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Heidegger's daseinsanalysis and its importance
Vitvar, Bohumil ; Hogenová, Anna (advisor) ; Rybák, David (referee)
The aim of this diploma thesis is to analyse the Heidegger's daseinsanalysis. I focus in particular on a description of its roots and basics, that it originates from. Furthemore I refer to its philosophical fundament and its practical application to a psychotherapy, where it helps patients to grasp their lost life balance and orientation. I choose this topic because it is related to my bachelor's thesis, that is named "Sense of life and current human" . The daseinsanalysis also discusses the position of the human in the world and his being and searching of the life's meaning. In the contemporary global world full of disagreements and conflicts and the hectic pace of modern life, more and more people deal with the psychological or neurotic problems, more and more people search for their place in the world. Thanks to their inability to deal with these problems by their own strengths, they subsequently seek the help of psychologists. There the daseinsanalysis comes into play in the form of an individual or a group therapy. I reckon Edmund Husserl and Martin Heidegger, whose philosophical theories helped to create roots for the development of the daseinsanalysis, among the most influential representatives of the daseinsanalysis's development. Next I would like to mention Ludwig Binswanger, Medard Boss...
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Levinas and Phenomenology
Luňáková, Anna ; Petříček, Miroslav (advisor) ; Švec, Ondřej (referee)
The text deals with the Phenomenology of Edmund Husserl from the perspective of Emmanuel Levinas. The aim of this work is to show the basic outline of Husserl's Phenomenology, as it does Levinas in his study in the book named Discovering existence with Husserl and Heidegger. I was concentrated on how is Levinas willing to read Phenomenology. The method was thorough reading of Levinas' analysis of the Phenomenology, considering essays at the end of the book of Discovering. On the example of the speech, I tried to show, which relations Levinas consider as constitutive and in what regard may be exceeded phenomenological approach. Overall, I consider this text as a means of gaining some insight into the current philosophy and writing of Emmanuel Levinas.
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Temporality by Maurice Merleau-Ponty. From perception to a historical subject
Turínek, Tomáš ; Novotný, Karel (advisor) ; Zika, Richard (referee)
The aim of the presented treatise is to give an account on the temporality in the early work of a french phenomenologist Maurice Merleau-Ponty, mainly in his principal peace of work Phenomenology of Perception. Merleau-Ponty understands the time here as a movement of temporalization which is coextensive with the existentential movement of the subject itself. On perception, intentionality or memory we will try to demonstrate in what meaning Merleau-Ponty perceive the subject and at the same time what is the role of time in his perceptive, corporeal, pre-reflective relation with a world. Subsequently we will be asking in what sense and to what extent can the time appear to a subjekt, i.e. in what manner can the subject apprehend himself as a historical existence.
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The Time Analysis in Merleau-Ponty's Phenomenology of Perception
Kormoutová, Adéla ; Čapek, Jakub (advisor) ; Ritter, Martin (referee)
The thesis deals with the concept of time by Merleau-Ponty. For a complete and comprehensive interpretation of Merleau-Ponty's thought, the analysis of interpretation of Husserl phenomenology internal time consciousness precedes, because Merleau-Ponty it explicitly follows. The thesis also marginally deals with the interpretation of Bergson (in the context of the philosophy of Merleau-Ponty) due to a clearer insight into Merleau-Ponty's criticism of Bergson's concept of time. The core of the thesis is on one hand the comparison of the time analysis of Edmund Husserl and Merleau-Ponty, on the other hand, setting out the basic ideas on which Merleau-Ponty's concept of time is based and identifying the major problems with which Merleau-Ponty faces. The author of the thesis focuses on the analysis of philosophers understanding of explicit presence and its borders in a "field of presence". Conclusion contains the assessment of Merleau-Ponty's time analysis on the basis of the previous reflections and the own opinion of the thesis on the topic.
