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Conceptualization of Space in Historiography
Pýcha, Čeněk ; Činátl, Kamil (advisor) ; Spurný, Matěj (referee)
The main topic of this master thesis are the representation of space of northern Bohemia in the era of czechoslovakian state socialism. The aim of thesis is to approximate historical agents understanding of space. There is a Michel de Certeau's concept of space in the methodological background. De Certeau understands space like a set of places, which is designed by dynamic by social agents. For analysis I have chosen some social realms, where is strong connection to space (tourism, cultural heritage managment, school education, visual representation and sending postcards). The sources were designed by these social realms and the thesis is grounded on the case studies. At the end of thesis I have tried to apply Aleida Assmann's theory of paradigmatic change in the social concept of time. This change we can observate in the 80s and it occures also in space, because direct in space is made sense of time. Keywords: space, northern Bohemia, socialism, representation, historical agent
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Radicalization of Prague Students in the 1930s
Müller, Jiří ; Spurný, Matěj (advisor) ; Míšková, Alena (referee)
This thesis deals with the transformation of social and political behavior of Prague students in the 1930's. The work follows the requirements and expectations of students. Their unfulfilled view reveals the dissatisfaction of students, which led to the escalation of student clear-cut political and social views. The thirties brought in a student movement onset of extreme nationalist, but also left-wing tendencies of both the Czech and the German side. The work is based on the documents of student faculty associations, the student journals and memoir texts. The aim is to analyze, against whom was directed the dissatisfaction of students, which ideas had students about the proper organization of the state and society, what were the differences in political and social thought between the faculties and student groups and how were students percieved by society. Work is also interested in what influence on stduents movement had the clash Czech, German and Jewish students in Prague. How was influenced the students thinking of their social status and how identified the individual student associations. The work aims to contribute to the completion of the image of interwar czechoslovak society.
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Arrival and Setting of the Czechs in the Area of Ukrainian Volhynia 1863 - 1880
Jirka, Luděk ; Štaif, Jiří (advisor) ; Spurný, Matěj (referee)
This work is dealing with arrival and settlement of the Czech in Volhynia. It considers to analyse about Czech from czech countries and their arrival to Volhynia, about their settlement in this area. Theories of migrations a theories of ethnicity and identity will be also used. Aim of this work will be specification of reasons about Czech departure and their analysis of their settlement in Volhynia. From this resulted question about changes of socio-economic position in Czech and in Volhynia, which will be investigated with comparation to ukrainian majority. Author will come out from the press, especially from Národní listy, Čechoslovan and Věrná stráž, and so on from archive fonds of Národní archiv in Prague (Svaz Čechů z Volyně, Žatec 1946-1958, Československý ústav zahraniční 1928-1941) and from chronicles writed by volhynian Czechs.
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Social Transformation of the Czech Borderlands, as illustrated by districts Šumperk and Zábřeh 1945-1960
Mrňka, Jaromír ; Spurný, Matěj (advisor) ; Kovařík, David (referee)
MRŇKA, Jaromír: Proměny společnosti v pohraničí českých zemí na příkladu okresů Šumperku a Zábřeh 1945-1960. (Social Transformation of the Czech Borderlands as Illustrated by Districts Šumperk and Zábřeh 1945-1960). Master Thesis. Prague: Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Philosophy and Arts, Institute of Economic and Social History, 2013, 195 p. Based on research into regional context, the thesis "Social Transformation of the Czech Borderlands as Illustrated by Districts Šumperk and Zábřeh 1945-1960" contributes to a deeper understanding of the process of constituting a new society in the Czech borderlands. The research field is defined on the one hand by the structural aspects of demographic changes following the Second World War (the forced expulsion of the German population, the impact and consequences of unorganized and organized colonization process), on the other by the constitution and transformation of the communist rule, including the deep crisis from 1953 to 1957. In observing the changes of dominant and authoritative discourses on the one hand and the language of the acteurs on the other, the thesis identifies core values and images which contributed to the stabilization or destabilization of communist rule. The shared vision, enabling the mobilization of the society, was the...
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Transformations of Everyday Life in the Czech Borderlands within the (De-)Stabilization of the Communist Dictatorship as illustrated by Districts Šumperk and Zábřeh 1945-1960Praha
Mrňka, Jaromír ; Spurný, Matěj (referee) ; Kolář, Pavel (referee)
1 Summary Mrňka, Jaromír: Proměny každodennosti pohraničí českých zemí a ustavování diktatury KSČ na příkladu okresů Šumperk a Zábřeh 1945-1960. [Transformation of Everyday Life in the Czech Borderlands within the (De-)Stabilization of the Communist Dictatorship as illustrated by Districts Šumperk and Zábřeh 1945-1960]. Prague: Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Philosophy and Arts, Institute of Economic and Social History, 2014. Rigorous Thesis, Supervisor Matěj Spurný, 217 p. Based on research into regional context, the rigorous thesis contributes to a deeper understanding of the process of constituting a new society in the Czech borderlands. The research field is defined on the one hand by the structural aspects of demographic changes following the Second World War (the forced expulsion of the German population, the impact and consequences of unorganized and organized colonization process), on the other by the constitution and transformation of the communist rule, including the deep crisis from 1953 to 1957. In observing the changes of dominant and authoritative discourses on the one hand and the language of the acteurs on the other, the thesis identifies core values and images which contributed to the stabilization or destabilization of communist rule. The shared vision, enabling the mobilization...
