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Application of In situ TR Spectroelectrochemical Techniques in Determination of Redox Mechanism of Bioactive Compounds
Sokolová, Romana ; Jiroušková, Eliška ; Degano, I. ; Wantulok, J. ; Nycz, J.
The electron transfer reactions play an important role in many natural processes. Reactions such as \ndissociation, protonation, and reactions with water and other small molecules often occur in \nbiotransformation. The reaction schemes involving these chemical reactions coupled to the \nelectron transfer can be determined by cyclic voltammetry. Additionally, in \nsitu spectroelectrochemistry can efficiently contribute to the determination of oxidation or \nreduction mechanism. This technique provides information about the electroactive chromophore during \nthe redox process allowing to identification the first reaction intermediates. The final reaction \nproducts were identified by chromatographic techniques. This study represents a key role of TR \nspectroelectrochemistry in the determination of reaction intermediates in the case of \n1,10- phenanthroline derivative substituted by bioactive phenothiazine unit and \ndrug 3- fluorophenmetrazine (2-(3-fluorophenyl)-3-methylmorpholine, 3-FPM). Co pound 3-FPM\nhave recently appeared as the new psychoactive substance in the drug market.\n
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Didactic Use of Life Stories of Famous Musicians and Their Oeuvre to Prevent Addictions in High School
Hejčová, Kateřina ; Prokop, Jiří (advisor) ; Mojžíšová, Jarmila (referee)
The diploma thesis aims to give high school students an insight into an addiction to psychoactive substances as a complex problem affecting the health, social and professional areas, by using activities connected with the attractive topic of well-known personalities of the music scene; to provide them with an insight into the two faces of this issue (an illusive benefit at the beginning versus deepening later negative consequences) and lead them to consider the risks of using these substances outweighing the erroneously expected initial benefits. The thesis uses examples of life stories of personalities who themselves experienced addiction to psychoactive substances. The work concretely demonstrates the use of these life stories on practical examples of didactic activities for the following school subjects: English language, German language, and music. The given life stories or some of its moments are connected with the content of the curriculum of these subjects, they use verbal methods (work with song lyrics, a book excerpt, vocabulary in a foreign language), illustrative-demonstration methods (work with images), discussion methods, group/pair work, brainstorming, individual work of pupils. The assumption is that the individual aspects of the mentioned life stories associated with addiction will...
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Trade, protection of natural populations and reasons for using psychoactive cacti
ŠKRNOVÁ, Veronika
The aim of this work is to process the reasons and volume of trade in psychoactive plants of the Cactaceae family in recent decades for cultivation and altered state of human consciousness in the Czech Republic, to determine the origin, discuss the reasons for endangering natural populations of species since they all appear on list of CITES. Another goal is to analyze the benefits versus risks for modern man to altered states of consciousness. The tools for obtaining data were databases and questionnaires for growers and people with experience in using the studied species.
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Rehabilitation of family drug addicted parents
Dubová, Tereza ; Koťa, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Strouhal, Martin (referee)
DUBOVÁ, T. Rehabilitation of family drug addicted parents. Key words: Abstinence - oriented treatment, Dependance syndrome, Dysfunctional family, Rehabilitation of family, Resocialization, Withdrawal syndrome This thesis addresses the issue of drug addiction and parenting. It focuses on society's view on drug addicted parents and briefly defines the concept of addiction. The core work is the rehabilitation of these families and its various forms. It describes the role of professional institutions that deal with protecting the interests of the child and work with drug addicted parents and contributes to the rehabilitation of the family. The work also includes specific aspects of women's drug addiction and the consequences of substance use during pregnancy on the child. At the end of the theoretical chapter is devoted to professional institutions and their programs to work with the family. The practical part of this thesis includes three case studies that describe families of drug addicted parents and the way their efforts to restore or maintain the family.
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Nutritional behaviour of mothers abusing psychoactive substances
Mládková, Petra ; Marádová, Eva (advisor) ; Kučírek, Jiří (referee)
The thesis deals with the topic of nutrition and nutritional behavior of women using psychoactive substances and their awareness of the basic principles of adequate nutrition. The main area of research is the searching for the most common deficits in nutritional habits in a group of mothers enrolled in outpatient addictological program. The aim is to analyze that specified field and than estabilish a set of recommendations for clients of addiction services, which is focused on their re-education in the field of nutrition and wich contributes to the awareness of the target group. The theoretical part generally defines addiction and their most frequent comorbidities and while this part presents the basis for a healthy diet according to the dietary recommendations for the population of the Czech Republic. The practical part is focused on collecting informations from clients of outpatient program and using the method of questionnaire survey and subsequent evaluation of the collected data. For the purpose of the work was compiled questionnaire focused on identifying expected deficits in nutritional habits of the target group, especially on regularity in the diet and the inclusion of recommended foods.
