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Concept of Authoritarian Regime of Juan Linz and its Application on Antanas Smetona Rule
Soušková, Tereza ; Tumis, Stanislav (advisor) ; Ante, Kristine (referee)
This bachelor thesis analyses political development in interwar Lithuania, which declared independence in 1918. The years of independence ended in 1940 by Soviet occupation. The thesis is concern on period of rule of Antanas Smetona who become the Lithuanian president after military coup d'etat in 1926. The analytical part deals with the theory of authoritarian regimes by Juan Linz, who developed this theory in his book "Totalitarian and Authoritarian Regimes". The thesis explains the main statements of his draft, analyses empirical datas which are relevant to Smetona's regime and then provides a comparison. The aim is to find out to what extent the regime of Antanas Smetona is in accordance with Linz's definition of authoritarian regime.
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Is Mugabe′s Rule in Zimbabwe a Recipe for the Longevity of the Regime?
Stojanovová, Marie ; Buben, Radek (advisor) ; Polášek, Martin (referee)
This thesis examines the reasons for the survival of Robert Mugabe's regime in Zimbabwe over more than thirty years. Approaching this question from comparative politics perspective the author examines the type of regime, its capacity (including capacity of the state and of other institutions) and strategy of survival that can be found in Zimbabwe, in the context of relevant historical events before and after Mugabe's seizing of power. Thereby the author devaluate those aspects taking into account all the broader context of sub-Saharan African regimes.
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Comparison of Theory and Practice of Authoritarian Regimes in Cases of Austria and Portugal between the World Wars
Eliáš, Tomáš ; Jeřábek, Martin (advisor) ; Mlejnek, Josef (referee)
Diploma thesis, titled " Comparison of theory and practice of authoritarian regimes in cases of Austria and Portugal between the world wars" deals with authoritarian Austria in 1934 - 1938 and authoritarian Portugal in 1926 - 1940. Diploma thesis is focused on theory of authoritarian regimes, also aimed at ideological base and authoritarian tendencies in both cases, trying to approximate Austrian and Portuguese authoritarian model. The most important part is focused on juxtaposition of theoretic concepts and their practice usage, confrontation of establishing authoritarian regimes in Austria and Portugal, also comparing regimes structures. Foreign policy connotations, which have influenced both regimes is also mentioned.
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South Korean Nuclear Program and the American Support of the Authoritarian Regime
Stoláriková, Lenka ; Hornát, Jan (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee)
The issue of nuclear proliferation on the Korean Peninsula and the question of legitimacy and support of the nondemocratic leaders are some of the current political challenges. The roots of the Korean nuclear pursuit reach all the way back to the 1970s when the authoritarian South Korean president Park Chung-hee ordered the launch of the so-called Project 890. The United States, Soul's protector and sponsor of many years, had to find a way of how to deal with that situation and to consider their alliance with South Korea. This thesis is mostly an analysis of the American support of the South Korean authoritarian regime at the end of the 1970s. The main aim is to evaluate whether it was possible for the US to reduce its economic and military assistance at the end of Park's rule and to promote the democratization of the country. It tries to explore the factors, which influenced the US decision. Subsequently, it verifies Owen and Poznansky's theory on the existence of two conditions needed for the US to be willing to stop supporting the pro-American authoritarian regime and to allow the democratic elections to take place. This work builds on their theory and adds some other aspects, relevant to this case. It argues that the Korean nuclear pursuit could have been one of the significant factors for the American...
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Russian NGO sector: Consequences of the Law on Foreign Agents
Dryndak, Roksolana ; Svoboda, Karel (advisor) ; Šír, Jan (referee)
The thesis deals with the Russian non-profit sector and the state restrictive policy directed towards it. Using a multi-case study, thesis examines the impact of the Foreign Agents Act on Civil Society organizations. At the introduction are identified two questions that thesis is dealing with. The first question was, what practical impacts the Foreign Agents Act had on non-profit organizations. For their identification was developed a typology, which included five types of consequences: bureaucratic burden, financial difficulties, public relations deterioration, access to public institutions and general pressure. This typology was applied to three case studies of non-profit organizations. The thesis concludes that these types are valid except for the deterioration of the relationship with the public sphere, which has not been proven. The second question was how this Law fits into the context of state strategies towards civil society between 2012 and 2017. The thesis comes with the assertion that this Act was the key legislation followed by subsequent Laws, that leads to division of the civil sector to several groups.
