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Chronic somatic disease in adolescence
Slezák, Tomáš ; Hrachovinová, Tamara (advisor) ; Slavík, Radovan (referee)
The aim of this work is to introduce the problematic of chronic somatic illness in adolescence. In some parts the ontogenetical approach is used. We describe the experience of the impacts of the illness in the area of closest relationship of the adolescent and his need to be seen as normal. The influence on family relationships is also described. So is the question of adherence and the relationship between the adolescent and health-staff. We describe also the influence on school performance and peers relationships. Attitudes of the adolescent to the future are also a topic of this work. Chapter seven describes possible psychosocial interventions for the adolescent and the family systém. The research proposal is aimed to find relationships between the HRQOL of adolescents suffering from psoriasis and their age, sex and some aspects of social and behavioral functioning. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Beliefs about medicines, Complementary and Alternative Medicine Use and Medication Adherence
Drapáková, Tereza ; Matoulková, Petra (advisor) ; Malý, Josef (referee)
1 ABSTRACT BELIEFS ABOUT MEDICINES, COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE USE AND MEDICATION ADHERENCE Student: Drapáková Tereza Tutor: PharmDr. Matoulková Petra, Ph.D. Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic Introduction: Medication non-adherence is a very complex problem across different diseases leading to failure of treatment and increasing costs for medical care. Medication adherence is influenced by various factors and is also connected with different patients' attitudes to classical pharmacotherapy and complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). CAM is nowadays quite often used option for chronically treated patients. Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to analyse medication adherence at chronically treated patients visiting pharmacies in the Czech Republic, their attitudes to CAM including percentage of using CAM, the most common reasons using CAM and which types of CAM are the most spread among asked patients. Methods: Questionnaires were distributed in pharmacies in the Czech Republic among patients 18 years old and older who were chronically treated for at least 3 months. Selected patients were asked to complete a questionnaire containing questions about CAM, Czech version of Medication Adherence...
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Qualitative aspects of adherence to antiresorptive treatment in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis
Ravingerová, Aneta ; Vytřísalová, Magda (advisor) ; Doseděl, Martin (referee)
QUALITATIVE ASPECTS OF ADHERENCE TO ANTIRESORPTIVE TREATMENT IN WOMEN WITH POSTMENOPAUSAL OSTEOPOROSIS Author: Aneta Ravingerová Supervisor: Magda Vytřísalová Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy INTRODUCTION: Compliance is using of medication in accordance with a prescription drug regimen. Qualitative aspect of compliance represents use of drugs in correct way. significantly affects treatment outcomes.Suboptimal compliance The study aim was to assess qualitative compliance with bisphosphonates (BIS)AIMS: among Czech women with osteoporosis in common clinical practice. METHODS: Data collection was performed using anonymous questionnaire in five outpatient Compliance with fivecentres in the Czech Republic from November 2012 to March 2013. dosing instructions for safe use and adequate absorption of BIS was evaluated. : A total of 363 patients were involved in the analysisRESULTS (mean age 68.9 years). once a week dosing forms ofPatients were treated with BIS - alendronate, alendronate + once a month dosing formvitamine D in a fixed combination, risedronate (N = 36.6 %) or - Only 46.6 % of respondents from weekly subgroup were compliantibandronate (N = 63.4 %). with all five dosing recommendations in monthly subgroup....
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Adherence to calcium and vitamin D supplementation in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis
Holcová, Radka ; Vytřísalová, Magda (advisor) ; Fuksa, Leoš (referee)
Adherence to calcium and vitamin D supplementation in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis Author: Radka Holcová Supervisor: Magda Vytřísalová Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy Introduction: The insufficient medication adherence is a very frequent problem with chronic asymptomatic diseases as osteoporosis which significantly influences the treatment outcome. The successful osteoporosis therapy is based on adequate supply of calcium and vitamin D. A lot of studies are focused on the adherence to antiresorptive treatment but the adherence to supplementation therapy is rarely evaluated. Aims: The aim of the study was to evaluate the adherence to calcium and vitamin D supplementation in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis. Methods: The adherence was evaluated using two different methods: self-reported questionnaire and the electronic monitoring by bottles type Medication Event Monitoring System (MEMS). This partial analysis of a multicentre study includes and assesses data from Osteocentre in Pardubice Regional Hospital. Results: The analysis was performed with 15 women (the average age of 73). The patients were treated with Caltrate 600 mg/400 IU D3 once a day for three months. The adherence during the entire period...
