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Methods of investigation of murders - selected issues
Dolejská, Anna ; Štourač, Petr (advisor) ; Konrád, Zdeněk (referee)
OF THE THESIS IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE The methodology of murder investigation (selected issues) The methodology of murder investigation is one of the areas of the special criminalistics, which attends to the methods of investigation of individual criminal offenses. In consideration of the variability of murders and of the overall natural development of the company, it is necessary to be consulting also the methodology of investigation as the process which is dynamic and subject to the development. One of the essential and the relatively unknown phenomenon in this area of the last time was the increase in committed murders made to order - hired murders. This type of murder is at the same time often the link with another relatively new phenomenon of post-revolutionary period in the territory of the Czech Republic, the organized crime. The purpose of the thesis is except for the outline of general procedure during the homicide investigation also to point out some specific features concerning the hired murders and the murders planted in the context of organized crime. The forced theme is in this direction the characteristic of the personality of a hired murderer. In consideration of the fact that the murder and the personality of the murderer in general is very often the subject of the research of the...
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Webs of crime: Corruption in the perspective of social network analysis
Diviák, Tomáš ; Podaná, Zuzana (advisor) ; Buriánek, Jiří (referee)
In this thesis, I attempt to apply the network perspective to the study of corruption. First, I deal with current state of theory and research on corruption, which I find to be ignoring relations and interactions among offenders themselves. Then I review literature in the field of covert and criminal networks. The theoretical part of this thesis ends with brief descriptions of two major cases of political corruption in the Czech Republic - so called Nagy case and Rath case. In the methodological part, I introduce basic concepts of social network analysis as well as methods for positional analysis, especially the blockmodelling. In my research, I deal with exploratory analysis of both the aforementioned networks. Using proxy data, I analyse cohesion, centralization, centrality measures and cliques in these networks. Then I use conventional blockmodeling to search for roles and positions within these networks. My results suggest that both networks are dense and centralized with overlapping cliques contrary to other covert networks possibly accounting for their eventual disruption and failure. Positional analysis using varius methods such as CONCOR or different types of cluster analysis reveals a structure resembling the core-periphery model, which is supported by measuring coreness and finding a good...
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Cooperating accused
Hula, Ondřej ; Krupička, Jiří (advisor) ; Tlapák Navrátilová, Jana (referee)
Zusammenarbeitende Angeklagte Diese Diplomarbeit befasst sich mit der Problematik des Instituts des "zusammenarbeitenden Angeklagten", dessen Regelung in die strafrechtlichen Vorschriften durch die Novelle des Strafgesetzbuches Nr. 41/2009 Slg. verankert wurde, die am 1. 1. 2010 in Kraft trat. Die Tschechische Republik reagierte hiermit auf die Aufforderungen der internationalen Organisationen, die die Aufnahme der für die Bekämpfung der organisierten Kriminalität nötigen rechtlichen Instrumente verlangten. Das Phänomen des "zusammenarbeitenden Angeklagten", bzw. des Kronzeugen ruft rege Fachdebatten hervor, denn es stellt ein kontroverses Thema dar. Die Straftäter können nämlich für ihre Zusammenarbeit mit den im konkreten Fall tätigen Organen mit bis zur vollständigen Straffreiheit belohnt werden. Vor allem setzt sich diese Arbeit zum Ziel, die wirksame Rechtsregelung des "zusammenarbeitenden Angeklagten" zu beschreiben, auf einige strittige Aspekte aufmerksam zu machen und zu beurteilen, ob die Verankerung dieses Rechtsinstruments als gerecht gesehen werden kann. Die Diplomarbeit besteht aus sechs Grundkapiteln, die weiter aufgegliedert und ausführlicher ausgearbeitet werden. Im ersten Kapitel liegt der Schwerpunkt in der Klassifikation der Begriffe "zusammenarbeitender Angeklagter" und...
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Issues in organized crime
Fiala, Adam ; Fiala, Miloš (advisor) ; Vilášek, Josef (referee)
Name: Issues in organized crime Aims of the thesis: 1. To define and classify organized crime 2. To describe historical development of organized crime 3. To analyze organized crime in the states where its presence has become evident i.e. Italy, USA, Russia and Japan 4. To characterize the main activities of organized crime 5. To define the means of fighting organized crime Methods: When analyzing organized crime, it is impossible to use research methods that would comprise direct contact with a criminal environment. Indirect evidence was used to compile the thesis. Methods of research: 1. The use of information from publications 2. Analysis of documents 3. Research into selected legal means of fighting organized crime 4. Content analysis of the press 5. Statistics Results: Various views on organized crime, its features and its typology have been defined. Its causes and the conditions under which organized crime arises, as well as its beginnings, were described. Findings about organized crime in selected countries were analyzed; attention was drawn to history, the present day and occurrences and activities of the main organized groups. The main activities of organized crime were described in four groups, focusing on their description, organization and the legal issues. Eventually, possible means of...
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Comparison of crime organisations Cosa Nostra and `Ndrangheta
Denemark, Jan ; Mejstřík, Martin (advisor) ; Menclová, Barbora (referee)
The theme of my bachelor thesis is a comparison of the organized crime, especially the study of the structures of criminal organizations such as Cosa Nostra and 'ndrangheta. Because these structures have a significant difference in their style of building their own hierarchies and they are working quite differently in general, I would like to focus on and answer the crucial question in my thesis, to what extent these differences affect the fact that 'ndrangheta is now the most important mafia in Italy instead of Cosa Nostra. The fact that Cosa Nostra and 'ndrangheta are so different in their own structures, their detail comparison is offered in every part of their organization. Besides the description of the social base and the historical evolution which we cannot skip and besides the comprehensive exploration of the development context I would like to focus in my second part of the thesis on the fact how the differences between them influence the major decisions. I will describe especially the difference between the last approximately forty years because on this era we can easily see the difference between the success of these two organizations. While Cosa Nostra is nowadays a shadow of her historical fame 'ndrangheta in this period took over and now this organization is the number one when it...
