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Economic Indicators and their Systems
ROLLOVÁ, Lucie
The main aim of this diploma thesis is to analyze economic indicators and their construction. These indicators are used for the evaluation of the economic performance in selected states. It is very necessary to understand these indicators and their telling abilities in order to increase the living standard of the country. This thesis compares countries of the Visegrad Group and Germany, as a state with the strongest economy in Europe. The first part is focused on the theoretical description of indicators including composite indicators, which quantify the standard of living and methods, which are used for a comparison of states. The second part contains the comparison of selected countries. For this analysis are used data of economic outlooks of OECD and Eurostat Then evaluated data are used for Multi-criteria Decision Making. The result of the thesis is the evaluation of economic development in the Visegrad Group and Germany.
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The motivation of the countries of the Visegrad group for energy cooperation
Kohoutová, Petra ; Kučerová, Irah (advisor) ; Odintsov, Nikita (referee)
Practically every single state sees energy security as one of the main security and political topics nowadays. Its significance is on the rise. Although there is a continuous progress regarding renewable sources of energy, the world remains largely dependent on non- renewable resources. They are unevenly distributed across the world, especially in case of oil and natural gas. This results in dividing the countries between importers and exporters. This diploma thesis focuses on energy cooperation or more precisely on motivations for energy cooperation between member states of the Visegrad group. These four Central European countries share some similarities. In energy area they all are the importers of both oil and gas and they rely on the Russian Federation as their main supplier. Energy cooperation within the Visegrad group is usually explained by two theoretical approaches - realism or neoliberal institutionalism. This thesis introduces these approaches and works with a hypothesis that energy cooperation between the member states of the Visegrad group is best explained by neoliberal institutionalism. The thesis represents a qualitative study and uses the method of a comparative case study. The analytic part of the thesis is divided into four case studies regarding each member state of the V4....
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Cooperating or bypassing the member state? Paradiplomacy of the Visegrád regions in Brussels.
Poloczek, Łukasz Ignacy ; Šlosarčík, Ivo (advisor) ; Arregui Moreno, Francisco Javier (referee)
More and more attention is paid in the academic debate to the issue of sub-state entities, represented by regional governments, as partially independent actors of international politics. This phenomenon, referred to as paradiplomacy, is particularly visible in the European Union, where since 1980s regional governments have been mobilising to gain direct influence on the shape of European politics. A regional government that acts as an agent of European politics may or may not be actively supported by its central government. This thesis tries to investigate the relationship between the direct representations of the Visegrád Group regions in Brussels and their respective national Permanent Representations. In the first chapter, I discuss the theoretical issues related to regional mobilisation in Brussels by referring to the work of researchers who deal with multi- level governance in the context of the European Union. In the second chapter, I present and justify the choice of research design, case studies, and semi-structured interviews as the main source of obtaining data necessary to answer the research question. In the third chapter, I included the analysis of the obtained information, and in the fourth chapter, the conclusions drawn from it. This research shows that direct regional...
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Media freedom in the Visegrád Group countries from the perspective of journalists
Voráček, Michal ; Vochocová, Lenka (advisor) ; Groman, Martin (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with media freedom in the Visegrád Group countries (Czechia, Slovakia, Poland, Hungary) from the perspective of professional journalists. It aims to map how journalists in these four countries perceive freedom in relation to their profession - how they understand the concept of freedom of expression, what threatens freedom of expression or freedom of the media according to them, how free they feel in their profession and what is the trend regarding media freedom in the coming years in their opinion. The theoretical part thoroughly captures the historical development of freedom of expression, its legal protection in constitutional documents and international conventions, the limits of freedom of expression as well as forms of its restriction. It also introduces the most important non-governmental non- profit organizations monitoring media freedom in the world and presents the media environment in each country. The theoretical part also pursues the perception and approach of professional journalists to freedom of expression, media freedom and other journalistic concepts and values. The analytical part then follows a journalistic professional discourse in the form of a qualitative analysis based on semi-structured in-depth interviews with active journalists from the Visegrád...
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Development of total mortality and cause-specific mortality in V4 countries since the beginning of the millennium
Trejbal, Filip ; Altová, Anna (advisor) ; Kulhánová, Ivana (referee)
Development of total mortality and cause-specific mortality in V4 countries since the beginning of the millennium Abstract The main aim of this thesis is to describe and evaluate the development of total mortality and mortality by selected causes in V4 countries within the period 2000-2018. The thesis focuses especially on analysing the long-term, eventually incipient mortality trends and comparing individual countries, i. e. Czechia, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia. Life expectancy at birth and at the age of 65 is used to analyze the development of total mortality. The development of cause- specific mortality is assessed using standardized mortality rates and the contributions of age groups and groups of causes of death to changes in the life expectancy at birth. Improving mortality conditions within the V4 were observed and evidenced by the increase in life expectancy at birth and at age 65 in all countries over almost the entire period. This favourable development was primarily due to a decrease of mortality from circulatory diseases, especially in older age (65+). It was also found that in the new millennium, the trend of increasing mortality from some causes of death, such as mental disorders and diseases of the nervous system, appeared in the V4 countries. There has also been a diversification of the...
