the theater
Maxová, Veronika ; Topolová, Barbara (advisor) ; Just, Vladimír (referee)
Annotation: The work is focused on a number of samizdat anthology about the theater, published between 1986 - 1989 in the newsroom Karl Kraus. It deals with all five volumes in the theater where the proceedings pursues a thematic concept and its development, the composition of each block, forming the base of the author and its specifications, the way the editorial work and last but not least, aesthetic preference and program editors and intellectual and ideological framework of the periodical. It focuses on the origin and the circumstances that preceded the manner of editorial work. It affects the form of theater criticism in the independent periodical, place colections series in contemporary samizdat spectrum and its importance for political and social movement in Czech theater in the period of perestroika.
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M. S. Gorbachev's concept of Common European Home
Stejskalová, Jana ; Svoboda, Karel (advisor) ; Litera, Bohuslav (referee)
The bachelor study "M. S. Gorbachev's concept of Common European Home" highlights the pro-European oriented idea of Soviet Foreign Policy, which became popular in the middle 80's. The concept was a peaceful vision and a new Soviet openness towards the policy of the United States and the West in an era of the Cold War. This period was characterized by mutual distrust of two ideologically different blocks and by the real threat of nuclear conflict. There were many politicians who engaged with the European Policy in the past. The expansion of European ideas has a considerable historical background. And the expression of the Common European Home was already part of the external policy of Leonid I. Brezhnev. The Soviet concept, however, was first actively promoted by Mikhail S. Gorbachev, who is also attributed with its authorship. This bachelor study presents the origin, development and disappearance of this Soviet Policy. The work analyses the content of the idea in detail and also discusses its territorial legacy; including accompanying events and the attitude of Western countries. In addition to other key aspects, Gorbachev's Common European Home is associated with the fall of the Iron Curtain and the disintegration of the Soviet Union.
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Reflection of Gorbachev's reforms in the Rudé právo in the period 1985-1990
Fara, Pavel ; Křeček, Jan (advisor) ; Bednařík, Petr (referee)
The thesis examines, how the journal Rudé právo reflected reforms of Michail Gorbachev in the Soviet Union in period 1985 - 1990. Gorbachev tried to transform Soviet economy into a model that would include elements of the free market. Gorbachev also enforced democratic system of government and freedom of speech. To the Western part of the world Gorbachev offered negotiations on disarmament and destruction of nuclear weapons. By this initiative Gorbachev contributed to the end of the cold war. Gorbachev never thought about transition of the Soviet Union into capitalism and leaving the communist ideology. In Gorbachev's meaning communism was the only right ideology and reforms should modernize the Soviet system and enable next building of socialism. In the thesis quantitative content analysis has been used. This method allowed to obtain the necessary information. Thesis also informs about the role of Gorbachev's reforms and their process. Thesis than presents impact of these reforms to collapse of the USSR. By the content analysis range of editions of the journal Rudé právo in period 1985 - 1990 was explored. Relevant texts were evaluated according to the variables of analysis. 584 texts were analysed and therefore enough information to answer the hypotheses was obtained. Thesis also evaluates the objectivity...
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