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Ontological security and anxiety: establishing the conceptual link
Maděra, Matyáš ; Kazharski, Aliaksei (advisor) ; Weinfurter, Jaroslav (referee)
This thesis explores the link between existential anxiety and ontological security. It first establishes both concepts through conceptual analysis and then further analyses their interaction. To illuminate this interaction, anxiety has been divided into conscious and unconscious forms based on an interpretation of Heidegger's work. Contrary to the common framing of anxiety as either a source or a result of ontological insecurity, it is established as primarily a revelatory emotion. Anxiety as an unconscious emotion always exists because it arises as a response to future possibilities, which never disappear entirely. However, increased ontological insecurity can make the individual more vulnerable to experiencing the emotion consciously, which can, in turn, worsen the condition. Throughout the conceptual analysis, the thesis also highlights the main criticisms, paradoxes, and other issues facing the field. It provides arguments against the transition of ontological security to a level of the state and against using anxiety as a concept that leads to some form of determined outcome. Lastly, because ontological security is defined as "the security of the self," the thesis establishes this concept based on the theories of Kierkegaard and Giddens.
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Simone de Beauvoir and the feminism
BENEŠOVÁ, Adéla
The aim of the thesis is to introduce the existentialist French writer and philosopher Simone de Beauvoir as a feminist. After a brief introduction of her life and work in the context of her time and field, the thesis focuses on her view of women and everything that it entails to be one. It is based primarily on the essay Le Deuxi?me sexe (1949), and also on other texts, articles, speeches or interviews. It summarizes Beauvoir's involvement in the feminist movement and follows the development of her thinking about women and her views on key issues. In the end, the thesis tries to answer the question of whether Beauvoir's work is still relevant today and why it would still be appealing.
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Jean-Paul Sartre´s plays in Czech translations and on Czech theatre stages
ROUČKOVÁ, Tereza
Bachelor thesis is focused on the dramatic work of the French existentialist philosopher and writer Jean-Paul Sartre. The work examines and maps the period responses to Sartre's plays in our country from the end of the 1950s to the present. It also deals with their connection with the book publication of their translations and their stage presentation. It also outlines the cultural and political environment of the period and the importance of literary translation in the receiving culture. The main objective of the work is to summarize the critical responses of Sartre's dramatic work in our country from the first introduction to the Czech scene to the present.
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Metafictional novels of the 30s and 40s in the Czech literature
SELNER, Ondřej
This doctoral thesis focuses on literary texts containing speech acts that are in literary history and theory usually known as self-reflexive. In the first part author attempts to find inspirations for self-reflexivity in a broader historical and cultural European context as well as its potential connections to modernism. Then it tries to find relations between these modernist tendencies and Czech literary production of the day. It also deals with different views of self-reflexivity in the Czech literary theory. After dealing with these perspectives and after analysis of their potential drawbacks, thesis then moves to an attempt to find a precise meaning of self-reflexivity with respect to the term itself. On that account it analyses reflexive philosophy of major philosophers of the 1st half of the 20th century - Edmund Husserl, Jean-Paul Sartre, Martin Heidegger and Maurice Merleau-Ponty. The analysis of relevant works of these philosophers dealing with reflexivity leads to the formulation of a thought-map that embodies evident parallels between self-reflexivity in literature and reflexivity in philosophy. In order to verify these parallels, thesis then focuses on interpretation of major texts of Czech literature that are usually considered to be prototypes of self-reflexive novels. These are works Hra doopravdy by Richard Weiner, Rozhraní by Václav Řezáč and Hlava umělce by Milada Součková.
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Existencialism and its Implementation in Education
Krivdová, Annamária ; Hogenová, Anna (advisor) ; Hauser, Michael (referee)
This thesis aims to outline the most influential ideas of existentialism and relate them to our everyday life. The first part focuses on five existential writers and their most profound contributions. It addresses the works of Dostoyevsky, Kierkegaard, Nietzsche, Sartre, and Camus. The second part consists of twelve subchapters, tackling the questions of freedom, determinism, anxiety, suffering, authenticity, responsibility, and the search for meaning in life. This part seeks to put issues of existential philosophy into practical use and highlight its everlasting influence and relevance in today's world. It is constructed in the form of twelve lessons, offering various examples and views on the thought-provoking concepts presented in the first part.
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