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Patients' attitudes to pharmacotherapy of osteoporosis
Theimerová, Hana ; Vytřísalová, Magda (advisor) ; Hendrychová, Tereza (referee)
1 ABSTRACT PATIENTS' ATTITUDES TO PHARMACOTHERAPY OF OSTEOPOROSIS Author: Hana Theimerová Supervisor: Magda Vytřísalová Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy INTRODUCTION: Patients' attitudes to treatment might be affected by various factors. These may vary in different generations as well as in different populations. The patients' attitudes to the treatment along with the illness may affect decision concerning the beginning, interruption or end of the treatment. That implies that the interaction between these factors and attitudes to the treatment is comprehensive. AIMS: The study aim was to evaluate the patients' attitudes to the treatment of osteoporosis based on the perception of necessity and concerns of treatment with oral bisphosphonates (BIS). METHODS: Data for the analysis were obtained using an anonymous questionnaire in five outpatient centres in the Czech Republic from November 2012 to March 2013. The patients' opinions concerning the BIS treatment were identified (necessity vs. concerns) using the Czech version of the "Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire Specific" (BMQ-CZ). RESULTS: A total of 363 patients were involved in the analysis (mean age 68.9 years). Patients were treated with once a week dosing forms of BIS -...
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Adherence to pharmacotherapy of osteoporosis
Santariová, Martina ; Vytřísalová, Magda (advisor) ; Doseděl, Martin (referee)
ADHERENCE TO PHARMACOTHERAPY OF OSTEOPOROSIS Author: Martina Santariová Supervisor: PharmDr. Magda Vytřísalová, Ph.D. Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy INTRODUCTION: Adherence is the extent to which the patient's behavior (using of medication, following recommended regimen) is in accordance with the advice of the health care provider. Adherence to pharmacotherapy of osteoporosis, including compliance and persistence, is still suboptimal. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was assessing of subjectively evaluated adherence with peroral bisphosphonates used to treat osteoporosis within Czech women. METHODS: A cross-sectional multicentre survey. Data collecting was carried out using anonymous questionnaire in five osteocenters in the Czech Republic. The research was performed between November 2012 and March 2013. Adherence was evaluated using a standardized questionnaire OS- MMAS (Osteoporosis-specific Morisky Medication Adherence Scale). RESULTS: A total of 363 postmenopausal women aged 55 years and older with osteoporosis or osteopenia were participated in the study. 133 (36,6 %) women used weekly dosage forms of BIS (alendronate, alendronate and vitamine D in a fixed combination, risedronate) and 230 (63,4 %) women used...
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Mystic of Eckhart Tolle
Všetečka, Jan ; Vogel, Jiří (advisor) ; Kolář, Pavel (referee)
This work brings the mysticism of Eckhart Tolle, spiritual teacher who combines his teaching various spiritual movements and religions. Tolle 's non-denominational teachings addressed to anyone looking for a way to break free from the drawbacks that entails today's way of life . Includes biography Eckhart Tolle . There are Tolle explains the main concepts of mind as mind , consciousness , being, ego , emotional body ( pain ), presence , silence, space , acceptance , surrender, awakening and liberation. The work shows Tolle confrontation to Christianity , Vedic teachings , Buddhism, Taoism, gnosis , Islam , and European philosophy and thinking. Critical responses to Tolle teachings are mostly positive. Tolle's non-dogmatic attitude precedes negative criticism . Briefly mentioned last Tolle 's actions concerning the school website for the book A New Earth Oprah Winfrey moderated . The like-minded personalities are exploring our spirituality detailed description of Edward Thomas as an important representative of Czech spiritual connection with yogic philosophy and practice, Jill Bolte Taylor, neuro ananatomist whose research activities and conclusions drawn from it , have a remarkable conformity with the teachings of Tolle . In conclusion, pointing to Eckhart Tolle as an important teacher of conscious...
