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Modal Particles in German and Czech. A Contrastive Analysis using the example of eben, etwa and bloß
FOUSKOVÁ, Jana
This bachelor thesis deals with issue of modality and its expression in German and Czech. The theoretical part is describing modality in both languages. These chapters deal with describing and defining German and Czech particles. There are introduced mainly modal particles that are the most important for this topic. The end of the theoretical part dedicates to express modality, modal verbs, and modal words. The Empirical part of bachelor thesis is formed by contrastive analysis of three chosen modal particles - eben, etwa and bloß. The basis for analysis was the parallel corpus Intercorp, from which documentary proofs for the above particles in German and Czech were randomly generated. On examples are introduced Czech equivalents corresponding with analysed German particles. At the end the results of contrastive analysis are compared with the equivalents of German modal particles that offer selected Czech translation dictionaries.
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Modality in the Teaching of German as a Foreign Language
BEČKOVÁ, Nikola
This diploma thesis focuses on problems with expressing modality in German language system. It also deals with modality adaptation in contemporary textbooks for teaching German as a foreign language at CEFR level A1-A2. In the beginning the thesis deals with theoretical adaptation of modality and ist possibilities of expressing in grammatical and lexical system of contemporary German Language. The end of theoretical part pays attention to teaching German as a foreign language, especially to problems with grammar arrangement or more precisely modality. The empirical part focuses on analysis of modality presentation in selected textbooks at CEFR level A1-A2 at lower secondary schools and corresponding grammar schools. The attention is aimed at formal, pragmatic and stylistic aspect of presenting the phenomenon, as well as comprehensibility, suitability and reasonability of its adaptation.
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Modality in German and Czech. A Contrastive Analysis
ZAPOMĚLOVÁ, Anna
This bachelor thesis deals with the contrastive analysis of modality and its expression in Czech and German. The theoretical part of the thesis introduces the problem of modality and the possibility of its expression in both languages; then modality is presented contrastively. The focus is mainly on modal verbs, modal particles and verb forms expressing modality. The practical part deals with the research itself, which is devoted to the contrastive comparison of modality in Czech and in German. For this purpose a corpus of parallel texts in Czech and German is created. Due to the character of the discussed phenomenon, Czech and German narrative texts are used, which offer sufficient amount of text stylistically diverse thanks to the essayistic elements; they also offer plenty of material for the analysed phenomenon.
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The modal verbal periphrases and their equivalents in Czech and Slovak
Výrosteková, Dominika ; Kratochvílová, Dana (advisor) ; Čermák, Petr (referee)
In this paper, we will investigate Spanish modal verbal periphrasis. My decision to choose this topic was based on different conceptions of verb construction in languages such as Spanish, Czech, and Slovak, where they are percieved more like modal verbs. This paper consists of two parts. The first is dedicated to theoretical enlightenment of the terms we are working with and to compare the different approaches in Spanish and Czech linguistic tradition. In the second part, we will clarify the modal verbal periphrasis that will validate the investigation in the other section. We will then study them by corpus analysis by using the parallel corpus, InterCorp. The main goal of this work is to determine different methods of translating Spanish modal periphrasis into the Czech and Slovak languages. Key words modality, modal verbs, verbal periphrasis, deber, tener que, poder, haber de
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Modal verb "be" and its Czech counterparts
Tomšová, Karolina ; Brůhová, Gabriela (advisor) ; Čermák, Jan (referee)
The present thesis studies the English modal verb be and its Czech translation counterparts. The aim of this work is to analyse its Czech translation counterparts and outline the methods that are most frequently used to translate this construction. The modal verb be is examined in construction with both the active and passive infinitive as well as in the present form or the past form of the infinitive. Next, the modal verb be is analysed from the syntactic point of view as the types of sentences in which the modal be occurs most frequently are examined. The thesis consists of two parts: the theoretical background which introduces the topic of the modal verb be and the empirical part which analyses one hundred examples taken from the Parallel Corpora InterCorp. Five key areas are examined in the analysis: the modality expressed by the modal verb be, the Czech translation counterparts of the deontic and epistemic use of the modal verb be, the voice in which the infinitive in the construction with the modal verb be occurs and the types of sentences in which the modal be appears most frequently. The findings acquired in the analysis are summarized in the conclusion.
