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The influence of gestational diabetes mellitus on managememt and course of labour
Martináková, Kristýna ; Anderlová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Šimják, Patrik (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with gestational diabetes and its influence on the management and course of labour and early neonatal adaptation. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common perinatal complications that poses risks to both mother and fetus. The fetus is particularly at risk for diabetic fetopathy with macrosomia, which can be a complication during the labour. Depending on the compensation of diabetes and the birth weight of the baby, the mother is at risk of more severe birth injuries. The aim of this study was to determine whether gestational diabetes has an effect on the management and course of labour compared to women without diabetes. We also attempted to clarify whether mothers with gestational diabetes suffer more extensive perineal lacerations, whether the average birth weight of newborns of mothers with GDM is higher, and whether GDM is associated with poorer postpartum adaptation. These objectives were complemented by 3 hypotheses that helped to meet the stated objectives. The research part of the study consisted in retrospective collection of patient data from the MEDEA system at the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, First Medical Faculty of Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague. The data were collected from November 2021 to...
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Economic crisis in 1929-1934 and its impact on the Jablonec glass industry with special reference to Železný Brod region
Bursová, Veronika ; Jakubec, Ivan (advisor) ; Bareš, Jiří (referee)
A B S T R A C T This thesis analyzes the impact of the economic crisis in 1929-1934 on the Jablonec glass making with main attention to the district Železný Brod. One of the main causes of decline of the Czechoslovak glass industry in the first half of the 30s of 20th century was formed by pro-export focus. The region of Železný Brod and Jablonec nad Nisou had represented sites with major export, production and refining of glass that were for this reason by the economic crisis strongly affected. Deteriorating economic conditions at the beginning of 30s have resulted in intensified state intervention in industry, including the glass manufacturing as one of the most affected industrial areas. Because mostly cartels had regulatory function in the industry, a number of agreements among the glass producers in Jablonec nad Nisou and Železný Brod area were concluded. This thesis considers with different types of production and refining of the glass in order to offer the complete overview over the glass production in districts Jalonec nad Nisou and Železný Brod. The second part puts also emphasis on the social status of domestic craftsmen considering their relations with employers, which determined in times of economic crisis the legislation enacted after establishment of the Czechoslovak Republic, in the 20s and...
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Active management of labour and its effects on woman's psyche.
Letáková, Veronika ; Vitásková, Hana (advisor) ; Přáda, Jan (referee)
The theme of my thesis is Active management of labour and its effects on woman's psyche. The work is devided into a theoretical part and a practical part. The theoretical section describes labour and stages of labour, its active management and psyche of women during their pregnancy and after the labour. The main aim of the practical part of my bachelor thesis was to find out whether women have a clue about what is active manegement of birth and how they felt during the intervention in labour. To achieve the aims of quantitative research method has been selected in the form of a questionnaire survey. Research was conducted using a questionnaire which women fill voluntarily and anonymously. 238 women completed the questionnaire, 235 questionnaires were used for the research. The research has found that more than half of women have no idea what active management of labour is. As we assumed in our hypotheses, most women were informed and had the choice of the interventions in childbirth and the positive feelings of individual interventions outweighed the negative feelings. Furthermore, our hypothesis has been confirmed, that more tearful and anxious are women after childbirth with episiotomy and greater injury than women with less or no injury. Similarly, the hypothesis that a delivery with epidural...
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Protection of a child's work
Bajneková, Lucia ; Koldinská, Kristina (advisor) ; Hůrka, Petr (referee)
Despite humanity's considerable efforts to stop it child labour remains a global problem. In the international context child labour means the labour of persons younger than 15 years. Despite all the activities of the International Labour Organization (ILO), UN, European Community, UNICEF and other international and national institutions child labour was not completely swept away. Efforts to abolish child labour date back to 1919 when the first meeting of the International Labour Conference was held where, similarly to the following two meetings, convention concerning minimum age for admission to employment were adopted. Its content has been gradually revised and it has eventually been replaced by Convention No. 138 which was included among the ILO's eight priority conventions. Nevertheless it is not possible to argue that child labour is the problem exclusive to the "third world" countries. Although the Labour Code prohibits labour of children under 15 years of age, we can encounter children performing in theatres, films, commercials, modelling, earning extra money at gas stations or distributing leaflets on a daily basis in Czech Republic. These are all activities on which children spend many hours, they do a lot of work and they often earn a considerable amount of money. In many cases we can see...
