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Partisanship and Political or Opinion Bias in Western Media
Šimek, Jan ; Just, Petr (advisor) ; Charvát, Jakub (referee)
This bachelor thesis explores the question of explicit and implicit opinion bias of mass media in the Czech Republic, the Great Britain, and the USA. The first section of this work is dedicated to a brief historical development of media as a party in the public debate, with focus on the 20th and 21st century. This is followed by an analysis and media reflection of the dividing topics in the selected time frame and a closer inspection upon the journalistic scenes in the selected countries regarding their political and opinion biases. The main core of this work is an analysis of the selected media's attitudes towards principal topics of political and societal reality in each country.
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Electoral System Choice in the Context of the Democratic Transition and Consolidation
Maděra, Milan ; Charvát, Jakub (advisor) ; Štefek, Martin (referee)
Electoral System Choice in the Context of the Democratic Transition and Consolidation Diploma thesis examines the influence of exogenous factors on motivation and preferences of electoral reform actors based on their power position and value-driven approach in Czechoslovakia. It deals with the relation among mode of transition, the electoral reform type and the electoral system type as outcome for the founding elections. It attempts to identify the difference of conditions for electoral system change during the democratic transition and the consolidation in Czechia; to compare their exogenous factors. It also examines which values were emphasized by electoral reform actors and which values were embodied by their preferred electoral systems. It classifies the type of electoral reform process. It also provides the overview of chosen electoral system parameters and evolution of its changes.
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Polish Party System 1989-2016: A Case of Polarization
Koubek, Jiří ; Bureš, Jan (advisor) ; Just, Petr (referee) ; Charvát, Jakub (referee)
Polish Party System 1989-2016: A Case of Polarization Abstract The dissertation thesis analyses the Polish party system focusing particularly on the issues of polarization and anti-communism. The analysis is partially carried out in comparative perspective, especially in exploring anti-communism. Throughout the post-transition period, Poland has been displaying high levels of polarization, without any substantial link to the fragmentation of the party system. Seeking the sources of the polarizing tensions, the thesis has identified the construction of language of politics, as well as historicising and identity- based understanding of political divisions in Poland. The thesis specially focuses on the issue of anti-communism, as a key factor in creating and launching various polarizing impulses. The periodization of the Polish party system developments, as well as its categorization as a case of Satori's polarized pluralism is also proposed in the text. Key words: party system, Poland, polarization, anti-communism, fragmentation, alternation, competition, cleavages, dimensions of competition
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Marketing communication of the Football club Bohemians 1905
Charvát, Jakub ; Voráček, Josef (advisor) ; Ruda, Tomáš (referee)
Title: Marketing communication of club Bohemians 1905 Objectives: The aim of this work is to analyze marketing communication of Bohemians 1905 Football Club and to highlight its strengths and weaknesses. The next task is to suggest possible solutions that would improve marketing communications. Methods: In the work are used methods of interviews and document analysis. Results: After analyzing marketing communication Bohemians 1905 were found a number of shortcomings. In the sixth chapter of the thesis is mentioned how to solve them. Keywords: marketing communication, sponsorship, interview, FC Bohemians 1905
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Nature as Myth
Charvát, Jakub ; Češka, Jakub (advisor) ; Skovajsa, Marek (referee)
What exactly do we mean by "nature"? What do people expect from "nature"? And how has our understanding of it changed? The M.A. thesis "Nature as Myth", using Barthe's two-tiered system of signs and myths as a methodological tool, attempts to answer these questions through an examination of various historical and literary sources. The thesis has a chronological structure, consisting of four parts: 19th century, 1918-1938, 1938-1989, and from 1989 until the present. It focuses on fiction, memoir, and the history of "back to nature" movements. It also deals with environmental and aesthetic issues. The last section touches on the representation of nature in advertisement. The thesis will demonstrate that in all four of the time periods the most common depiction of nature is as a place of escape - both literally and figuratively. key words: nature, hiking, tramping, scouting, woodcraft, recreation in the cabins and cottages, ecology
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Twenty Years of the Politics of Electoral Reform for the Chamber of Deputies in the Czech Republic, 1989-2009