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English conditional clauses and their Czech translation counterparts
Dunková, Jiřina ; Brůhová, Gabriela (advisor) ; Malá, Markéta (referee)
72 ABSTRACT The present work studies the English unreal/hypothetical conditional clauses with past time reference and their Czech translation counterparts. The conditional clauses studied are connected to the matrix clauses either syndetically by if or unless, or they are asyndetically by an inversion. The focus of the study is to examine the ways by which the English conditional clauses with the pluperfect tense are translated into Czech. Attention is also paid to the conjunctions used in the Czech translation counterparts. Next, the analysis focuses on the different types of conditionals in which the pluperfect is used and on the modal verbs used in the matrix clauses of the English conditional sentences containing a conditional clause. It is also examined how the various types of conditionals and the modal verbs in the matrix clauses influence the form of the Czech translation counterparts. The analysis is performed on one hundred example sentences that have been excerpted from the InterCorp, the parallel English- Czech corpora provided through the web pages of the Czech National Corpora. The data collected were of two kinds; the first, larger group consists of English original sentences with their Czech translation counterparts and the second group consists of Czech original sentences with their English...
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Some problems in translating modal verbs structures from German to Czech
Kratochvílová, Jana ; Dovalil, Vít (advisor) ; Kloudová, Věra (referee)
The subject matter of this diploma thesis is linguistic modality in German with focus on certain problems in translating modal verbs structures from German to Czech. In the theoretical part, the concept of modality as well as the differentiation of modal field is elucidated. Besides the usually used classification of subjective and objective modality, a more precise structure is applied, which is that of epistemic and non-epistemic modality. In addition, in the field of non-epistemic modality, two other sub-types are distinguished according to whether a speaker s evaluation is present or not. The practical part methodologically relies on concrete data such as modal verbs used with perfect infinitive or modal verbs in past perfect tense (Plusquamperfekt) and their translations from German to Czech. Based on selected examples, the aim of this thesis is to emphasize the main differences between Czech and German modality and to underline their essential significance to the translation accuracy.
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Some problems in translating modal means in a contrastive manner
Nováková, Ludmila ; Dovalil, Vít (advisor) ; Maroszová, Jana (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with modality in German and highlights possible problems which can arise when modal formulations are translated from German into Czech. It focuses on modal verbs, which are presented as a special verb group. Knowledge of modal verbs is the basic prerequisite for accurate translation as far as semantics, grammar and stylistics are concerned. Since the correct identification of modality in a sentence essentially influences the accuracy of a translation, modality is considered exhaustively. Data was gathered from the parallel corpus Intercorp (project of parallel corpuses of The Faculty of Arts of Charles University in Prague), the Coocurrency Database (CCDB) IDS Mannheim which competes with the parallel corpus InterCorp, and original German fiction texts and their Czech translations and was the subject of comparative critical analysis. These analyses demonstrate the problematic phenomena encountered when German modal formulations are translated into Czech.
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English modal verbs - EMSA update
Škardová, Zuzana ; Šaldová, Pavlína (advisor) ; Malá, Markéta (referee)
This diploma thesis aims to contribute to the proposed project concerning the update of the multi-media application EMSA (Elektronická mluvnice současné angličtiny, The electronic grammar of contemporary English). This project is based on the text of Mluvnice současné angličtiny na pozadí češtiny [Grammar of contemporary English against the background of Czech] by Professor PhDr. Libuše Dušková, DrSc. et al., which was digitalized and can be accessed at the website www.mluvniceanglictiny.cz. In the future, this application aims to contain supplementary texts, relevant bibliographic information, exercises, authentic examples acquired from electronic corpora, etc. The particular task of this diploma thesis is the critical revision of chapter 8.4 Modal verbs. The first step was the survey of relevant literature and identification of parts which are not explicitly covered by Dušková's original text. These findings are presented in the theoretical part of the thesis (chapter 1.); they are concerned mainly with theoretical definitions (e.g. the delimitation of central and marginal modals or kinds of modality) and information concerning the distribution and recent developments of modal verbs. The second main step was to compile these findings into texts which would be suitable for the use in the project...
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Use of modality in Danish and Czech with focus on modal verbs
Nedělčevová, Anna ; Štajnerová, Petra (advisor) ; Hartlová, Dagmar (referee)
The Bachelor Thesis deals with the comparison of the use of modality in Czech and Danish. At the beginning of the Thesis, the term modality is introduced. In the following part the possibilities of expressing modality in both languages are briefly described and the next part is focused on the modal verbs. The reader is acquainted with the analysis concerning translation from Czech to Danish and vice versa using the text Nesnesitelná lehkost bytí from Milan Kundera and its translation to Danish in corpus of parallel texts. The findings obtained from the analysis aim to specify semantic description of modal verbs presented in accessible grammar books. In addition, this new description takes in consideration the needs of Czech speaker.
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