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The heavenly council imagery in the Old Testament and its parallels in the literatures of the ancient Near East
Mikulicová, Mlada ; Oliverius, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Ryšková, Mireia (referee) ; Hruška, Blahoslav (referee)
Adopted from the cultural tradition of the Ancient Near East, the heavenly council imagery is used in the Old Testament body as a literary theme in the shape of a background image, or eikon, to support the force of the Divine statement. More developed descriptions of this minimized image are evidenced in mythological fragments of Ugaritic Baal poetry, in the Mesopotamian epic of Enuma eliš, Etana, Nergal and Ereškigal, as well as in the combined text-picture ritual literature of Egyptian necropolises. The Divine Sovereign is pictured sitting on throne among the council of his kin. The obvious judgment character of these scenes suggests the same implicit action in process in the Old Testament image. God's council sits permanently, in suprahistorical dimension, viewed through metaphor and analogy. From there the Divine statement is transmitted to a historical performer of a role defined and entrusted to him by God in His ultimate plan. The figure of God is thus shown as that of a supreme ruler and judge. The heavenly council stands in silent consent to His decision. The judged one is the earthly king in his responsibility to the Lord of the universe for carrying out administration of the land. The prophetic theology of history sees the judgment passed on Israel - God's people (Isaiah) while wisdom (Job)...
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Literary Devices in Jewish-Christian Polemics
Kabůrková, Markéta ; Beneš, Jiří (advisor) ; Oliverius, Jaroslav (referee) ; Vogel, Jiří (referee)
Markéta Kabůrková Literární prostředky v židovsko-křesťanské polemice Literary Devices in Jewish-Christian Polemics Hebrew anti-Christian polemic is a specific literary genre, which evolved in Western Europe at the end of the twelfth century. In my dissertation I classify it on the basis of literary form, tropes applied, and content of polemical argument. I research in particular the application of devices such as sarcasm, satire, irony and parody, which surpass the rigid categorization of polemical methodology developed on the basis of Christian anti-Jewish writings; i.e. biblical exegesis, critique and interpretation of Rabbinic sources, philosophical reasoning, and arguments from history and experience. I deal with the theme of Jesus in Rabbinic literature, the Toldot Jeshu tradition, and the influence of Sefer Nestor ha- komer on later polemical literature. I document the evolution of anti-Christian discourse as reflected in names and various derogatory characteristics used to address a Christian opponent in various Hebrew materials. I further provide examples of what I identify as "dirty" polemics; i.e. polemical arguments exploring areas of carnality. It mainly involves the critique of the Christian doctrine of incarnation and virgin birth, yet also modes of sexual behaviour of the Christians. Next...
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Exegetical Appoaches of Nicholas de Lyra in Postilla litteralis and Ins Role in Christian Tradition
Lisý, Štěpán ; Nosek, Bedřich (advisor) ; Pospíšil, Ctirad Václav (referee) ; Oliverius, Jaroslav (referee)
Vykladačská činnost Mikuláše z Lyry v Postille litteralis a její význam v křesťanské exegetické tradici Exegetical Appoaches of Nicholas de Lyra in Postilla litteralis and Ins Role in Christian Tradition Štěpán Lisý The present work studies variability in Nicholas of Lyra's exegesis in his Postilla litteralis and its role in Christian misionary activities among Jews and Muslims. Lyra's postila is significantly influenced by commentary of Rabbi Shlomo ben Yitzchak. In Postilla litteralis there is a minor influence of commentaries of David Kimchi (Radak), Abraham Ibn Ezra and Raymundus Martini as well. Also in the study the author examines the impact of Postilla litteralis on later scholars and existing numerous manuscripts of Lyra's works in Bohemian and Moravian lands.
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The ways of enriching the Arabic lexicon with a special respect to journalistic style
Bielický, Viktor ; Zemánek, Petr (advisor) ; Oliverius, Jaroslav (referee)
The present study consists of two parts. The first, theoretical part focuses on brief and mostly lexical characteristics of the Arabic media language style (Chapter 2) and describes in outline all word-formational methods used in Modern Standard Arabic for lexical innovation, especially in the field of scientific and technical vocabulary (Chapter 3), i.e. derivation (ištiqq), lexical borrowing (tacrb), composition (nah t), semantic extension (maz), and translation (tarama). The second part (Chapter 4), based on a digitalized corpus of newspaper texts (Lebanese daily newspaper al-H ayt), deals in detail with word-formational, structural, syntactic, and semantic analysis of selected one-word, compound and multi-word lexical units (collocations) in Modern Standard Arabic. An Arabic-Czech dictionary of all lexical material treated in the text is attached to the study (Appendix).
