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Horizon and Alterity in Husserl
Lünser, Julian Alexander ; Novotný, Karel (advisor) ; Brudzinska, Jagna (referee)
Julian Lünser Master's Thesis Master Erasmus Mundus: Europhilosophie Charles University, Prague 5th May 2023 Abstract Horizon and Alterity in Husserl The problem of alterity was not thematised frontally by Husserl, in contrast to the work of later phenomenologists. Notwithstanding, following the thesis that is defended here, it is possible to conceive of an implicit conception of alterity in Husserl's writings. Such a conception shows itself in a more precise analysis of Husserl's concept of the horizon which stands in an ambivalent relation to alterity: On the one hand, the horizon structure refers to a non-given excess, and thus opens up alterity; on the other hand, this excess is always already, at least minimally, prescribed and hence withdraws the otherness from the alterity. This ambivalent relation is described in the course of this master's thesis on different levels. This allows to distinguish between the alterity of the immediately appearing, exemplified by things and the own self, and the alterity of the mediately appearing, such as the other person. While it is possible to directly explicate and hence test the horizons of the immediatly appearing, such a possibility is not given for the apperception of the mediately appearing. In addition, the temporal structure of the appearance of alterity is...
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An attempt at an ontological critique of Wilhelm Dilthey's conception of resistance
Sajvera, David ; Novák, Aleš (advisor) ; Nitsche, Martin (referee) ; Benyovszky, Ladislav (referee)
An attempt at an ontological critique of Wilhelm Dilthey's conception of resistance The starting point of the paper is Wilhelm Dilthey's conception of resistance as a pre-reflective experience of separation of the Self and the outer world. This emerges in the very early (prenatal) stages of ontogenesis and forms the basis of our belief in the reality of outer world. We try to explicate Dilthey's insights more precisely by pursuing the interpretation of his conception by other authors, confronting it with a phenomenological approach and reflecting on the possibilities of ontological grounding of the term. Dilthey's analysis of resistance met with explicit responses from Martin Heidegger and Max Scheler, and became one of the main topics of a debate between them, triggered by Scheler's response to Being and Time. Heidegger rejects Dilthey's concept of resistance, claiming that resistance is characteristic of an ontic entity, but it never characterizes the world in the ontological sense. Resistance always presupposes the disclosure of the world, and also disclosed is that which our will or instinct aim for. A key role here is played by the existential structure of Sorge. Scheler revises Dilthey's original concept and purifies it from some untenable ontic characteristics (e.g. resistance as a content...
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Identity of Carpathian Germans in the Era of Interwar Czechoslovakia
Stachová, Monika ; Spurný, Matěj (advisor) ; Michela, Miroslav (referee)
The bachelor thesis Identity of Carpathian Germans in the Era of Interwar Czechoslovakia addresses the identification issue of Carpathian Germans in Slovakia. Furthermore on the background of broader social, cultural and economical context, it attempts to express to what extent German population identified itself with the construct of the Carpathian-German identity, respectively with other identities, e.g. local identities. Apart from that, it focuses on the genesis of this term as such, as well as on alterations of its content. The thesis deals with inter alia the relations among other minorities and loyalty to the interwar Czechoslovakian state. Moreover, it examines, whether the collective identity of entire German population living in Slovakia was created or not. In connection to that, it outlines a question, which role the Germans coming from the Czech lands and other features played in the process of forming the Carpathian-German identity. Key words: identity, alterity, nationalism, loyalty, minority policy, the Carpathian German Party (KdP), the Zipser German Party (ZdP), memory, local patriotism
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Identity of Carpathian Germans in the Era of Interwar Czechoslovakia
Stachová, Monika ; Spurný, Matěj (advisor) ; Michela, Miroslav (referee)
The bachelor thesis Identity of Carpathian Germans in the Era of Interwar Czechoslovakia addresses the identification issue of Carpathian Germans in Slovakia. Furthermore on the background of broader social, cultural and economical context, it attempts to express to what extent German population identified itself with the construct of the Carpathian-German identity, respectively with other identities, e.g. local identities. Apart from that, it focuses on the genesis of this term as such, as well as on alterations of its content. The thesis deals with inter alia the relations among other minorities and loyalty to the interwar Czechoslovakian state. Moreover, it examines, whether the collective identity of entire German population living in Slovakia was created or not. In connection to that, it outlines a question, which role the Germans coming from the Czech lands and other features played in the process of forming the Carpathian-German identity. Key words: identity, alterity, nationalism, loyalty, minority policy, the Carpathian German Party (KdP), the Zipser German Party (ZdP), memory, local patriotism
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Representation of "disabilty" and strategies of popularisation in pages of newspaper "Úchylná mládež" 1925 - 1938
Satinová, Gabriela ; Storchová, Lucie (advisor) ; Stella, Marco (referee)
The thesis deals with discourse analysis of a texts published in the magazine "Úchylná mládež". I focus above all on ways, in which bodily "ab/normality" was represented and produced within the Czech eugenic discourse in the first half of the 20th century. The goal of this work is to find out how eugenics influenced the period understanding of ab/normality and how it contributed to perception of ideas of productivity of disabled body. In the work I develop the thesis, that eugenic largely contributed to the incorporation of the disabled body into the productive "collective body" of the national community by supervising and controlling acts, when the "individual body" became a part of "social" and "political" body in the public discourse. Using the conceptual framework of "biopower", I aim at ways in which healthy body was constructed by means of definition of "risky groups". In the work, discursive practices are analysed that made possible to discuss bodily and mental abnormality and to define it in connection with eugenic doctrine and how productivity of disabled body was referred to. In the work, speech agents are analysed that define categories or imaginings about ab/normality.
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