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The importance of language consistency for literacy development
Trojanová, Mariana ; Seidlová Málková, Gabriela (advisor) ; Richterová, Eva (referee)
This bachelor thesis is a theoretical work discussing the extent of the impact of orthographic depth (consistency) on acquiring early literacy in alphabetic writing systems from the point of view of current psycholinguistics. Alphabetic writing systems vary in the regularity and consistency of their correspondences between graphemes and phonemes, which impacts the development of early reading and writing skills. The goal of this paper is to clarify whether the cognitive development underlying reading and writing skills has the same origin in languages with deep and shallow orthography or if it is of a different nature in the two. The impact of orthographic depth is examined on the level of (1) developmental dyslexia, (2) the rate of development of early literacy skills and (3) the predictors of the early literacy. Throughout research studies it is shown that the orthographical consistency has most impact on the rate and extend of obstacles which are faced by the young reader/writer while acquiring early reading and writing skills. However, the cognitive development underlying the early literacy skills and the predictors of future success in reading has the same origin in all alphabetic writing systems. Keywords: orthographic depth, alphabetic principle, psycholinguistic approach, predictors of...
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Communicative skills and disturbed communications ability of children before initiation of school attendance
Konkusová, Markéta ; Klenková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Durdilová, Lucie (referee)
TITLE: Communicative skills and disturbed communications ability of children before initiation of school attendance. AUTHOR: Markéta Konkusová DEPARTMENT: Department of Special Education SUPERVISOR: doc. PeadDr, Jiřina Klenková, Ph.D. ABSTRACT: The thesis analyzes the communication ability and communication disorder of children at the preschool age. Basic concepts relating to communication and as well as to processed individual categories of communication disorder skills of children before entering the elementary school are defined in the theoretical part of the work. Further the development of a child under the age of six years based on the study of professional sources is outlined including its psychomotor, cognitive and speech development. The final theoretical part is focused on both the possibilities of intervention in case of children suffering from communication disorders and at the speech therapy system for these children before entering the elementary school. In the practical part, which is aimed at parents of the preschool age children and their kindergarten teachers, the occurrence of disorders in this child category is specified. The parents' awareness of these problems and their satisfaction or dissatisfaction with the speech therapy care for their children is also investigated as well as the...
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Mental development of children with low birth weight
Švandová, Lucie ; Ptáček, Radek (advisor) ; Fischer, Slavomil (referee) ; Myšková, Lucie (referee)
Introduction: There is a high prevalence of cognitive and socioemotional dysfunction and disorders in very low birth weight (VLBW <1500 g) and extremely low birth weight (ELBW <1000 g) children. These findings raise concerns and questions about the level of mental development of these children, not only in early childhood but also during school age, adolescence and adulthood. Methods: Socioemotional and cognitive development was assessed in 118 children with VLBW or ELBW and 101 children with normal birth weight (≥ 2 500 g), aged 5 to 9 years. The test battery contained selected subscales from the Intelligence and Development Scales (IDS) and the Developmental Neuropsychological Assessment - second edition (NEPSY-II). Parents were administered Behaviour Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF), and an anamnestic interview as well as observation was also conducted. Results: A statistically significant difference in cognitive and socioemotional development between children with VLBW/ELBW and children with normal birth weight. The IQ score of children with normal birth weight was on average 12.98 points higher. These children also perform better results than children with VLBW/ELBW in all subtests of the IDS and NEPSY-II. Parents did not evaluate impaired executive function. Conclusion: Among...
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Qualitative Approach to Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test in Psychological Assesment of Children
Bartošová, Eliška ; Soukupová, Tereza (advisor) ; Goldmann, Petr (referee)
The thesis is focused on the Qualitative Approach to Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test in Psychological Assesment of Children. Attention is paid to the classical qualitative Osterrieth's approach and the DSS-ROCF (Developmental Scoring System for the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure). The theoretical part contains the introduction of the method, history, approaches to administration and evaluation. In accordance with the developmental context of the method, psychological processes that determine performance in the test and guides to interpret children's qualitative performance are introduced. Finally, the concept of ADHD syndrome and the use of Rey-Osterrieth's complex figure for psychological assesment of attention deficit disorders are defined. The empirical part presents a qualitative assessment of performance in the test in children with ADHD and non-clinical children. It describes the methodology of the research and its conclusions, which are discuss. The results of this work provide guidelines for qualitative assessment of child performance in the ROCF test and its interpretation. It provides information about the test in the psychological assesment of attention disorders and extends the validity of Osterrieth's qualitative approach to the assessment of a group of children with ADHD. Part of...
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Perceiving time with preschool kids
BÍCHOVÁ, Lucie
The bachelor thesis deals with the development of the time perception of preschool children. It submits a number of the practical activities which provides this field to the children in an enjoyable and edifying way. The aim of this thesis is to offer the methodical concepts of activities leading to the development of the time perception, to realize the projects and to find out their effectiveness. This work is divided into the theoretical and the practical part. The theoretical part is focused on the cognitive development of the preschool child and it describes the possibilities of the project lessons. The practical part is consist of four projects, which were planned and realized in the class of preschool children from five to six years old, it also includes the final evaluation. The projects are aimed at the development of orientation in time, and their influence was proved by eliciting the previous skills via the interviews with the children that were done before and after the projects.
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Raising Phonetic Awareness at Primary Level
Skočdopolová, Petra ; Červinková Poesová, Kristýna (advisor) ; Müller Dočkalová, Barbora (referee)
The theoretical part of the thesis scrutinizes the principles of awareness raising and noticing in language teaching. Furthermore, it focuses on their implementation in pronunciation teaching and examines the possible limitations to these approaches imposed by learners' age and level of cognitive development. The practical part presents a research which consists of designing a battery of pronunciation activities promoting noticing and awareness raising, followed by their pilotage in five different groups of elementary school pupils. The aim of the research is to determine whether the piloted activities result in young learners noticing the target pronunciation features. The results of the research suggest positive impact of the noticing and awareness raising activities even among the pupils at lower stage of cognitive development. Key words: young learners, teaching pronunciation, consciousness raising, noticing, cognitive development, learners' involvement
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Experiences of the Feldenkrais Method Practitioners with group lessons Awareness Through Movement for Children
Nejdlová, Eliška ; Vařeková, Jitka (advisor) ; Strnad, Pavel (referee)
Title of the Thesis: Experiences of the Feldenkrais Method Practitioners with group lessons Awareness Through Movement for Children The Aim of the Thesis: The Aim of the Thesis is finding out possible uses of Feldenkrais Method (FM) - Awareness Through Movement (ATM) in group lessons for children. We will use theoretical sources and information gained by internationally certified practitioners who use FM lessons for children groups. Method: We will use theoretical qualitative research Phenomenological conception, which has descriptive-analytical character. We chose this research because it was the most suitable one. Its main goal is description and analysis of the experience gained in the specific area. (phenomenon, action, situation or process). We cooperated with internationally certified practitioners who have used FM lessons for children groups. The research was provided by the written interview with open questions. Gained information were analyzed by topic analysis and then evaluated from the view of different topics. Results: The Thesis was dealing with the phenomenon of group lessons of Feldenkrais method (FM) - Awareness Through Movement (ATM). The results showed that this method and its principles can be used for children with or without specific needs from the age of two or three. We...
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