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The image of Tel Aviv in the poetry of Meir Wieseltier
Hametová, Zuzana ; Šedinová, Jiřina (advisor) ; Oliverius, Jaroslav (referee)
The thesis deals with the image of the city of Tel Aviv as it is represented in the poetry of Meir Wieseltier, a contemporary Israeli poet. The main part of the thesis consists of the analysis of the individual poems dealing with Tel Aviv, with the emphasis on the diversity of the poet's Tel Aviv imagery. The thesis includes an introduction to the history of modern Hebrew poetry, and it also discusses the portrayal of Tel Aviv in the works of modern Israeli poets.
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The history of Arabian music in the period of Umayyids and Abbasids
Louženský, Petr ; Veselý, Rudolf (advisor) ; Oliverius, Jaroslav (referee)
This diploma work describes the evolution of arabian music from the period before the rise of Islam, through the age of Prophet Muhammad, the orthodox chalifs, up to the period of Umayyads and Abbasids. The main goal of this work is to analyse the historical and social conditions of each epoch, their reference to arabian music, development of musical instruments and theory, brief compendium of the componists, singers and leading artist by that time.
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FGM in Contemporary Egypt and Sudan: Literary Reflections
Chlpíková, Eva ; Kropáček, Luboš (advisor) ; Oliverius, Jaroslav (referee)
This thesis describes the phenomenon of female genital mutilation (FGM) in Northeastern Africa, focusing on Egypt, Somalia and the Sudan. The core of the thesis lies in literary reflections of this practice and analysis of literary works tackling this subject. Presenting a wide range of literary works on the subject, this thesis aims at classifying and comparing them, with a special emphasis on the works of Nawal el Saadawi and Nuruddin Farah. The thesis also presents a summary of current local and international laws on FGM as well as a list of organisations dealing with FGM. It also briefly describes the religious background of FGM and current situation in Egypt and the Sudan.
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Satire in Classical Arabic Poetry
Pletichová, Anna ; Ondráš, František (advisor) ; Oliverius, Jaroslav (referee)
Satirical poetry is generally considered as a one of the most important genres of the classical Arabic literature. Genre of poetry was in the pre-Islamic and early Islamic society highly appreciated and the Arabs used to regard it as the only form of the real literature. Unlike prose which was limited to the folklore and educational literature esteemed the Arabs poetry as a real art expression and the poet hold also very strong position within the traditional Arab society. Arabic satirical poetry is believed to grow up from curses and lampoons declaimed by traditional Arab wizards, kāhins, and due to the fact that faith in the power of word was still very deeply rooted in people's minds, Arabic satirical poetry was ascribed a very good reputation. The development of society after the rise of Islam also had a very strong impact upon the function of traditional genres of the Arabic poetry. From its original function of discouraging and threating enemies satirical poetry developed into the means of poet's subsistence, political propaganda and society entertainment. Arabic satirical poetry became an independent genre of art. This thesis deals with the origin and the development of Arabic satirical poetry from its emergence in the pre-Islamic period until it reached its peak during the reign of Umayyad...
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The ways of the contemporary Tunisian poetry
Lišková, Iva ; Oliverius, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Kučera, Petr (referee) ; Petrová, Jana (referee)
The purpose of this doctoral thesis is to outline the main trends in the contemporary Tunisian poetry, present it in its variety and colour, and testify to its parity with larger Arabic national literatures. Making use of different theoretical frameworks offered by the modern literary science, the major part of the thesis is given to interpretation of selected poetry collections written by different authors over the period from the early 1990s to the present day. The interpretation is divided into five "currents" reflecting five distinctive sources of inspiration, which, nevertheless, often merge and overlap. The first chapter of the analytical part is interested in collections responding in one way or another to the political situation in Tunisia or other Arabic countries. The second chapter focuses on collections that link the classical Sufi poetry heritage with modern poetic trends. The third chapter is given to surrealism. Covered by the fourth chapter, another "current" of the contemporary Tunisian poetry is fed by fairy tales, legends and myths of both Arabic and other origin. The final analytical chapter follows the current of lyrical love poetry.
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Advertising in Arabic media
Al Hamatiová, Arwa ; Ondráš, František (advisor) ; Oliverius, Jaroslav (referee)
My diploma thesis deals with the analysis of advertising in Arabic media, in particular in Arabic TV stations, such as MBC1, MBC2 and Dubai One. It is based on structuring advertising with respect to content and aim of the statement, i. e. classifying advertising either as product advertisement, image advertising, or social advertising. The thesis studies the advertising style in the fields of lexicology, morphology, and syntax; it however looks also at promotional strategy and persuasion methods. Arabic TV stations broadcast advertisements intended for global promotion, as well as advertisements focusing on the Arabic world and its public. In these advertisements manifests, a range of specific features rooted in culture and religion appears. The paper also deals with the issue of manipulation and deception in advertising, where they are used as one of the persuasion methods. My diploma thesis is based on the stated literature, on advertisements themselves (particularly on TV), on web pages, and also on discussions with people working in advertising. The thesis includes a DVD containing TV advertisements, which makes it possible for the reader to see for himself the advertisements which are being analyzed.
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