Charvát, Jakub ; Bureš, Jan (advisor) ; Klíma, Michal (referee) ; Novák, Miroslav (referee)
The presented thesis mainly focuses on an analysis of twenty years of the politics of electoral reform in Czechoslovakia (1990-1992), on the federal level (the Federal Assembly), and the national level (the Czech National Council), respectively, and later on the politics of electoral reform in the Czech Republic, on the national level (the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic). First, the thesis discusses how and why electoral systems are chosen and changed. Recent analysis of the politics of electoral reform has yielded two main theoretical perspectives regarding the reforms of recent decades. The first one, the power-maximizing perspective, assumes that politicians control the choice of the electoral system and that they are motivated to maximize their power. The other perspective allows for a wider range of actors - in particular, including ordinary citizens as well as politicians - and sees electoral reform as the product of a mix of inherent and contingent factors. Reform can, under this approach, occur in response to specific instances of systemic failure. More recently, Alan Renwick (in 2010 and more precisely in 2011) seeks to develop a more refined understanding of electoral reform processes through two steps. At the outset, there is an acknowledgement that there are...
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The electoral system to the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic
Charvát, Jakub ; Bureš, Jan (advisor) ; Buben, Radek (referee)
The aim of this text is to analyse current electoral system to the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic and its critics. Chapter one defines four main variables that are exclusively specific to list proportional representation systems - electoral district magnitude, electoral formula, legal threshold and the number and character of tier districting. Various combinations of these variables produce various proportionality of the representation authority. Chapter two presents descriptive analysis of the current electoral system to the Chamber of Deputies, by means of four main variables and a secondary variable - character of list of candidates (ballot structure). Chapter three is pointing to some of the critics of the current electoral system. In chapter four, there I present my project how to reform current electoral system. These changes are likely to have minimal effect on the electoral behaviour of voters and political parties. I propose: to modify the number of electoral districts from current fourteen to nine (by means of combination current small electoral districts), modification of the process of preferential voting (four preferential votes for each voter instead of current two votes and variable threshold for being elected by means of preferential voting from four to five per...
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How to refort the electoral system for the czech chamber of deputies? Analysis of current electoral system and reform options
Charvát, Jakub ; Bureš, Jan (advisor) ; Just, Petr (referee)
The aim of this study is to analyse a proposal of bill of electoral reform for electoral system to the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic, and especially by the Czech government prefered so-called Greek variant, and to show its weaknesses. The main problem of this proposals is, according to the author of this study, the bonus for the winner of electoral competition. By using the analysis of current electoral system the author tries to prove that the more important in the Czech political reality is the proportionality of electoral results than the bonus for winning political party. In the end, author presents his project to reform the current electoral system. These changes are likely to have minimal effect on the electoral behaviour of voters and political parties. This proposal modifies the number of electoral districts from current fourteen to nine (by means of combination of current small electoral districts), it also modifies the process of preferential voting (four preferential votes for each voter and variable threshold for being elected by means of preferential voting between four and five per cent, depending on electoral district magnitude) and aborts additive legal threshold for electoral coalitions. This project may produce more proportional electoral results than the...
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Work safety in the construction industry with a focus on accidents at work
Charvát, Jakub ; Šebela, Lukáš (referee) ; Tichá, Alena (advisor)
The aim of the thesis is to approach the issues of health and safety at work and work-related accidents in the construction industry. The theoretical part is devoted to the historical development of occupational health and safety in general, and consequently the development of inspection bodies operating in this area at present. Then there is also handled accident statistics for 2012. The practical part is a form of treatment for specific health and safety plan construction contract with a subsequent risk analysis.
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