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Various psychological aspects of children's drawings
Kotenová, Nikola ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor) ; Šturma, Jaroslav (referee)
This diploma thesis focuses on the psychological aspects of drawings of preschool children from complete and incomplete families. In the theoretical part the child's drawing is described as one of the basic manifestations of the semiotic function and it emphasized its importance in the process of cognitive maturation. Drawing is also taken into consideration as a projective diagnostic method. In the research part we interpret drawings by children of different ages in the preschool period with an emphasis on cognitive maturity of the individual and family relations with consideration to the projective function of drawings. The results may lead to a better understanding of children's perception thanks to the interpretation of various drawings.
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Drawings as a tool for investigating lower-secondary students' knowledge of cell structure
VLČKOVÁ, Barbora
This bachelor's thesis focuses on the use of drawing as a tool to assess students' knowledge of cell structure. The aim of the study is to examine how drawing can serve as a means of gathering information about students' knowledge and to evaluate the level of understanding of cell biology among 6th-grade students. The research involved 41 participants from two elementary schools. A questionnaire with three parts was used to collect data from the participants. The first part of the questionnaire inquired about basic personal information and the participants' interest in drawing. The second part consisted of open-ended and closed-ended questions to assess knowledge related to cells. In the final part, the participants were given space to draw and describe organelles of animal and plant cells. The questionnaire was administered to the participants twice. In the first administration, they were asked to demonstrate their knowledge without any preparation. During the second visit to the schools, the participants were provided with an educational text about cells, accompanied by illustrations of individual cells, to quickly familiarize them with basic information about cells. They then completed the same quiz again. The results indicate that drawing can be an effective tool for assessing students' knowledge of cell structure. Through drawing, students express and visualize their understanding of cells. The majority of respondents believe that drawing significantly contributes to their learning. The first quiz yielded average results, with at least half of the respondents answering correctly to most questions. Improvement in results was observed in the second quiz. The evaluation of the third part of the questionnaire was based on predetermined criteria. With one exception, each respondent included at least the nucleus in their cell drawing. Most respondents depicted more than one organelle in the cell.
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Lower-secondary students' drawings as a tool for finding their knowledge about external and internal constitution of fish body
VAŠKOVÁ, Iveta
The aim of the diploma thesis is to analyse drawings of internal and external constitution of fish bodycreated bylower secondary students atselected schools in South Bohemia. A total number of 127 respondents from four schools and one grammar school were involved in the research. The questionnaire with three parts was used to collect data. First part was focused on demographic data about the respondent. Second part included a task for students to draw the external structure of the fish's body, while paying attention to the correct location of all fins. Third part of questionnaire contained pre-printed silhouette of a fish (carp), where students tried to correctly sketch pre-selected organs (heart, brain, stomach, intestines, liver, kidney, gas bladder, gills and lateral line organ). There was found in the analysis of the second part of questionnaire that the carp was the most frequently sketchedfish species. Most students had difficulty with drawing correct number of fins and placing them correctly. In third part of questionnaire, brain was the most often drew and correctly located organ. On the other hand, liver was the least drawn and kidney the most incorrectly drawn organ. Activities which could help with teaching this topic in biology lessons were designed based on the collected data. Three selected activities were introduced to lower secondary school teachers in order to get their feedback. Based on this information and pilot testing of two activities the methodological recommendations were written and some activities were slightly modified. The contribution of this diploma thesis can be considered in the practical use of theoretical knowledge of this topic and also activities which can be used by biology teachers at lower-secondary level. The results of the diploma thesismay be useful for the professional community as well as general public. They can become the basis not only for improving teaching this topic, but also for follow-up research using drawing as a tool for investigating the level of students' knowledge. Key words: children's drawing, externalconstitution of fish body, internal constitution of fish body, teaching activities, textbook.
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Family and its Importance in a Child's Life
Pilařová, Veronika ; Sotáková, Hana (advisor) ; Presslerová, Pavla (referee)
This thesis deals with family education and the importance of family for the child of preschool age. The theoretical part provides expert knowledge of the child of preschool age, family upbringing. Furthermore it describes concepts of family, its functions and finally family in child's drawing. The empirical part is focused on the research study of families and its significance for the child. It emphasizes the time parents spent with children, the family environment and the overall family situation. The research is conducted using interviews with children, mothers and teachers. To underline the entire research I also analyzed children's drawings.
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Visualization and Representation of Social and Cultural Environment of Brazilian Slums - Favelas
Trnková, Kateřina ; Soukup, Martin (advisor) ; Hubeňáková, Julie (referee)
This thesis focuses on theoretical and empirical analysis of Brazilian favelas. In the first part the origin and development of favelas is outlined, including the contemporary public policy towards them. The main part of this thesis represents an empirical research focusing on visualization of culture by the children living in favelas. The data collection was based on the methodology of visual anthropology and the analysis of the drawings on social semiotic theory. Drawings made by the children from favelas in São Paulo with culture as their subject matter were collected during the fieldwork. On the basis of the kind of represented motif the drawings were classified into several categories which the author works with afterwards. Most of them depict motifs related to Brazilian culture and only few of them are directly linked to favela's culture. Based on these results, it is considered cultural elements perceived strongly by the children and components which in spite of their close connection to Brazil were omitted. Keywords: favela, visualization of culture, children's drawing, culture, Brazil
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The role of the book in evolution of the children's imagination
Zemanová, Pavlína ; Vášová, Lidmila (advisor) ; Rösslerová, Klára (referee)
The master thesis deals with the importance of the book in evolution of the children's imagination. The first part includes short introduction to problems of children's imagination. The second part is engaged in ontogeny of child from prenatal period to the middle childhood and in progress of key competences. It analyzes selected psychological approaches, which had the imagination as a subject of the research. The thesis explains and defines basic terms and processes of the imagination. It deals with a specific phenomenon of the children's imagination and with the evolution of the imagination. The third part introduces typical children's literature, directs on the traditional fairytale and it specifies problems of the literary characters too. It describes the historical development of the Czech book illustration, importance of the illustration in books for children and it also describes children's drawings. The fourth part applies all of previous pieces of knowledges into the work experience in kindergarten. It also describes relations between child and school or child and book. The final part of the master thesis includes summary of the information. [Author's abstract].
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