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The transformation of Czech society in the 1930s
Baloun, Pavel ; Spurný, Matěj (advisor) ; Rákosník, Jakub (referee)
The so-called Second Czechoslovak Republic (1938-1939) is used to be portrayed as the dark age, when obscure, fascist elements came to lights. This period is ussually put in opposition to the previous First Czechoslovak Republic (1918-1938). In this thesis the main argument consist of questioning the continuity between these two allegedly contradictory historical times through the analysis of special legislation - state of exception -, which was adopted in purpose to deal with defending the democracy in Czechoslovakia between 1933 and 1938. The State Protection Act (1936) implemented into legal discourse special term for potential - in the case of war - enemies of the state: "state unreliable persons". This category of "reliability" was understood as nationality and part of far more complex national consensus by all contemporary agents, which legitimizes the state intervention primarily into the economic sphere. In the centre of national consensus stood transformed labour: collective duty for the nation. Until 1938, among contemporary agents, exists strong notion that realization the state of exception in the case of war and therefore national consensus cannot be fully realized because of international minority laws. But during the Second Republic (1938-1939) different agents used language of...
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Technologies, endowment and foreign trade: testing the Heckscher-Ohlin model on Czech data
Kroulíková, Šárka ; Semerák, Vilém (advisor) ; Jeřábek, Jakub (referee)
One may observe a growing trend of figure measuring the ration between export and gross domestic product that applies for almost all countries. In response to this phenomenon theories dealing with international trade becomes more important. The capability to identify some trends in commodity movements and determine advantages rising from bilateral trade are key aspects of economic growth and country development. This thesis deals with the analysis of international trade between Czech Republic and Germany. Fundamental determinant of trade between countries is Heckscher-Ohlin Theorem and as my research instrument I choose Input-Output methodology. I decided to use two types of calculation, while evaluating the validity of mentioned theory. First is Leontief methodology from 1954, which led to famous Leontief paradox. Second and more modern approach is the one developed by Riedel in 1974. In quantitative part of my analysis I focused my attention on two calculations with purpose to state factor endowment and country's production intensity. The meaning of this analysis is to confirm the validity of Heckscher-Ohlin Theorem, which would lead to conclusion that commodity movement between Czech Republic and Germany is driven by neoclassical theory of comparative advantage.
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Labour and motherhood
Hlaváčková, Hedvika ; Kubišová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Jirásková, Věra (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the topic of work and motherhood. The first chapter of the theoretical part is concerned with the historical context and describes the development of woman's role in the labour market. The second chapter talks about trends and changes in the Czech family and also about the family politics in the Czech Republic. The broadest chapter of this part is aimed at the support that working mother gets to ease work-life balance. This support is divided into three groups - national assistance, employer support, family and public support. The last chapter of the theoretical part discusses the reasons why women come back to labour market earlier than they planned. The methodological part contains information about the survey, its strategy and technique. The research part describes the analysis of the data and their comparison to the theoretical findings. Key words: gender, labour, work, motherhood, qualitative research, maternity and parent leave, work-life balance, support, labour market
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The role of Czechoslovak unions in the years 1945-1948
Padevět, Pavel ; Kocian, Jiří (advisor) ; Kučera, Jaroslav (referee)
Základy odborového hnutí byly v českých zemích položeny na přelomu 19. a 20. století. Dělníci v nich nalezli způsob, jak bojovat se zaměstnavateli o vylepšení svých pracovních, mzdových a sociálních podmínek. Někdy se opravdu jednalo o ekonomický boj, když dělníci zahájili stávku a přerušili tím výrobu, jindy stačila dohoda po společném vyjednávání. K větší efektivitě prosazování svých požadavků se od vzniku Československa pokoušeli odboráři propracovat sjednocením, ale z důvodu politické různorodosti všechna jejich jednání skončila neúspěchem. Odborová jednota nastala až po okupaci nacistickým Německem a pod rouškou legálnosti odborů se v nich začala utvářet významná odbojová skupina. Poválečná obnova státu, na které se odbory měly nemalou měrou podílet, byla ve spojení s jejich tehdejší popularitou velkou příležitostí vytvořit pro zaměstnance co nejpříznivější podmínky. Ozbrojené stráže závodů, ve kterých na výrobu dohlížely závodní rady podléhající odborové pravomoci, nebo správa národního pojištění byly novými benefity, pomocí kterých se měly zlepšovat pracovní a mzdové podmínky pracujících. Odbory však v té době již ztratily svou tvář a jejich členská základna svou nespokojenost dávala najevo stávkami a demonstracemi.
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