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Survival of bifidobacteria in digestive tract of adult volunteers
Morgensternová, Tereza ; Vlková, Eva (advisor) ; Jitka, Jitka (referee)
Probiotics are living microorganisms, which contribute to health improvement.
The bacteria of the genus Bifidobacterium are one of the most commonly used probiotics. These bacteria are naturally occurring especially in the digestive tract of mammals. They affect the digestive process by helping to optimize the composition of the intestinal microbiota. The probiotic bacteria are expected to survive in the digestive tract and to be able to colonize the intestinal mucosa. The aim of this diploma thesis was to test bifidobacteria of different origin for certain functional properties. Three strains of bifidobacteria were selected: Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis DAN (isolated from Danone yoghurt), Bifidobacterium bifidum JKM (isolated from infant feces) and Bifidobacterium longum ssp. suis 5/9 (isolated from feces of a calf);
and tested in vitro a in vivo. The ability to survive in simulated conditions of digestive tract was tested. The bifidobacteria were exposed to low pH and bile salts. All the strains survived the conditions in unaltered amount till the end of the test. Autoaggregation was observed
as well. The strain Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis DAN showed average autoaggregation only 7,69 %. The other two strains had average autoaggregation 16,10 % and 79,05 %.
The autoaggregation correlated with adherence. Adherence was tested on intestinal cell lines
HT-29, Caco-2 and HT29-MTX, which differed in their ability to produce mucin. The strain Bifidobacterium bifidum JKM showed the best ability to adhere to intestinal cells among all the tested bifidobacteria. They best adhered to Caco-2 cells.
Further, it was necessary to determine if the in vitro study is in correlation with in vivo testing and the bifidobacteria strain with the best ability to adhere will survive in the digestive tract of adult volunteers for the longest time. Rifampicin resistant variants of tested bacteria were given to adult volunteers to distinguish the introduced bifidobacteria and
the bifidobacteria naturally occurring in intestine. All the tested bacteria survived the passage through the digestive tract in large numbers (106 a 107 KTJ/g), the bacteria were not detected 12th day after the introduction. None of the strains is able to permanently colonize the colon of the volunteers. The hypothesis was not confirmed that the most adherent strain
in the digestive tract will survive the longest.
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The Value of "Priessnitz Walking" as older adult exercise: issues of safety, adherence to the regimen, and fitness maintenance
Komínová, Olga ; Bitnar, Petr (advisor) ; Slabý, Kryštof (referee)
This diploma thesis presents a new form of outdoor activity called Priessnitz Walking, which means a connection of nordic walking, cooling limbs in a cold water and a yoga breathing exercises. A physiological grounds of each of its parts has been explained in the theoretical part of the thesis as well as its benefits for older people. Next to this, the thesis concerns about a physiology of aging and the importance of regular physical activity in later life. Our clinical experiment investigated an effect of PW during six-week training programe in older women attending Cardio Club Motol. A significant change in cardiorespiratory function and a positive subjective evaluation of the participates has been shown. Besides, we have found Priessnitz walking to be a save kind of endurance training for older people. A long-term adherance, which we also focused on, was not confirmed. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The Effect of Personal Causality Orientation on Adherence in Outpatient Physiotherapy
Kuta, Igor ; Niederlová, Markéta (advisor) ; Hrachovinová, Tamara (referee)
(in English) This master thesis deals with themes of motivations and compliance to treatment recommendations in outpatient physiotherapy. In the theoretical section it brings an introduction to the issue of adherence as a part of medical rehabilitation. It sheds some light on the importance of the research in this field and structures its span according to prescribed diagnoses and other criteria. It also shows distinctions in concepts of compliance, concordance and adherence and summarizes the findings of the most relevant directions of motivation research in this area of study. The aim of the empirical part is to capture relations between the distribution of patients' personal causality orientation and their adherence to treatment. Based on the results of a DOPO method, self-assessment of adherence and evaluation of adherence by the treating physiotherapist, from the sample of 69 patients it concludes, that there is no statistically significant relation between the aforementioned variables.
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