|
|
Gun Culture of Switzerland and the United Kingdom: Significance of Possession or Ban on Small Firearms for Democracy and Safety
Bock, Jan ; Weiss, Tomáš (advisor) ; Váška, Jan (referee)
On the example of two developed democratic states, the United Kingdom and Switzerland, gun culture phenomenon is being studied which means the relationship of society and state towards small firearms, expectations and fears of guns, meaning of the right to obtain, possess and bear guns in a modern democratic society, power and safety aspects of gun culture in both countries. A high explanatory power on gun culture is encompassed in a quantitative indicator of the ratio of injury numbers caused by firearms per capita to the total number of firearms per capita. Britain radically restricted the right to gun with the aim to increase safety, however with not fully convincing results. Switzerland by contrast made this right a key element of its defense strategy, but facilitation effect of easy access to arms has its negative impacts too. From the qualitative perspective, civilians' right to guns can be seen as indicator of state's trust in its citizens, an indicator of distribution of power between citizens and the state. The unanswered question is how to determine an optimal level of gun regulation while preserving one of the key rights of a free individual, the right to defend his/her legitimate interests.
|
|
|
Analysis: Liberal Democrats electoral debacle in 2015 general election
Kodat, Martin ; Váška, Jan (advisor) ; Kasáková, Zuzana (referee)
This work is an analysis of Liberal Democrats election debacle that this party suffered in general election 2015. Analyisi itself consist of two two areas. First of them is voting system FPTP and its impact on small political parties - under representation. Based on quantitative analysis of those constituencies where Liberal Democrats were defending their seats and lost. Result of this analysis proves that voting system FPTP is one of the reasons why Liberal Democrats suffered such an election debacle. As a reset of underepresentation, Liberal Democrats lost more constituencies then they would have, if different voting system was applied. Second part of this analysis focus on Liberal Democrats manifesto and its key points - tuition fees and electoral reform. These are two typice liberal issues which were emphasize during election campaign, yet weren't included in coalition agreement. By using polls results, I analyse how these issues had an impact on Liberal Democrats when they were debated in house of commons in case of tuition fees, and during referendum on electoral reform. Polls results prove that voters turn away from Liberal Democrats when these two issues were in headlights.
|
|
|
The decline of party identification in the United Kingdom and the Netherlands
Hluchá, Tereza ; Brunclík, Miloš (advisor) ; Charvát, Jan (referee)
This Master's thesis looks into the phenomenon of party identification and explores various factors that play a role in the emergence, development and decline of partisanship. It follows and compares the changing levels of party identification in the United Kingdom and the Netherlands from the 1960s to the present day and strives to determine the causes and effects of this process. It is widely accepted that declining party identification is linked to increasing electoral volatility. This thesis draws upon a range of range of theoretical works in the field of electoral behaviour. It utilizes findings of an original small scale research among the British and Dutch voters as well as established election studies.
|
|
|
Protection of personal rights in continental system and common law
Ondřejová, Eva ; Švestka, Jiří (advisor) ; Elischer, David (referee) ; Vychopeň, Martin (referee)
With the increased global infringement of personal rights, it is necessary to be aware of the protection in the different legal systems, especially Anglo-American. Even if the consequences are to be felt in the domestic legal order, the enforceability is recognized under the foreign legal order. The protection is worldwide and through the case law from the European Court of Human Rights the two legal systems - Common law and the Civil Law are penetrating the legislation and the case law in respect of the institute of the protection of personal rights. The doctorate thesis presents the complex introduction to the area of protection of personal rights in the Common law, especially in English law, Commonwealth countries and USA that has not been presented yet for the Czech legal professionals. The thesis explains theoretical concept of the Common law and its background for the purpose of explanation of differences of examined legal orders. The institute is explained on the key historical case law that led to establish the Common law principles. The thesis uses the current and topical legal cases and problems that the orders face in the 21st Century.
|
|
|
Analysis of the 2014 European Parliamentary election in Great Britain
Čermák, Miroslav ; Kasáková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Váška, Jan (referee)
Bachelor thesis Analysis of European Parliament Elections 2014 focuses on topic of the theory of second-order elections which is put into context of the United Kingdom's political system. At first the theory of second-order elections is introduced for using on the examples of British politics. Thesis tries to answer the question whether the European Parliament Elections 2014 could be find as a second-order elections. Text analyzes turnout and results of single british political parties in past European Parliament Elections and compares these statistics to results of European Parliament Elections 2009 and General Elections 2010. Thesis works with three component research criteria which analyzes single hypotheses in way of theory of second- order elections. The results of every single criterion that tend to be used correctly. So thesis leads to conclusion that the European Parliament Elections 2014 could be find as a second order elections.