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Refugee Camp in Traiskirchen (Austria) between the 1960s and 1980s.
Vrba, Jakub ; Pullmann, Michal (advisor) ; Spurný, Matěj (referee)
(anglicky): This BA thesis is devoted the everyday life in the Austrian refugee camp Traiskirchen from the 1960s to 1980s. In particular, it analyses the reasons which led the refugees to leave their country of origin. It further examines the asylum application procedure and the key strategies the actors employ within it with regard to their expectations and long-term plans. The thesis then explores the conflicts in the camp, their principal backgrounds and their solutions. It also touches on the question of (un)employment. With reference to the theory of Anthony Richmond and the sources from the Traiskirchen camp, the thesis shows that a clear line cannot be drawn between economic and policital migration. In its stead, it is useful for our understanding of this migration to put emphasis on the refugees' "Sinnwelt", their so-to-say symbolic universe, especially the ideas about the West with which they were coming into the new environment, and on the confrontation of these ideas with the practical experience of the camp. The sources reveal that these images of the West, which often stood as a markedly idealized representation of the Western reality, had influenced the very decision to emigrate, and subsequently exacerbated the shock inflicted by the reality of the camp.
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Gertruda Sekaninová-Čakrtová. A Portrait of a Personality of the Czechoslovak Public Life
Kopeček, Martin ; Pullmann, Michal (advisor) ; Spurný, Matěj (referee)
The work deals with the political biography of dr. Gertrude Sekaninová-Cakrtova - left-wing politician and diplomat, that the Czechoslovak public arena, she acted from 30' to 70' of 20th century. The main axis of the paper is thematization of their motivation for political actions over time (30th-70th years), which are based on the background of a utopian communist (socialist) promise with which she identified in the first half of the 30th years, yet. The dynamics of Sekaninova-Cakrtova's motivations in the course of 40 years paper articulate in the context of a whole generation of communist intellectuals and their ambivalent relationship to postwar communist regime during its development.
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Not like us. The social marginalization and integration of minorities in the Czech borderlands while "building the new order" (1945-1960)
Spurný, Matěj ; Štaif, Jiří (advisor) ; Pavelčíková, Nina (referee) ; Brenner, Christiane (referee)
This work considers the changing attitudes of Czech society and its political élite towards minorities in the restored nation-state of Czechoslovakia after the Second World War and in the period of the coming to power of the Czechoslovak Communist Party and the stabilization of its dictatorship. To this end, it examines three very heterogeneous minority groups: the ethnic Germans remaining after the expulsions, the Gypsies (Roma), and the Volhynian Czechs. The Czech borderlands (former Sudetenland) were a distinctive space; the processes that took place there are analysed in detail in this work. The discourses and the strategies of legitimation, as well as conflicts and negotiations at the local level, are considered in particular. The aim of the work is to reveal the ideological starting points that the key political actors turned into concrete political aims and the influence that they had on specific events in the border areas, and also the influence that the thinking and notions of local actors had on the transformation of policy and even ideology. Consequently, the work presents a vivid picture of the often ambiguous attitudes amongst the individual components of the Party and State apparat (the senior leadership of the Communist Party, the individual ministries, and the regional and local...
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Psychological aspects of police public order unit intervention
Jungwirtová, Jana ; Spurný, Matěj (referee) ; Slaměník, Ivan (advisor)
Public order unit interventions have specific psychological aspects which may contain stress situations, potential aggressive behaviour and emergence of conflicts. Public order units are deployed in cases of disruption of the public order due to presence of large amounts of people (a frequent cause of the problems is crowd behaviour). It is essential to know which surrounding events go along with these challenging interventions, how policemen perceive their training for these interventions, what advantages and disadvantages they see about their employment in the public order unit, how they approach attendants of mass actions, and what they think about the causes of aggressive behaviour of policemen (which is generally considered to be inappropriate). Photographs from training and statements from real interventions are a good testimony of the experience of policemen, that was gained through the method of focus groups. It is also necessary to to take into account other research done in this area, for instance research carried out by the Police Academy of the Czech Republic through the last few years.
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