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Effect of algae feeding on selected qualitative indicators of milk of small ruminants
Novotná, Klára ; Stádník, Luděk (advisor)
Milk fat is one of the most important components of goat milk. Another benefit of goat milk fat is its better digestibility in comparison with cow milk, which is caused by the smaller size of lipid micelles. Goat milk fat contains more lower fatty acids (caproic, caprylic and capric), which affect the production and processing of milk and cause specific flavor of goat's milk and dairy products. In recent years, the subject of many studies the possibility of increasing the content of other health beneficial fatty acids in goat milk, such as conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Animal nutrition is a significant factor how to achieve these changes in the fatty acid profile of milk fat. For these purposes can be used as additives for certain species of algae which are the source of nutritionally valuable lipids with a high content of polyene fatty acids, especially omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids. The ability to change the composition of goat mikl fat, represents an opportunity for the development of new products. Functional foods, such as milk and dairy products enriched with omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids. The aim of this work is to determine what effect the addition of selected algae (Chlorella vulgaris and Japanochytrium sp.) On milk production and representation of the components of milk, focusing on the composition of milk fat and fatty acid profile in goat milk. Attention was paid to reduction of saturated and increase the proportion of nutritionally beneficial unsaturated fatty acids, in particular n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.
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Příspěvek k poznání vegetace sinic a řas vodních biotopů na Nepomucku
HAZUKOVÁ, Václava
The algological research was conducted in the surroundings of Nepomuk. In total, 9 fishponds and 2 streams were investigated over two years. Samples of net phytoplankton, periphyton and phytobenthos were collected in spring, summer and autumn. Moreover, various environmental variables were measured at each sampling site. Specimens were identified to the lowest taxonomic level possible and the relative abundance was assessed. Seasonal fluctuations and changes in the species composition among sampling sites were compared and discussed. The influence of environmental variables on changes in planktic and benthic assemblies was analysed. The list of species and the photodocumentation are presented.
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A comparison of metabolic activity and use of microalgae and pigment-formed yeasts
Szotkowski, Martin ; Kočí, Radka (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (advisor)
Carotenoids are natural pigments occurring in plants and many microorganisms, such as algae, yeast and bacteria. They represent the most common group of antioxidants with significant biological effect. Lipids are an essential component of all living organisms. They are the source and the reservoir of energy for organisms, which can also be used in the petrochemical industry for the production of biofuels. This thesis deals with the production properties of carotenoids and lipids by selected strains of yeasts, algae, and canobacteria, in order to apply the acquired knowledge and find cheap suitable alternatives for microbial biotechnological production of these metabolites using waste substrates. Carotenoids, coenzyme Q, and ergosterol in cells were determined by liquid chromatography. The lipid content and fatty acid profile was analyzed by gas chromatography. Cell morphology and localization of selected metabolites were analyzed by fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy. In this work yeast genera Sporobolomyces, Cystofilobasidium and Rhodotorula were used. As the representatives of the algae and cyanobacteria strains of Desmodesmus, Cyanothece, Chlamydomonas, Synechoccocus and Chlorella strains were studied. In the overall comparison, the yeast strains were more productive than algae and cyanobacteria. The highest carotenoid production was found in S. pararoseus, C. capitatum and R. mucilaginosa cells, while the highest lipid yield was observed in strains of C. infirmominiatum and S. metaroseus.
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Spectrophotometric determination of phosphate in ternary systems with dyes
Novotný, Radek ; Komendová, Renata (referee) ; Sommer, Lumír (advisor)
The theoretical part of this master’s thesis is focused on the characteristics and forms of phosphorus, occurrence in natural waters and the problems associated with higher phosphorus concentrations, especially in the development of cyanobacteria and algae. There are also described the possibilities of determining the degree of pollution of natural waters by nutrients and the effects of eutrophication. There are also described methods for the determination of phosphates, especially spectrophotometric determination in ternary systems with dyes. Like other methods are mentioned AAS, ion chromatography, electrophoresis and izotachophoresis, electrochemical methods or enzymatic methods. In the experimental part of this work deals with the selection and optimalization of suitable ternary system with organic dyes for spectrophotometric determination of orthophosphates. The system with phosphovanadomolybdic acid is studied too. For analytical procedure with malachite green oxalate, which was found to be most useful, were studied interfering ions, commonly occurring in natural waters . The chosen procedure was finally tested on real water samples.
