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First steps towards February 1948. The Moscow negotiations of the Czechoslovak exile in March 1945
Čuchna, Matěj ; Václavů, Lubor (advisor) ; Míšková, Alena (referee)
This thesis concentrates on the subject of the Moscow negotiations in March 1939 and preceeding and following events. The Moscow negotiations are considered to be the starting point of the Communist seizure of power in Czechoslovakia, leading to their moment of final triumph in February 1948. Near the very end of the Second World War, members of the Czechoslovak exile government, together with president Edvard Beneš, traveled to Moscow in order to discuss several political, economical and military issues with the Soviets. The issue of highest importance, however, were talks between the democratic Czechoslovak representatives from London and Czechoslovak Communists who have taken refuge in Moscow aftet the beginning of the war. It is not an exaggeration to say that everything was at stake. Literally, these talks were to define the long-term future of Czechoslovakia and, indeed, sadly, they had. While the democrats, arrived unprecedently unprepaired, the Communists had already elaborated a complete government program (later passed, with only minor changes, as the Košice Government Program), unsurprisingly very leftist and pro-Soviet. In military terms, the Communists gained strategic initiative and forced the democrats into a passive role with a very little potential for making any significant changes to the...
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La Nation Tchèque: the construction of Czechoslovak nation in France
Krejčová, Jana ; Matějka, Ondřej (advisor) ; Bauer, Paul (referee)
During the First World War intense diplomatic efforts of T. G. Masaryk and his companions helped to create circumstances for the foundation of the Czechoslovak independent state. Extensive propaganda was an important element of the activities of the Czechoslovak National Council, the official organ of Masaryk's group, based in Paris. Revue La Nation Tchèque was a crucial communication channel targeting the French audience. By the means of thematic analysis and elements of historic-discourse analysis, this thesis aims to unveil crucial argumentative lines which were supposed to create the idea of Czechoslovak nation in the mind of the French people. The first chapter introduces the theoretical and methodological framework and deals with the different concepts of nations, it defines propaganda as a type of political communication and presents the approach of discursive creation of national community. In the second part, revue La Nation Tchèque is briefly characterised together with its redaction background. The last part of the thesis is dedicated to the thematic analysis which resulted in three main topics. The first topic focuses on the concept of national history, description of Czechoslovak national character and develops on the relationship with the West European history. The prevailing motive...
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War as a Biosocial Theme in the Works of Edvard Beneš and Bohumil Němec
Tomsová, Julie ; Stella, Marco (advisor) ; Komárek, Stanislav (referee)
Tato bakalářská práce se zabývá tématem Válka jako biosociální téma v některých dílech Edvarda Beneše a Bohumila Němce a sleduje v období První republiky politické biologismy v politických otázkách s obzvláštním důrazem na dílo dvou významných osobností československé veřejné i odborné sféry, Edvarda Beneše a Bohumila Němce. Od počátku 19. století se v návaznosti na Darwinovu evoluční teorii a její společenské aplikace (eugenika, rasová hygiena, "sociální biologie") začíná rozvíjet i tzv. biologie války neboli aplikace biologických principů na pojetí lidské války, k níž se oba zmínění autoři ve svých pracích vyjadřovali. Tato bakalářská práce představuje rozbor dvou jejich děl, vztahujících se k danému tématu, a pokus o jejich zasazení do širšího kontextu, jak z hlediska kulturně historického, tak z hlediska interní logiky darwinistických a jiných biosociálních teorií. Edvard Beneš a Bohumil Němec, dvě významné osoby československé odborné i veřejné sféry, politicky, intelektuálně a vědecky významní představitelé První republiky. Ve svých vědeckých, filozofických a politických názorech se hluboce rozcházeli a v roce 1935 proti sobě dokonce stáli jako protikandidáti v prezidentských volbách. Odlišná perspektiva i vědecké zaměření se odrazily i na jejich odlišném pojetí války. Z Beneše promlouvá sociolog a...
