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The life and work of historian Josef Polišenský
Kindl, Martin ; Beneš, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Hojda, Zdeněk (referee) ; Jiroušek, Bohumil (referee)
The abstract of dissertation thesis The Life and Work of Historian Josef Polišenský The presented dissertation thesis is an attempt to analyze certain chapters from the life of the historian Josef Polišenský and his scientific activities. We analyze the existing works and reflextions about his personality in the first part of the thesis. The next part of the thesis is focused on those topics that have been minimally reflected so far: We demonstrate the influence of his scientific predecessors on his work, generational experiences, the influence of Marxism, Structuralism and his efforts to influence historical methodology. We found out the source of his admiration for historian František Kutnar and we explored the rivality between him and his colleague František Graus. The next part of the thesis is devoted to Josef Polišenský's role in the study of White Mountain and the Spanish Civil War. The result of our dissertation thesis is that Josef Polišenský was not only a "positivist", but also a historian who tried to influence methodological approaches especially during the 50's, the time of his essential works.
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John Capistran Vyskočil
Čada, Václav ; Ferstl, Roman (advisor) ; Jiroušek, Bohumil (referee)
This thesis deals with the life of the historian and Franciscan Jan Kapistrán Vyskočil and it includes a comprehensive biography of this significant representative of the Franciscan Order in Czechoslovakia of the twentieth century. In addition to his life description, it is possible to find the description of his journey to Italy and France. Furthermore, it includes Jan Kapistrán Vyskočil's research work and the emphasis is placed on his not so far published texts, which can be found in the archives in the Czech Republics. This work represents the first comprehensive biography of this historian.
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Secularization in Italy in the post-war-era: literature in the social context
Olša, Michal ; Pullmann, Michal (advisor) ; Jiroušek, Bohumil (referee)
EN The purpose of my thesis is to analyse the process of secularization in the post-war era in Italy. The study is focused on lower social classes. The aim of my thesis is to show the complexity of the process such as secularization; on the one hand there are statistic numbers showing the trend of falling religiosity, on the other hand we know Italians as believers in God and Italy as a country with catholic symbols appearing openly in public. To understand this ambivalence, it is necessary to distinguish church, religion and faith. As a primary source for my thesis I have chosen novels of the neorealist writers. As neorealism tries to capture predominantly the social reality and the writers show greater capability of uncovering the motivation of historical figure than any other possible sources, selecting the works of the neorealist writers proves to be more than suitable. The main methodology chosen for my thesis is typification, through which I tried to define the social stereotypes. The thesis is composed of nine chapters. Chapters one to three describe the political, economic and social situation of post-war Italy and define the social segment on which the thesis is focused. Presented is a characterization of neorealism and the authors as well as the most important theories of secularization...
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Jiřina Popelová and Modern Czech Comeniologica Studies
Hajíček, Jakub ; Beneš, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Koťa, Jaroslav (referee) ; Jiroušek, Bohumil (referee)
Jakub Hajíček The abstract of dissertation thesis Jirina Popelova and Modern Czech Comeniological Studies This dissertation thesis describes the history of Czech and English comeniological studies i.e. the interdisciplinary studies of life, works and legacy of Jan Amos Komensky. The thesis starts with the real beginning of the studies in the 18th century and depicts the history until the Second World War. There is a specific focus on the second half of the 20th century in which the gradual transition to modern comeniological studies takes place - in previous researches Komensky was understood as a great teacher and also as an author of language textbooks. On the other hand, modern comeniological studies interpret him primarily as an original philosopher and theologian whose pedagogical thinking arises from philosophy. Czech-Slovak perspective is consistently applied, and different accents, approaches and also the value of Czech and Slovak comeniological studies are shown in an interesting way. The emphasis is also put on important personalities who were working in the field of comeniological studies e.g. Ján Kvačala, the founder of comeniological studies as a scientific discipline, Josef Hendrich, the most important Czech researcher of the first half of the 20th century, or also on selected personalities...
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Identity after historical change. Anti-Hitler Emigration of Fine Artists from Germany and Czechoslovakia in Great Britain (1933-1945)
Duchková, Zuzana ; Soukupová, Blanka (advisor) ; Moravcová, Mirjam (referee) ; Jiroušek, Bohumil (referee)
Identity after Historical Change. Anti-Hitler Emigration of Fine Artists from Germany and Czechoslovakia to Great Britain (1933-1945). Mgr. Zuzana Duchková This dissertation thesis deals with a group of German and Czechoslovak fine artists (Erich A. Bischof, Kurt Lade, John Heartfield, Ludwig Meidner, Heinz Worner, Bedřich Feigl and Karel Vogel) who decided or were forced to exile from their home countries to Great Britain after Hitler came to power and stayed there during the Second World War. Research methods adopted from historical anthropology, approaches used in exile research and identity theory have been used to examine the impact of the extensive historical change on their personality as well as "artistic identity". A key area of the research is the period of 1933-1945, however, the lives of the artists before emigration have been outlined too.