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Forms of crime committed by organized crime
Hamouz, Tomáš ; Gřivna, Tomáš (advisor) ; Bohuslav, Lukáš (referee)
107 Forms of crime committed by organized crime - Abstract The aim of this work was to map the range of criminal offenses and other criminal acts perpetrated by perpetrators of organized crime. Members and supporters of criminal organizations commit a large number of different offenses, primarily with the intention of obtaining illegal profits. However, some actions aim at legalizing previous revenues, establishing contacts in police, justice, and public administration, or to prevent these groups from being exposed. A specific crime may have multiple meanings in the overall strategy of the organized crime subject. Such an act is committed to both profits and cover- up (eg murder, extortion). This work is divided into three parts. The first part, consisting of Chapter 1, deals with the theoretical and legal definition of organized crime and other related concepts, such as organized groups and organized criminal groups. For these characteristics, both professional treatises and legal regulations are used, including international conventions, EU legislation and the laws of the Czech Republic. This section also provides a demonstrative list of the main criminal activities of organized crime. The second part, consisting of chapters 2 and 3, focuses on the historical development of organized crime and the...
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Outcomes of the operation of the international commission CICIG in the fight against corruption and organized crime in Guatemala
Melíšek, David ; Krausz Hladká, Malvína (advisor) ; Parízek, Michal (referee)
The thesis examines the results of the international commission against impunity in Guatemala (CICIG), founded in 2006 by an agreement between the government of Guatemala and the UN. It represents a unique tool of UN, connecting in its mandate national and international elements, whose singular goal is a fight against contemporary national crimes, in contrast to a more classical model of UN, which focuses predominantly on international or past crimes. The thesis tries to answer whether the level of corruption and presence of organized crime in the state institutions was lowered during the mandate of CICIG, whether the level of impunity was lowered at the national courts and how big of a role could be attributed to CICIG. The analysis is diveded into two parts. In the first one, based on a few key indicators, the institutional situation in crime prosecution in Guatemala is evaluated before and after the mandate of CICIG. In the second one, with the use of a process-tracing method, the role of CICIG in 3 key cases is analysed, especially concerning the power of its influence in Guatemala. A short discussion about the good and bad characteristics of the CICIG model concludes the thesis.
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Mexico's dual approach at the southern border : clash of realism and humanitarianism
Vrchota, Petr ; Kozák, Kryštof (advisor) ; Ditrych, Ondřej (referee)
In my thesis I will show the case of Mexico, a country that is struggling hard to fulfill its principles of national security - one of the most characteristic features of Mexico's policies. Simultaneously, Mexico is making efforts to fulfill human rights' obligations of both its nationals and foreigners. Increasingly especially since the turn of the millennia, the United States has been fortifying its border with Mexico with the aim to prevent the Mexican and other immigrants reaching the United States illegally. Yet, hard-line border controls and migration-related policies have not been adopted solely by the United States, but also Mexico has played a dominant role in fortifying its border areas, especially along the southern border with Belize and Guatemala. My research questions would then focus on what is driving Mexico to adopt dual approach towards Central American migrants along Mexico's southern border, and why is Mexico balancing between realistic principles of national security and human rights' obligations, which has espoused by signing and ratifying international conventions?
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Cooperating defendant
Stupková, Lucie ; Jelínek, Jiří (advisor) ; Herczeg, Jiří (referee)
- Cooperating defendant The aim of the thesis, which deals with the legislation of a cooperating defendant in the Czech Republic, is in particular to provide a comprehensive view of the institute of cooperating defendant in a broader context, to point out the shortcomings of current legislation and to propose suitable solutions de lege ferenda. In the first part, the author deals with the definition of organized crime in the criminological and criminal perspective. The thesis discusses the historical evolution of the phenomenon of organized crime, analyses individual characteristics of organized crime, shows forms of crime committed by organized crime, differs organized crime from the other forms of group criminality and deals with the problematic definition of organized crime at the international level. Further the thesis deals with provisions of the Czech law, which relate to the area of organized crime. This part of the thesis also introduces readers to the numbers of prosecuted, accused (defendants) and convicted persons of the crime of participation in an organized criminal group (before year 2010 crime of participation in a criminal organization) for the last 10 years. The second chapter pays attention to the short historical excursion to the beginnings of application of the institute of...
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State and Organised Crime in Serbia under Milošević
Andrlová, Anna ; Tejchman, Miroslav (advisor) ; Žíla, Ondřej (referee)
Bachelor's thesis State and Organised Crime in Serbia under Milošević deals with the extent and manner of the connection between state and non-state actors in relation to serious crime offenses. The thesis explores the specific characteristics of state crime which are demonstrated on the case study of former Yugoslavia, more precisely the nineties Serbia and the Serbian ethnic group. Firstly, the combination of criminological theories is introduced. Subsequently, the theoretical approach is used to describe the actors' positions and crime types they were involved in. The research is focused on specific criminal practices and the connection of main actors from state and non-state sector, e.g. state coercive forces, paramilitaries or corporates.
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