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The Reflection of Edvard Beneš in The Czechoslovakian Press in the Selected Periods of 1948-1988
Svatoš, Jiří ; Bednařík, Petr (advisor) ; Groman, Martin (referee)
In my diploma thesis I came to the conclusion that the frequency of mentions about Edvard Beneš fluctuated in the monitored media. From the examined periods, Rudé právo, Lidová demokracie and Svobodné slovo most often wrote about him in 1968 (a total of 37 mentions), in 1958 there were 32 mentions and in 1978 and 1988 there were 25 mentions. On the contrary, in sum of all the examined periods, there were only a few mentions in some years - for example, in 1983 there were 4 mentions, in 1948 there were 8 mentions and in 1973 there were 10 mentions. Rudé právo most often wrote about Edvard Beneš (96 references in all), in Svobodné slovo 47 and in Lidová demokracie 37. This can be explained by the fact that during the Communist regime Rudé právo had more pages than the other two newspapers and it also paid more attention to politics. In the researched media, Edvard Beneš was most often mentioned in connection with the February coup d'état anniversaries. In the qualitative analysis, I came to the conclusion that the studied newspapers mostly wrote about Edvard Beneš neutrally (57 percent of all mentions), negative references were 35 percent, and 8 percent were positive. During the 1950s, the analysed media was mostly critical to Edvard Beneš. However, in 1963 I noticed 50 percent of neutral references....
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La Nation Tchèque: the construction of Czechoslovak nation in France
Krejčová, Jana ; Matějka, Ondřej (advisor) ; Bauer, Paul (referee)
During the First World War intense diplomatic efforts of T. G. Masaryk and his companions helped to create circumstances for the foundation of the Czechoslovak independent state. Extensive propaganda was an important element of the activities of the Czechoslovak National Council, the official organ of Masaryk's group, based in Paris. Revue La Nation Tchèque was a crucial communication channel targeting the French audience. By the means of thematic analysis and elements of historic-discourse analysis, this thesis aims to unveil crucial argumentative lines which were supposed to create the idea of Czechoslovak nation in the mind of the French people. The first chapter introduces the theoretical and methodological framework and deals with the different concepts of nations, it defines propaganda as a type of political communication and presents the approach of discursive creation of national community. In the second part, revue La Nation Tchèque is briefly characterised together with its redaction background. The last part of the thesis is dedicated to the thematic analysis which resulted in three main topics. The first topic focuses on the concept of national history, description of Czechoslovak national character and develops on the relationship with the West European history. The prevailing motive...
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Foreign politics of Edvard Beneš during 1938–1948
Timková, Viktória ; Veselý, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Voráček, Emil (referee)
My master thesis analyses five specific cases of the foreign politics and decision making process of the controversial second czechoslovak president Edvard Beneš. The thesis focuses on the last ten years of his political career as well as his life. The first chapter describes the theoretical background, which consists of the theory of foreign politics, the theory of decision making process and a short characteristics of Beneš himself. The second chapter analyses the period 1938-1942 where Beneš put up with the difficulties of cooperation with czechoslovak allies. The third chapter focuses on years 1942-1946, which was the period of Beneš's greatest fight for internal and external security of the Czechoslovak republic after the war. The fourth chapter analyses the last two years of his political career and the ultimate defeat of democracy displayed through the communist revolution in 1948 also know as the 'Victorious February'.
