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Stubborn Marys: Life Stories of Women of the "Science Enchanted Generation"
Římanová, Jana ; Pešek, Jiří (advisor) ; Lenderová, Milena (referee) ; Vaněk, Miroslav (referee)
Dissertation abstract Stubborn Marie: life stories of the women of the "generation enchanted by science" Jana Římanová, 2023 The dissertation examines the life stories of important Czech scientists who completed their university studies mostly in the 1960s. The main part of the research is the analysis of ten biographical interviews conducted in accordance with the methodology of oral history. The central goal of the research was to answer the question of which key moments and preconditions led these women to successfully establish themselves in the male-dominated academic environment. The research examines the circumstances of origin, life strategies and turning points that influenced the careers of these important personalities of Czech science. The interviews provide an intimate insight into the lives of these women and thus take into account the personal lines of their stories, which have undoubtedly had a significant impact on their careers, but are often omitted in usually publicly published scientific biographies. The conclusions of the research include the following thesis: The support of the family and mentors on the way to higher education was essential for the successful scientific career of these women. The role of the supervisor of the dissertation and whether he helped the women to get their...
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The Phenomenon of Death in Great Britain 1815-1855
Michlová, Marie ; Holý, Martin (advisor) ; Lenderová, Milena (referee) ; Županič, Jan (referee)
This dissertation examines the phenomenon of death in the United Kingdom between 1815 and 1855. It analyses the attitudes of chiefly pre-victorian society towards death, using a synthesis of several different perspectives. Various aspects of death, dying and burial are thus viewed through the lens of contemporary law, medicine, the press, and the arts. Primary personal sources are also used. The multi-layered work combines a number of historical methods and as a whole can be classified as research into historical everyday life and mentalities. Chronologically, the thesis is between two wars, the Napoleonic and the Crimean wars. The 1820s-40s are one of the least researched periods of British history, so this dissertation fills something of a gap in existing research not only concerning the history of death in Britain. Keywords: 19th century, society, death, British history
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Prague sculpture exhibitions 1898 - 1916. A contribution to the theme of gallery sculpture presentation
Cermanová, Jana ; Štaif, Jiří (advisor) ; Blümlová, Dagmar (referee) ; Lenderová, Milena (referee)
Jana Cermanová Prague sculpture exhibitions 1898 - 1916 A contribution to the theme of gallery sculpture presentation Dissertation synopsis Sculpture as an artistic discipline experienced a dynamic rise in the Czech lands at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. This followed the much admired example of France, where Charles Morice, referencing Rodin and his pupils, asserted the dominance of modern sculpture over painting in 1910. Thanks in large part to major art world figure and educator J. V. Myslbek, the Czech lands also saw the development of a highly ambitious group of sculptors poised to address a growing social demand for monumental works (particularly memorials) that recaptured the city's public space. Sculptors worked on architectural commissions for decorative sculptures and on orders for funerary objects, which guaranteed them an income and enabled them to pursue their own creative work. However, it was chiefly this "flood of monuments" that attracted public attention to sculptors and garnered them social prestige. Sculptors became more deeply involved in art events and played a major role in addressing contemporary art world issues. The public boom enjoyed by sculpture carried over into exhibition halls, where ...
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Women 's Emancipation in Žilina from 1918 to 1945
Smidová, Michaela ; Štaif, Jiří (advisor) ; Lenderová, Milena (referee)
The topic of the thesis is women's emancipation movement in Žilina introduced on the basis of an example of local department of Slovak Women's Association Živena between 1918 and 1945. To start with, the thesis presents the situational context of the town in question and its surrounding regions as well as the Živena Association. It deals with the composition of the department's members and the ways it influenced the selection of adressees, the public's attitude towards the department and self-perception of members' role in the public sphere. The thesis analyses also the chosen strategies of the department's admission into the town's public space, external and internal reasons for choosing them and their success rate in the case of promoting women's emancipation thoughts among the local public.Considering the chosen time period, the thesis also focuses on the development of the studied topics influenced by political and social changes taking place in the region of current Slovakia in the covered time period.
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Czech grammar schools, their students and teachers, 1867-1918
Řezníčková, Kateřina ; Hlavačka, Milan (advisor) ; Lenderová, Milena (referee) ; Rýdl, Karel (referee)
This thesis examines the development, character and routine of an ordinary day of Czech middle schools. The first chapter outlines the changes in middle school education throughout the 'long' 19th Century. The summary of these changes begins at the end of the 18th Century, the time of the educational reforrns introduced by Maria Theresa and Joseph II, and is followed by a brief summary of the changes in the first half of the 19th Century. Detailed research has been done into the history of middle schools, from 1848 (from Bonitz-Exner Outline, a fundamental document which influenced changes in the educational system for many years) until the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The main focus is on the period from 1867; this year was the catalyst for the major development of Czech middle schools. Briefly mentioned are the changes and restrictions caused by the First World War; there is also a section dedicated to middle school education for girls. The second chapter concentrates on specific areas of middle school education, such as: who studied, and on what terrns; programmes of study; the curriculum of individua! subjects. The structure of the school year and the daily school time-table is also examined. Detailed study has been made of marking and the context and demands of final exams. Furtherrnore,...
