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Philosophical approach to life and death of people who were between life and death
Příplatová, Silvie ; Svobodová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Hogenová, Anna (referee) ; Prokešová, Miriam (referee)
This dissertation thesis goes into the depths of philosophical reflection on the nature of human existence and its relationship to life and death, especially for individuals who have gone through extreme life situations. The thesis explores attitudes towards free will, life and death in people who have found themselves on the brink of life, whether due to addiction, illness or other life-threatening situations. The aim is not only to analyse changes in these individuals' attitudes towards life and death, but also to explore the intellectual and philosophical development that may be prompted by this existential limit. Regardless of the cause of this confrontation with the limit of life and death, we seek to uncover how this experience affects the deeper dimensions of human existence. The work is based on the conviction that illness, although challenging on the physical plane, has an extraordinary effect on the spiritual sphere. It also highlights the impact of illness on the physical and spiritual aspects of the human being and seeks to show this by examining the works of great philosophers whose ideas have shaped the world. We will support this claim by analysing the works of important philosophers whose ideas have shaped our understanding of human existence. From Aristotle to Descartes, Nietzsche...
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Nietzsche's Will to Power
Štolc, Jaroslav ; Sousedík, Prokop (advisor) ; Prázný, Aleš (referee)
Master's thesis focuses on the potential relationships between the philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche and the ideology of Nazism. With an approach that emphasizes the complexity and wide range of this issue, the study strives to analyze Nietzsche's texts and interpret them in the context of Nazi ideology. The work is structured into four chapters, focusing on Nietzsche's philosophical concepts, ethics, critical views on his philosophy from other authors, and political aspects of his ethics. The key point is Nietzsche's ethics and its potential connections with Nazism. This work attempts to provide a deeper and more objective view of Nietzsche's philosophy, thereby contributing to a better understanding of his work and possible correlations with Nazi ideology.
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"Where were you when I laid the foundation of the earth?" Job, Giovanni Pico della Mirandola, Blaise Pascal, Friedrich Nietzsche. - The Question of Human Being as an Answer to it
Lentvorský, Marek ; Novák, Aleš (advisor) ; Pinc, Zdeněk (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the issue of the question of the essence of man in the historical1 cross-section from "biblical" times, through the Renaissance to Nietzsche, in conjunction with the interpretation of Nietzsche's relationship to the Old Testament and possible interpretations Nietzsche's Zarathustra. I based this theiss on the question that the God asks Job about his questions, so on the counter-question: "Where were you when I laid the foundations of the earth?"2 At the beginning, I try to define the question and understand what the question is and what it means to us; later, after taking into account the question, I try to apply the question to variations of Job, Mirandola, Nietzsche. Key words Nietzsche, Job, Mirandola, Pascal, Bible, Old Testament, Question, Essence, Man 1 Nie je mi známe, že v angličtine existuje možnosť rozlišovať dejiny a históriu, tak, ako je to možné u nás, alebo v nemecky hovoriacom prostredí (viz die Geschichte/die Historie). 2 Job 38,4.
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Nietzsche, Conscience, Evolution
Šturmová, Magdalena ; Hladký, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Markoš, Anton (referee)
The philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche was significantly influenced by the theory of evolution, though his interest was almost solely in relation to the human psyche. However, while many topics of his philosophy are similar to current topics of discussion in science, reflection on these thoughts is rare. The aim of this dissertation is to present Nietzsche's pivotal thoughts about the nature, function and evolution of human consciousness, with subsequent reflection on these thoughts and on their embedding in the broader context of current scientific discussion. From the standpoint of Nietzsche's philosophy, the main themes of this work are the conception of consciousness as "social instinct"; the critique of conception of consciousness as human essence and related topics; and, from the standpoint of current science, the question of the mechanism of the evolution of the human consciousness. The conclusion deals with cognitive archaeology and its attempt to reconstruct the evolutionary history of the human mind. The appendix is about Nietzsche's relation to Darwinism.
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Philosophical reflections of creative experience
Fridmanová, Milena ; Koubová, Alice (advisor) ; Nitsche, Martin (referee) ; Pokorný, Vít (referee)
Fridmanová, M.: Philosophical reflections of creative experience This dissertation is dedicated to the topic of the creative experience. The creative experience is not something "made" by us, but at the same time it does not occur without our activity and readiness. The basic question addressed by this dissertation is, how can we contribute to the process of being met by creative impulses and to the ability of grasping them and finally transforming them into a piece of art. The dissertation sets off from a premise that current notions of creativity are referring to a romantic conception, stating that the work of art is made by a genius creating through supernatural powers, which are beyond his personal grasp. In the 20th century, the creative experience has undergone a vast scientific examination, especially in the field of psychology; which confirmed that creativity is possessed by everyone and can be developed. This result raises the question, which aspects of the creative process can be affected and which cannot? The first chapters of the dissertation elaborate on the philosophical interpretation of three expositions of the creative experience - by Schopenhauer, Nietzsche, and Gadamer. The intention of this interpretation is to point to contradictory motives of individual conceptions....
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The Problem of Freedom and Creativity in Nietzsche
Kobylka, Vít ; Novák, Aleš (advisor) ; Marek, Jakub (referee)
The Thesis aims to explore the problem of Freedom and Creativity in Nietzsche. It attempts to do so in respect to the two main concepts of his high and late writings. Concept of Superman and concept of the Eternal recurrence of the same. In this respect our text follows especially interpretations of Martin Heidegger. We begin our treatise with situating Nietzsche's concept of freedom among more traditional thought and we put emphasis on comparison of it to the philosophy of Baruch Spinoza. In the next phase we reject (with Martin Heidegger and Ivan Dubský) simplifying understanding of the Eternal reccurence which understands it as dull determinism. We also analyse the topic of Creativity in Nietzsche and introduce it as fundamental anthropological theme. In the following chapters we identify certain moods that allow us to experience perspective of the Eternal reccurence and the one of Superman, which gives us chance to understand both concepts in their connection. But this connection remains enigmatic and in the last chapter we try, with help of Kierkegaard's concept of the moment, to understand both thoughts in their complementarity not only united in the concept of creativity, but also through Nietzsche's concept of the moment, understood as the original understanding of one of the aspects of...
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