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Determination of phosphates in waters and characterization of their negtive effects on water ecosystem
Novotný, Radek ; Komendová, Renata (referee) ; Sommer, Lumír (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is focused on the negative effects of phosphates in natural waters and their methods of determination. The first part is characterized by a negative impact on natural water and there are characterized the problems associated with eutrophication, development of cyanobacteria and algae and the resulting potential health risks. The second section describes the methods by which phosphates can be determined. The work highlights the particular spectrophotometric methods such as molybdophosphoric acid, vanadomolybdophosphoric acid, wolframophosphoric acid, phosphomolybdenum blue and methods with some basic dyes such as rhodamine B, rhodamine 6G, malachite green and crystal violet. There are also mentioned methods, which are used less frequently, but they are relatively sensitive, such as AAS, AES, LC-ICP-MS and next such as chromatographic, electrochemical and enzymatic methods. Finally, work mentions the possibility of using automatic techniques such as FIA or CFA, which are suitable for routine and frequent determination, often using the spectrophotometric methods, but not only these.
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Study of moisture conditions in the facade wall after application of the ETICS
Ševčíků, Robin ; Steuer,, Radek (referee) ; Šťastník, Stanislav (advisor)
In the last decades the application of ETICS (external thermal insulation composite system) became a popular measure to improve the energy performance and the weather resistance of facades in the building stock. However, hand in hand with that the problem of microorganisms such as algae and fungi on facades has substantially increased in re-cent years. One of the main reasons is the interaction of climate influences with modern compositions of thermal insulation systems resulting besides of large thermal and mois-ture loads in occurrences of green covers of algae on facade surfaces. The algae popula-tion on facades with ETICS is supported by the sufficient humidity, caused by the night temperature decrease of surface to the dew-point temperature and by consequent con-densation of vapour. The thermal radiation against clear night sky is responsible for the origin of this periodically repeated phenomenon. This bachelor’s thesis is concentrated to the description of available knowledge in this field and explains the phenomenons by means of principles of building physics. Moreover, at the end, in the practical part, there are presented the results of author’s own measurements concerning determination of basic properties of commonly used fa-cade materials (spectral emissivity, absorbing power), important with regard to the sub-ject of the thesis.
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Use of combination of bacteria and algae for wastewater treatment
Hlavsová, Barbora ; Stříteský, Lubomír (referee) ; Hlavínek, Petr (advisor)
The aim of this bachelor's thesis is to introduce the reader to the ever improving methods of biological wastewater treatment with the use of bacteria, algae and combination of both. Further it elaborates on the promising ways of utilizing biomass gained from these treatments in various sectors, such as energetics, chemistry, pharmacy and agriculture. The second part of the thesis offers a techno-economic study of wastewater treatment using combination of bacteria and algae in a specifically assigned area.
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Využití biologických přípravků (řasy, houby, výtažky) při závlaze zeleniny
Kořínek, Jaroslav
Algae has been using in many industrial and agricultural branches since 2 700 B. C. Application of algae, its extracts and preparations containing various extracts -- plant, mycorrhiza fungus, etc. -- in agriculture and horticulture is becoming more and more popular in these days. Several studies proved its positive effect on growth of various plant species. Scientific researches proved its impact on soil quality, growth of roots, plant's growth rate, photosynthesis, plant's quality and yield. Recent studies showed that extracts from seaweed for plant protection prevents from many factors that cause biotic and abiotic stress and also open up a potential of using in terrain. Main reason why biologic preparations should be used in agricultural is salinity and contamination of soil caused by using mineral fertilizers and pesticides.
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Využití bioaditiv v produkci bazalky (Ocimum basilicum)
Pečenka, Jakub
This diploma work is focused on the use of bioadditives (products based on algae and bacteria) in the production of basil (Ocimum basilicum). In the literar rewiew, this bioadditives are described generally in terms of their material composition, effect and use in practise. The experimental part deals with a field experiment with basil, which took place in Lednice in the land of the Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University in Brno in 2013. Basil was divided into 5 variants (4 + control). Individual variants were treated by Amalgerol Premium, EM -- farming Super aktiviert, Pro Milieu Terra and product from Rawat without trade name. The effect of these bioadditives on yield and nutritional parameters of basil were observed. Nutritional parameters were determined from fresh basil matter and from the dried matter. It was the total antioxidant capacity, content of phenols, flavonoids and dry matter. The results show that the application of these products has both positive and negative impact on the monitored parameters in basil. Yield parameters of these preparations were not significantly affected. The greatest effect has Amalgerol Premium and EM -- farming Super aktiviert on increase of total antioxidant capacity. EM -- farming variant was also found to increase total phenols and flavonoids.
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