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Daylight Saving Time and Stock Market Returns: Evidence from the Visegrad Group
Kúdeľa, Peter ; Havránková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Novák, Jiří (referee)
Do investors make bad decisions following the clock change? If so, there would be traces of such anomaly in market data. In this thesis, we investigate these traces focusing on the stock markets of the Visegrad Group, known to be pre- vailingly illiquid. We combine the most recent financial data with the ARIMA- GARCH framework while employing brand-new Bayesian techniques. Using several robustness checks, we show that such e ect cannot be traced in these markets. While we do not claim to challenge the seminal works in this field, we do support the evidence that the e ects of daylight saving policy do not pertain to less liquid markets. JEL Classification C11, G12, G14, G41 Keywords daylight saving time, market anomaly, Visegrad Group, Bayesian analysis Title Daylight Saving Time and Stock Market Re- turns: Evidence from the Visegrad Group
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Planned parenthood in Visegrad Group countries
Hrabcová, Tereza ; Šídlo, Luděk (advisor) ; Kalibová, Květa (referee)
Planned parenthood in Visegrad Group countries Abstract The main goal of this thesis is to characterise the changing approach to family planning in individual Visegrad Group countries from the 1950s to the present and then compare them to each other. The theoretical part focuses on factors that had major influence on both the formation of families and the time of having children in the countries studied. The analytical part deals with the development of demographic indicators of fertility, abortion and the estimated development of contraceptive use based on the surveys carried out. The analysis shows that during the socialist era, the approach about family planning was similar in the countries, but from the early 1990s it began to differentiate more. The biggest differences from other countries were recorded in Poland, probably due to the Catholic Church. Keywords: planned parenthood, Visegrad Group, Czechia, Slovakia, Hungary, Poland, fertility, induced abortion, contraception
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The influence of the Visegrad Group on the negotiations on the MFF 2014-2020 and 2021-2027
Němcová, Ivanna ; Handl, Vladimír (advisor) ; Vykoukal, Jiří (referee)
The fundamental idea of the coexistence of the contemporary central European states within one geopolitical space has its beginning in the 14th century when the monarchs of Bohemia, Poland and Hungary found and articulated a common interest in cooperation in defence against Habsburg's power expansion. The formalised form of cooperation was later implemented within the Austrian and subsequently Austro-Hungarian monarchy. Austria's dominant role ended in 1918 with the breakdown of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy, as one of the results of the first world war. The current Visegrad Group was created as a need to respond to the new challenges that these countries had to face in the new geopolitical order of Europe. In pursuing a realistic policy, the Visegrad group can become a significant force not only within the EU, capable of defending the economic, military, and political interests of its members. The promotion of the economic and national interests of the individual members of the Visegrad Group can be enhanced by mutual cooperation within the European Union, especially during negotiations of the long-term budgets of the European Union. The long-term budget of the European Union (Multiannual Financial Framework) is the fundamental document of the EU, which determines its long-term priorities and...
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Electoral volatility in European Parliament Elections in V4 Countries: 2004-2019
Mertlík, Arnošt ; Linek, Lukáš (advisor) ; Dvořák, Tomáš (referee)
This diploma thesis focuses on changes in voting behaviour among voters in the Visegrad Group states (V4), specifically electoral volatility between the European Parliament elections and the national elections in the particular state. The approach to examining electoral volatility in this work is based on the second-order national elections theory, which divides elections into less and more important ones. The aim of the work is first to describe the overall electoral volatility in the V4 states in a cross-section of all European elections based on individual data from post-election questionnaire surveys. Subsequently, I find out what are the specific causes and motivations for changes in electoral behaviour. The analysis shows that there are several different patterns of volatile behaviour in the V4 countries, but the consistent and general pattern is a high degree of electoral demobilisation in the European elections. This may be due to political attitudes or the level of trust in the European institutions. I then analyze voters' demobilization among government and opposition voters, who differ mainly in their views of the national political situation. Keywords Electoral volatility, vote switching, electoral behaviour, second-order national election theory, European Parliament elections,...
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Electoral volatility in European Parliament Elections in V4 Countries: 2004-2019
Mertlík, Arnošt ; Linek, Lukáš (advisor) ; Dvořák, Tomáš (referee)
This diploma thesis focuses on changes in voting behaviour among voters in the Visegrad Group states (V4), specifically electoral volatility between the European Parliament elections and the national elections in the particular state. The approach to examining electoral volatility in this work is based on the second-order national elections theory, which divides elections into less and more important ones. The aim of the work is first to describe the overall electoral volatility in the V4 states in a cross-section of all European elections based on individual data from post-election questionnaire surveys. Subsequently, I find out what are the specific causes and motivations for changes in electoral behaviour. The analysis shows that there are several different patterns of volatile behaviour in the V4 countries, but the consistent and general pattern is a high degree of electoral demobilisation in the European elections. This may be due to political attitudes or the level of trust in the European institutions. I then analyze voters' demobilization among government and opposition voters, who differ mainly in their views of the national political situation. Keywords Electoral volatility, vote switching, electoral behaviour, second-order national election theory, European Parliament elections,...
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