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Hugo Vavrečka's War. Microhistory From the Threshold of Contemporary History (1945-1952)
Wohlmuth Markupová, Jana ; Putna, Martin (advisor) ; Vaněk, Miroslav (referee) ; Jiroušek, Bohumil (referee)
The dissertation focuses on the microhistorical analysis of the last years of the life of Hugo Vavrečka (1880-1952), technician, journalist, economist, diplomat and sales director of the Baťa company. The theoretical and methodological part elaborates on the epistemological differences between biographical and microhistorical research, after which attention is paid especially to the possibilities of microhistorical research in the field of contemporary history. The methodology of clues (Carlo Ginzburg) and the researcher's own positionality follow, while the sources used are presented. The interpretative part briefly summarizes the basic outlines of Hugo Vavrečka's life before 1944, after which the main research focus is put on his actions from autumn 1944 to his death in August 1952. Thesis analyses Vavrečka's post-war life, his own attitude to the personal and socio- political situation, to its changes, trying to name the approaches and individual motivations or beliefs with which he chose them. Last but not least, the work also focuses on the broader context of his family and friends, as well as on at least partially exposing the steps of his post-war opponents, who largely led him into this uneasy situation.
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Jaroslav Průšek and Czechoslovak Sinology. Between politics, science and fascination.
Zádrapová, Anna ; Jiroušek, Bohumil (advisor) ; Lach, Jiří (referee) ; Hudeček, Jiří (referee)
Jaroslav Průšek and Czechoslovak Sinology. Between politics, Science and Fascination. Abstract This thesis deals with the beginnings of Czechoslovak Sinology in the context of the political and social situation during the post-War period, posing the question: what factors played a decisive role in that process? The study focuses on a few main areas: Jaroslav Průšek, the founder of Czechoslovak Sinology, as an individual actor whose personality combined an engaged approach to social affairs with intellectual honesty based on direct contact with the culture under study (especially its language and literature), and his contribution to building Sinology as a scientific discipline. Of necessity, that was explicitly tied to the contemporary political situation, which shaped scientific practice through the cooperation of all loyal actors, at the ideological as well as institutional and personal level. Through a discourse analysis of contemporary texts, mainly by Průšek, we follow these continuities diachronically: the development of Průšek's thought on China from his student days in the 1920s, through his stay in China and Japan in the 1930s and the particular war years, until the post-War (and post-1948) period; as well as synchronically: the links to the period's mentality, created by shared values. We further...
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The historian W. W. Tomek and his importance in Czech historiography.
Pazderský, Roman ; Beneš, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Jiroušek, Bohumil (referee) ; Řezník, Miloš (referee)
Roman PAZDERSKÝ, The Historian W. W. Tomek and His Importance in the Czech Historiography, dissertation thesis, FF UK, Prague 2019 This dissertation thesis is an attempt to thoroughly evaluate the significance of the Czech historian Wácslaw Wladiwoj Tomek (1818-1905) for Czech historiography. The basic methodological assumption of the work is the belief that the meaning of Tomek's intellectual contribution can be adequately understood only on the basis of the broader contexts of his life and work, which are perceived in his integral interconnection with the corresponding social, political and cultural contexts of the history of the Czech society in the 19th century. The introductory chapters provide a detailed overview of the sources and literature on the subject, including the discussion of W. W. Tomek's present reflections in a wider rather than narrow historiographical space. The essential part of the introduction is the subchapter Czech Historiography as a Research Topic, aiming to find a suitable conceptualization key for competent reflections on the changes of the Czech historiography of the 19th century on the background of relevant social and historical contexts. The following chapter, titled "Long Life in a Short Impression," presents a clear outline of Tomek 's life, whose aim is not to...
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Identity after historical change. Anti-Hitler Emigration of Fine Artists from Germany and Czechoslovakia in Great Britain (1933-1945)
Duchková, Zuzana ; Soukupová, Blanka (advisor) ; Moravcová, Mirjam (referee) ; Jiroušek, Bohumil (referee)
Identity after Historical Change. Anti-Hitler Emigration of Fine Artists from Germany and Czechoslovakia to Great Britain (1933-1945). Mgr. Zuzana Duchková This dissertation thesis deals with a group of German and Czechoslovak fine artists (Erich A. Bischof, Kurt Lade, John Heartfield, Ludwig Meidner, Heinz Worner, Bedřich Feigl and Karel Vogel) who decided or were forced to exile from their home countries to Great Britain after Hitler came to power and stayed there during the Second World War. Research methods adopted from historical anthropology, approaches used in exile research and identity theory have been used to examine the impact of the extensive historical change on their personality as well as "artistic identity". A key area of the research is the period of 1933-1945, however, the lives of the artists before emigration have been outlined too.
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The Media as a Theme in the Arts Across the History of the Czech Media
Ježková, Tereza ; Köpplová, Barbara (advisor) ; Jiroušek, Bohumil (referee) ; Vojtěchovský, Miroslav (referee)
Like newspapers, books, cinema or music, fine art is a medium of human communication, and the carrier of a message. Its role as a specific means of communication has transformed throughout history, along with the role of mass media. Before the rise of mass communications across all of society, this function was to some degree facilitated by works of art. A work of art is itself a medium of communication, while at the same time it can also represent other media - in various stages of the evolution of arts and culture the mass media themselves became the subject of art. This can be defined as the meta-communication of one medium with another. The present dissertation focuses on the research and work of Czech artists engaged with visualizing the means of mass-media communication (periodicals, radio, television) and its actors (the recipients and producers of media content). The relevant works of art for this thesis (paintings, drawings, prints, sculptures) are the focus of a qualitative analysis resulting in an overview of the evolution of this subject matter since the advent of mass media, i.e., from the emergence of the first printed periodicals to the 1960s. My dissertation The Media as a Theme in the Arts Across the History of the Czech Media approaches the topic as historical research viewed...
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