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The meaning, form and reform of the family by T. G. Masaryk
Kaňa, Jan ; Horský, Jan (advisor) ; Lenderová, Milena (referee) ; Moravcová, Mirjam (referee)
This study investigates and describes ideas of the proper form of family life and activism in this matter - efforts to persuade general public to adopt these ideas. This corresponds to the choice of the main goals of the study: 1. Show what the content of these ideas was. 2. Show the range of topics covered by the authors of these ideas. 3. Show the manners of this activism. What media these activists usually used, how they fought or cooperated with rival activists and who was "target" of their enlightenment efforts. 4. Answer the question "Why did these efforts arise at all?" Why there was a feeling that family is in crisis and in need of reform. The feeling that family is in crisis probably has its origin in the days of the first attempts to define the family. However, this study does not focus on the topic from its presumed origin, but from the last quarter of the nineteenth century to the second half of the 1930s. This period represents a time of boom of these enlightenment efforts in the Czech lands and it's also time of T. G. Masaryk. His ideas of the proper form of family life and activism in this matter form the backbone of this work. The reason for choosing Masaryk is given by the fact that he dealt with given topic in its wide range. He was a man who didn't avoid disputes with other...
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Women's Agency in the Czech Political Catholicism (1896-1939)
Havelka, Jiří ; Nešpor, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Knotková - Čapková, Blanka (referee) ; Lenderová, Milena (referee)
This dissertation is based on a socio-cultural and social-anthropological approach to religion which (among other things) says that religion is dependent on the society in which it occurs. The ambition of the dissertation is not to capture "official positions" of the Catholic Church about the role of women in modern society. The dissertation is focusing on the perspective of Catholic women themselves. My main aim is to observe the opinion Catholic women have about themselves, and whether they reflect social or modernization changes. I will also observe, how they negotiated their role within the Czech political Catholicism. Time specification includes the end of the nineteenth century when women got more opportunities in the public sphere. As well as the period of independent Czechoslovakia and its constitution which declared the equal status of men and women.
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Czech grammar schools, their students and teachers, 1867-1918
Řezníčková, Kateřina ; Hlavačka, Milan (advisor) ; Lenderová, Milena (referee) ; Rýdl, Karel (referee)
This thesis examines the development, character and routine of an ordinary day of Czech middle schools. The first chapter outlines the changes in middle school education throughout the 'long' 19th Century. The summary of these changes begins at the end of the 18th Century, the time of the educational reforrns introduced by Maria Theresa and Joseph II, and is followed by a brief summary of the changes in the first half of the 19th Century. Detailed research has been done into the history of middle schools, from 1848 (from Bonitz-Exner Outline, a fundamental document which influenced changes in the educational system for many years) until the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The main focus is on the period from 1867; this year was the catalyst for the major development of Czech middle schools. Briefly mentioned are the changes and restrictions caused by the First World War; there is also a section dedicated to middle school education for girls. The second chapter concentrates on specific areas of middle school education, such as: who studied, and on what terrns; programmes of study; the curriculum of individua! subjects. The structure of the school year and the daily school time-table is also examined. Detailed study has been made of marking and the context and demands of final exams. Furtherrnore,...
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Theresian Institute of Noblewomen at Prague Castle
Žáková, Michaela ; Županič, Jan (advisor) ; Lenderová, Milena (referee) ; Hlavačka, Milan (referee)
The topic of the dissertation is the Theresian Institute for Noblewomen at Prague Castle, which from its founding by Maria Theresa in 1755 served as an institute for unmarried women of the old noble families. The dissertation maps out the development of the institution from its founding until its complete dissolution at the beginning of the 1950s, both within the broader historical context as well as in comparison with other such institutes for the care of ladies, particularly in Brno, Innsbruck, Graz and Vienna. It analyses the character of the foundation, its internal structure and the form of its economic provision while also focusing on the practical functioning of the institute, its significance in society and the everyday lives of its members. The dissertation represents a contribution to better understanding the social role of unmarried noblewomen in Habsburg society. In a broader context it illustrates the transformation of noble society in the second half of the 18th century and in the "long 19th century" as well as its fate in the confrontation with the changing relations in Czechoslovakia's first republic and finally with the totalitarian regimes in the first half of the 20th century.
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The Woman in the Czech Traditional Worldview The Ethnolinguistic Study
Christou, Anna ; Vaňková, Irena (advisor) ; Lenderová, Milena (referee) ; Nebeská, Iva (referee)
The dissertation aims at the analysis of the traditional linguistic worldview of the woman in Czech. Theoretically and methodologically, the dissertation follows from the modern Polish ethnolinguistics, i.e. a discipline focusing on the studies of language in relation to culture, which uses the term of "linguistic worldview", referring specifically to the ways in which the values and experience of the particular society have been written into its language. The aim of the dissertation is to reconstruct the image (the stereotype) of the woman in Czech, i.e. to reveal the structure of stereotypical characteristics related to the woman in the language and the culture. The attention was paid primarily to the traditional image, built in the centuries before the dramatic changes of the society and the women's role in modern times. The analysis of the Czech vocabulary (including phraseology) and of the traditional songs lyrics, minor folklore genres as well as classical Czech literature has led to the reveal and subsequent characterization of four specific modes of the linguistic worldview of the woman, divided according to the three aspects (profiles) - the age, the appearance and the social role - as the young girl (maiden), the wife, the mother and the old woman. Each of them involves the general as...
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