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Social work with adolescents addicted to psychoactive substances
Malíková, Kristýna ; Krahulcová, Beáta (advisor) ; Nová, Monika (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to draw attention to the serious problem of drug addiction among adolescents who are abusing addictive substances or marijuana. This increasingly important issue is discussed a lot, but very often neglected by the society. This thesis provides definitions and characteristics of individual drugs and their effects on adolescents. The need for prevention and treatment of adolescent clients is emphasized, alongside with the family support, which is often crucial. In the practical part, the author of the thesis focuses on organizations that are critically important in this field. These organizations focus on prevention, counseling services, social inclusion and treatment facilities (inpatient and outpatient services), etc. Their characteristics and methods of client treatment are described. Furthermore, in this work the author presents a survey that confirms the findings of some detailed quantitative research papers. The main findings are that drug abuse is a major problem of this century and also a burden on society, especially on the adolescents themselves. The solution is very complicated and time consuming, but everyone can contribute by not being indifferent to this problem.
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Education and re-education of the individual endangared by the volatile substance taking.
Urbanová, Michaela ; Hanušová, Jaroslava (referee) ; Marádová, Eva (referee)
The text deals with the perception of volatile compounds in the vicinity of socially excluded localities. The theoretical basis of this work is taken on the basis of theory to define the impact of education, social exclusion and other factors that describe toluene abuser. The main part of the text focuses on case studies, which described the tendency to abuse toluene. This is particularly true for people from socially excluded localities. Observation of toluene abuser, phase of his addiction and devastation, however, do not belong to the main objective of this work. It focuses mainly on the perception of drug abuse toluene as the risk-generation potential abuser (primary and practical schools) in connection with the approach of the teachers also addresses this issue. Despite the danger, however, with peers who abuse toluene, and especially for the older generation of this volatile substance to be considered harmless fun. This fact stands out in the context of intravenous heroin and methamphetamine, contrary to the public clearly terrified. Based on data that are collected by questionnaire survey, this work gives the parties determine the perception of toluene in the vicinity of the abuser. Research is also focused on the effectiveness of the activities of primary prevention of abuse of volatile substances...
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Prevalence and patterns of substance use among clients of Hard and Smart programme in 2016-2019
Vaverková, Klára ; Mravčík, Viktor (advisor) ; Janíková, Barbara (referee)
The bachelor thesis is focused on the phenomenon of substance abuse in the entertainment environment. The aim of the work is to find out the level and patterns of substance abuse among clients of the H&S Program in the years 2016-2019. Its partial goal is to examine the connection of their use with sociodemographic factors, with factors related to the type of event and cultural characteristics of the entertainment environment and the development of these factors over time. The thesis is divided into two parts. The theoretical part provides information about the environment of nightlife and entertainment, how music is related to this environment and what musical subcultures can be encountered. Due to the addictological focus of the work, the following is information about the use of psychoactive substances in this environment, the motivation of visitors to use these substances and information about the risks associated with it. The last part introduces the H&S Program, as a major provider of preventive and harm reduction services in the nightlife and entertainment environment in the Czech Republic. The results show that during the period under review, there was a significant increase in the number of implementations of the H&S Program at music events between the individual years. Its attendance has...
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Attitudes of high school students towards the use and users of marijuana and alcohol
Krátký, Vojtěch ; Nekola, Martin (advisor) ; Tuček, Milan (referee)
This thesis deals with the attitudes of students of two secondary schools to marihuana, alcohol use and their users. Attitudes to alcohol, marihuana and to their users are topics frequently discussed in connection with changing perception of these two substances. This trend can be best seen in adolescents during the period of late adolescence which is the period of secondary school studies. The main aim of the thesis is to find out which factors influence the attitudes of students to alcohol and drug use and if there are any differences concerning those factors between the observed schools. These factors come from theoretical considerations which are subsequently tested in research. As the research showed, the students' attitudes to marihuana and alcohol use, and also to alcohol users are primarily influenced by significant others, among which belong mainly peers and their parents or their own experience. While the individuals form their attitudes to alcohol primarily according to their parents, in case of marihuana, the individuals, who have experience with it, follow mainly their peers and their own experience. Those individuals also tend to be more positive towards other marihuana users. There have not been found out any significant differences concerning the attitudes to marihuana and alcohol...
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