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Annotated Translation: foreword to Sartre, J.-P.: L'Esquisse d'une théorie des émotions (Arnaud Thomès, Hermann, 2010, pp. 9-28)
Dvořák, Jan ; Duběda, Tomáš (advisor) ; Šotolová, Jovanka (referee)
This bachelor thesis consists of the Czech translation of a part of Arnaud Tomès's foreword to J.-P. Sartre's essay Esquisse d'une théorie des émotions (Sketch for a Theory of the Emotions) and of a theoretic annotation of this translation. The source text was written for a 2010 reprint of Sartre's essay and comprises a thorough analysis of Sartre's conception of emotions based upon E. Husserl's phenomenology. The annotation, which centres on the source text's analysis, the applied translation method and procedures together with encountered translation problems, is based upon an adapted version of Christiane Nord's Model and the Theory of Functional Equivalence as described by Dagmar Knittl. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The Theory of Judgment in School of Brentano and in the Early Work of Husserl
Janoušek, Hynek ; Urban, Petr (advisor) ; Moural, Josef (referee) ; Šebestík, Jan (referee)
The submitted doctoral thesis is an attempt to describe the nature and of the development of Brentano's theory of judgment. This description is followed by an introduction to the further development of Brentano's theory in the work of Brentano's most distinguished students Kazimierz Twardowski (1866-1938), Alexius Meinong (1853-1920), Anton Marty (1843-1914) and Edmund Husserl (1859-1938). The thesis is divided into five parts: The first part is dedicated to the explanation of Brentano's theory of judgment and starts with an interpretation of Brentano's two early books on Aristotle - On the several senses of Being in Aristotle (1862) and The Psychology of Aristotle (1867). The thesis presents Brentano's understanding of "being" in the sense of truth, his interpretation of the Aristotelian categories, his theory of parts and wholes, and his theory of intentionality and self-consciousness. Our interpretation then proceeds to Brentano's most known work, i.e. to Psychology from an Empirical Standpoint (1874), and presents the basic concept of this book, the concept of psychical phenomena. The resulting classification of psychical phenomena into three kinds introduces judgments as a kind of psychical phenomenon whose main feature consists in existential affirmation or rejection of an intentional object....
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Rehabilitation of the sensuous world from the environmental perspective of David Abram.
Slovák, Ľuboš ; Daněk, Tomáš (advisor) ; Jaroš, Filip (referee)
This thesis is an attempt to reflect on the theme of phenomena and sensuous world in the context of environmentalism. It deals with the condemnation of phenomena in the modern era science and especially in the contemporary neo-Darwinian biology, and with various attempts at rehabilitation of sensory perception as a relevant way of relating to the world in biology (Adolf Portmann, Hans Driesch) and philosophy (phenomenology, particularly Maurice Merleau-Ponty). The main subject of the thesis is the eco- phenomenology of David Abram and a comparison of his approach with the one held by contemporary biology. Based on this comparison it is argued in what manner may the thoughts of David Abram, and the effort to rehabilitate phenomena in general, be of benefit to the environmental discourse, particularly in terms of forming an original epistemology and ontology and concerning the ethical motivations. KEYWORDS: Abram, phenomenon, environmentalism, neo-Darwinism, phenomenology, eco-phenomenology
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Phenomenological conception of architecture of Christian Norberg-Schulz
Horáková, Tereza ; Ševčík, Miloš (advisor) ; Dadejík, Ondřej (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to present the theory of Norwegian theorist of architecture Christian Norberg-Schulz. The thesis focuses on the development of his mindset from analytical approach to the phenomenologically based premises. Norberg-Schulz's phenomenological conception, which was significantly influenced by philosopher Martin Heidegger, represents an innovative way of perceiving the field of architecture. Hence the space gains an existential dimension for Norberg-Schulz. The existential dimension along with the conception of specific place is the crucial concern of Norberg-Schulz's phenomenology of architecture. The thesis deals with this main Norberg-Schulz's conception of human spatiality and in conclusion confronts it with the situation of the contemporary architecture.
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