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The Reverent Act on Lidice in 1945 - mass media reflexion v. historical facts and survior's memories
Miková, Martina ; Bednařík, Petr (advisor) ; Knapík, Jiří (referee)
Bachelor's thesis The Reverent Act in Lidice in 1945 - mass media reflexion v. historical facts and survivor's memories provides, as the name already predicts, insight into the issues of post-war production of the representative Czechoslovakian media. How did the publications and the radio back then inform about the event which had an impact far beyond internal affairs? In which context did the media remind the general public of the tragedy of Lidice? Did the mass media use their capacity for cooperation in recovering missing women and children? How did they deal with the blame of Nazi criminals and the blame of the entire German nation as a whole? What was the point of view of the media of the Reverent Act? And how large a part of its original record did they get over to the general public? Were pieces of information rather true or not? Was the Reverent Act abused by the media for the propagation of their own ideological interests? Which reflection did they make of western countries and how much did it differ from a reflection of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics? The author of this Bachelor's thesis tried to find answers to these and the following questions. The thesis is based primarily on the exploration of extant archival material, such as the articles in Lidová demokracie, Právo lidu,...
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The reflection of Edvard Beneš in the Czechoslovakian Press in Selected Periods of 1948
Svatoš, Jiří ; Bednařík, Petr (advisor) ; Čeňková, Jana (referee)
The main objective of this thesis is to describe in which way the four selected press media (Rudé právo, Práce, Lidová demokracie and Svobodné slovo) reported on Edvard Beneš in the four periods of 1948 (the February Coup d'Etat, the approving of the Ninth-of-May Constitution, Beneš' abdication and seclusion, Beneš' death and funeral). There is the quantitative and qualitative analysis included in this thesis. The quantitative part focuses on the total number of articles on Edvard Beneš while the qualitative part refers to the way how the selected press media informed about the second Czechoslovak president. There shall be confirmed or disproved a theory whether the total number of articles on Edvard Beneš does not differ considerably in the selected media. Furthermore, it is researched whether the media of the democratic political parties (Lidová demokracie and Svobodné slovo) creates a different media image of Edvard Beneš in comparison to the media more closely linked to the Communist Party (Práce and Rudé právo). Last but not least, the focus is also on whether (and if so, how) the reporting on the second Czechoslovak president changed in the particular newspapers throughout the periods.
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Czechoslovak - Polish split as an indicator of Soviet influence on Czechoslovak foreign policy in May 1943
Skála, Marek ; Vykoukal, Jiří (advisor) ; Smetana, Vít (referee)
This paper examines the influence of the Soviet Union on the foreign policy of the Czechoslovak government in exile towards the Polish government in exile. The aim is to determine, whether the influence of the Soviet Union was a major aspect affecting decisionmaking of the Czechoslovak government. I primarily focused on the crisis in relations between Czechoslovakia and Poland in the spring of 1943, and secondarily on the genesis of the relationships and events, which determined the decisions made by the governments at the time of crisis. The issue was addressed on the basis of series of documents from various international meetings, and also on the basis of secondary literature and memories of the persons involved at that time. It is therefore a historical analysis of international relations seeking motivation for particular actions of the Czechoslovak government in exile. It was thus found out that the influence of the Soviet Union was the main factor behind the interruption of negotiations about ...
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First steps towards February 1948. The Moscow negotiations of the Czechoslovak exile in March 1945
Čuchna, Matěj ; Václavů, Lubor (advisor) ; Míšková, Alena (referee)
This thesis concentrates on the subject of the Moscow negotiations in March 1939 and preceeding and following events. The Moscow negotiations are considered to be the starting point of the Communist seizure of power in Czechoslovakia, leading to their moment of final triumph in February 1948. Near the very end of the Second World War, members of the Czechoslovak exile government, together with president Edvard Beneš, traveled to Moscow in order to discuss several political, economical and military issues with the Soviets. The issue of highest importance, however, were talks between the democratic Czechoslovak representatives from London and Czechoslovak Communists who have taken refuge in Moscow aftet the beginning of the war. It is not an exaggeration to say that everything was at stake. Literally, these talks were to define the long-term future of Czechoslovakia and, indeed, sadly, they had. While the democrats, arrived unprecedently unprepaired, the Communists had already elaborated a complete government program (later passed, with only minor changes, as the Košice Government Program), unsurprisingly very leftist and pro-Soviet. In military terms, the Communists gained strategic initiative and forced the democrats into a passive role with a very little potential for making any significant changes to the...
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