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The authoritarian regime of the Second Republic and the Czech Catholic elite
Palata, Luboš ; Svoboda, Cyril (advisor) ; Mašek, Vojtěch (referee)
The thesis deals with the authoritarian regime of the Second Czechoslovak Republic (1938-1939) in its Czech part, with the reasons of its origin, its description and its placement in the contemporary context. It shows the share of Catholic, politic and social elites in its creation as well as in efforts to enforce the Christian character of the new regime. It considers then critical stances against democracy of the Catholic Church, it compares authoritarian regime of the Second Republic with similiar regimes in then Europe and it tries to morally and ethically evaluate then stances of the Czech elites. The thesis also deals with anti-Jewish and anti-Gypsy measures of the Second Republic, and it tries to offer a valuable lesson from its development. Keywords Second Republic, authoritarian regime, Catholics, Catholic elites, party of national unity, estate state, antisemitism, Czechoslovak people's party, Stašek, Šrámek, Munich, Hácha
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The importance of economic and political cooperation between Franco’s Spain and nazi Germany for the spanish economy during the second world war
Jiroušková, Kristýna ; Fabianková, Klára (advisor) ; Kovář, Martin (referee)
The content of this work is an analysis of Franco Spain's economic and political cooperation with Nazi Germany during the Second World War in comparison with the Spanish Civil War period. The theoretical part focuses on the description of the Spanish authoritarian regime and on the socio-economic causes and consequences of the civil war. The practical part describes the cooperation between foreign trade during both periods and then compares them. The aim of the thesis is to confirm the hypothesis that during the Second World War the structure and content of foreign trade changed in comparison with the period of civil war. Next, to answer the question of what significance for Spain had on cooperation with Germany immediately after the end of World War II. The comparison of both periods results in a significant change in the structure and content of foreign trade between Spain and Germany. The answer to the question of the meaning of cooperation for Spain immediately after the war is based on post-war developments in Europe. In particular, from the fact that Spain was excluded from the Marshall Plan and was undergoing a deep economic crisis. The contribution of this work is the elaboration of a topic that is not elaborated in detail by Czech historians or economists. However, the subject should be further explored on the basis of indicators other than those already done.
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Is Mugabe′s Rule in Zimbabwe a Recipe for the Longevity of the Regime?
Stojanovová, Marie ; Buben, Radek (advisor) ; Polášek, Martin (referee)
This thesis examines the reasons for the survival of Robert Mugabe's regime in Zimbabwe over more than thirty years. Approaching this question from comparative politics perspective the author examines the type of regime, its capacity (including capacity of the state and of other institutions) and strategy of survival that can be found in Zimbabwe, in the context of relevant historical events before and after Mugabe's seizing of power. Thereby the author devaluate those aspects taking into account all the broader context of sub-Saharan African regimes.
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Augusto Pinochet's Quest for Power; Chilean Coup 1973
Kunická, Tereza ; Raška, Francis (advisor) ; Pečenka, Marek (referee)
This thesis examines Chilean events and development which led to the military coup and consequent establishment of authoritarian regime directed by Augusto Pinochet in September 1973. The regime used strong repressive policy and there were wide human rights abuse in the country; on the other hand, Pinochet was instrumental in economic stabilization of the state which is the base of contemporary economic situation: Chile is one of the most developed countries in Latin America. Taking into consideration the main aim of this thesis, which is defining the most essential factors leading to successful course of the coup and takeover by Pinochet, significant part of the thesis concentrates on development in Chile at the beginning of the 70's, domestic policy of Allende's regime and general political situation in the country, which is necessary to be aware of for understanding following course of events. Another part offers an overview of events that immediately influenced insurgent atmosphere in the army, an analysis of the coup, which led to the fall of Allende's regime and takeover by Pinochet, can be found in this part as well. Last but not least there are specified the factors which were significant for the positive course of the coup; a relevant part dedicates to the American influence over the...
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Muslim Democracy in Turkey
Scholzová, Markéta ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Váňová, Ludmila (referee)
This thesis aims to analyze the transformations of concept of secularism from a long- term perspective of the formation and consolidation of Turkish republic between 1923 - 2013. Central contention is that secularism, as a social phenomenon, was originally understood as an integral part of state-led modernization project, sponsored by Turkish armed forces between 1920s and early 1980s. However since late 1980s and particularly under AKP governments (2002 - 2014) secularism - branded as Kemalism has gradually become a subject of intense conflicts and new interpretations seeking to reconcile Turkish secularist principles with new forms of public participation driven by Islamic symbols. Keywords Democracy, secularism, authoritarian regime, Kemalism, army, political parties, AKP, islam, religious symbols, islamic clothing
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