|
|
|
Franco-British Military Cooperation
Volfová, Kateřina ; Kučera, Tomáš (advisor) ; Smetana, Michal (referee)
Bachelor thesis "Franco-British Military Cooperation" focuses on defence and security treaty which was signed by France and the United Kingdom in 2010. The so-called Lancaster House Treaty committed the countries to long term cooperation in various fields of defence and security. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the motives which led the countries to enhance defence cooperation and also analyze why did the countries decided for bilateral cooperation outside of the European Union framework. This paper compares the benefits and limitations of Franco-British bilateral cooperation with the benefits and limitations of cooperation through EU's Common Security and Defence Policy. The decisions of both countries were significantly influenced by economic factors. Defence budgets of both France and the United Kingdom had experienced significant cuts as a result of global economic crisis. Enhanced cooperation was therefore a way for the countries to keep their military capabilities. The paper also focuses on the political motives of the cooperation. It analyzes Franco-British defence cooperation since the end of the Cold War and tries to answear the question why did the countries decided to cooperate with each other.
|
|
| |
|
|
Legal regulation of consumer credit in selected jurisdictions
Teplý, Jan ; Kotáb, Petr (advisor) ; Kohajda, Michael (referee)
Legal regulation of consumer credit in selected jurisdictions - abstract This master thesis is a comparative study of consumer credit regulation. Consumer credit regulation is compared in three different countries: the Czech Republic, Russia and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The distinctions between the Czech regulation on one hand, and Russian and British regulations on the other hand are analyzed and evaluated in terms of their reasonability. The conclusion summarizes the recommendations for optimization of the future consumer credit regulation. Keywords Consumer credit, annual percentage rate of charge, interest, consumer credit advertising, Russia, United Kingdom
|
|
|
Comparison of official life tables construction in selected countries
Godunov, Ivan ; Burcin, Boris (advisor) ; Koňařík, Martin (referee)
Comparison of official life tables construction in selected countries Abstract The main goal of this work is to analyze the methods used by the selected statistical offices in the construction of mortality tables. This work explored fundamental differences regarding the type of published life tables and parameters estimation methods. The theoretical part provides an overview of basic methodological information and description of methodology used, which was acquired during communicating with the selected statistical offices. During the analysis it was found that the differences in calculating the various functions of life tables are minimal, so the analytical part is mainly devoted to methods of estimating the probability of death at age 0 and smoothing of probability of death in older age. Acquired procedures and methods were applied to the data for the Czech Republic for year 2010, which allowed the comparison itself. The final part is the overall evaluation of achieved results, where can be also found commentaries on selected procedures and methods. The analysis shows that the most widely used type is a detailed cross-sectional life table. The most appropriate models of smoothing mortality curve are Kannistö-Thatcher (UK) Martinellův model (Sweden) and Kannistö (Canada). On the other side, the least...
|
|
|
Comparison of the state of Public Affairs in the Czech Republic and Great Britain
Bergerová, Sabina ; Hejlová, Denisa (advisor) ; Shavit, Anna (referee)
This bachelor thesis follows the very first research on the state of public affairs in Czech environment and its comparison to neighbouring countries and so brings the comparison of the state of public affairs in the Czech Republic with Western style democracy on the example of the United Kingdom. The comparison is conducted on the basis of state regulations. Regulatory framework is then also completed with insight into self- regulation. Based on such method, number of dissimilarities and similarities between the states of public affairs in both countries are indentified - amongst the most significant of the latter falls: both countries (1) pursued establishment of separate law intensively only in very recent years; (2) decided to address the issue of unsatisfactory level of transparency within the industry by suggesting introduction of mandatory register that should be available to the public online; (3) aside from regulating actions of those in the public affairs industry, both countries emphasize the importance of regulating the ones who are lobbied; (4) highlight as potential problem the ‚revolving door effect'; (5) failed to achieve to approve the legislation in the way it was originally designed and both countries (6) still lack effective statutory regulation of the public affairs industry....
|
guest ::
