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Faults and errors in teatching French as a foreign language in Czech grammar schools
Eiblová, Marie ; Klinka, Tomáš (advisor) ; Suková Vychopňová, Kateřina (referee)
The diploma thesis is a reflection on the concept of error; it defines error in regard to language norm and language usage. It deals with errors committed by high school students. In addition, it seeks to uncover at least some of the causes why and how the error occurs, and it focuses on the influence of interference. It examines whether the phenomena that do not occur in Czech, are actually more difficult to understand and then to use in practical language. In the theoretical part the work also treats the issue of fault assessment, answers the critical questions in this area and summarizes some recommendations to the motivational and constructive evaluation that leads to understanding of the problem, and thus eliminating errors. In the practical part, it introduces the text which served as a basis for the research. In addition to the translation, students were also asked questions about the style of teaching, learning, assessment and their motivation for the studying French. Conclusions drawn from both the translations and the interviews are presented at the end of work. Keywords: error, grammar, meaning, speaker, interference, evaluation, learning styles, motivation, translation, written production
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Spiritual care for the sick and its organization in three hospitals
Drobná, Lenka ; Opatrný, Aleš (advisor) ; Dřímal, Ludvík (referee)
Spiritual care for the sick and its organization in three hospitals The aim of this thesis is to describe and compare the organization of spiritual care at Sisters of Mercy of St. Borromeo Hospital, University Hospital in Motol and Psychiatric Hospital Bohnice. The first part presents theoretical knowledge in the area of spiritual needs of patients and the provision of spiritual care. The practical part analyzes the provision of spiritual care in the selected hospitals. The practical part is based on information which was given in interviews with spiritual care providers in selected hospitals. Their statements are divided into topics allowing comparison. This thesis describes the development of spiritual care in the institution, the organization of a team of spiritual care providers, education and type of employment. It examines nature and availability of spiritual care, cooperation with the health departments. The purpose of this thesis is to highlight the state of providing spiritual care in hospitals in Prague and to induce a discussion on the topic. Keywords spirituality, care for the sick, suffering, meaning, accompanying
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Systemic and Translation Equivalents of German Adjectives Ending on -frei and -los
Bernasová, Mariana ; Kloudová, Věra (advisor) ; Vavroušová, Petra (referee)
This thesis uses language corpora to analyze Czech translations of a linguistically asymmetric phenomenon of German privatives ending in -frei and -los from three perspectives: translation typology (micro-stylistics and macro-stylistics), Popovič's stylistic adequacy (shifts of expression: intensification of expression, attenuation of expression, correspondence of expression) and potentially intrinsic feature of German privatives to perceive the fact of absence ("privation") as positive or negative. Privatives are adjectives that express the absence of substance or quality that is represented in their first (left) component; in the context of this work they are limited to adjectives ending in -frei, -los, -arm and -leer. In the Introduction the current state of research is outlined and its time and local limitations are explained. It is emphasized that corpus is here used not just for translation as such but also for theory of translation. The hypothesis starts from the assumption that German privatives as phenomena of grammar have no equivalent on this level in Czech; therefore a direct translation equivalent is often missing. For this reason it is also probable that the translator will have to decide for such Czech translation of one German privative that comprises more words or even a whole...
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How artists understand and experience their own artistic creation
Horčicová, Jana ; Chrz, Vladimír (advisor) ; Vanek, Marián (referee)
This bachelor thesis examines the unique life of fine artists. This work aims to understand how fine artists understand and experience their artistic creation. The thesis consists of a theoretical and empirical part. The theoretical part is devoted to art and artistic creation in the context of psychology, the emphasis is placed on selected fundamental psychological approaches. The empirical part examines how artists understand and experience their artistic creation based on the realisation and processing of in-depth semi-structured interviews with three fine artists aged 51, 35 and 41 years. The psychological qualitative approach - interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) was chosen to understand the unique lived experience of the examined fine artists. The results of the analysis and interpretation of interviews are 3 portraits, which depict the perspective of the examined artists, their unique lived experience and subjectively significant mainstays of their life and artistic creation. The other results are 4 main themes that capture the relation between the experiences of individual respondents, map the most important topics and reveal the essence of the examined phenomenon. The following main themes crystallised out of the available data: "Creation as…", "More than profession", "Artist as...
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The Linguistic Picture of Death, Afterlife and Dying in Primary and Secondary School Pupils
Wildová, Zuzana
The dissertation The Linguistic Picture of Death, Afterlife and Dying in Primary and Secondary School Pupils is devoted to the reconstruction of the linguistic picture of death in these groups of pupils, its mutual comparison and its comparison with the developed psychological concept of death. Furthermore, it describes how the taboo of this topic manifests itself in the pupils' linguistic picture of death and which modifications of the linguistic picture of the world are shown in the linguistic picture of death among pupils. In the first part, the dissertation deals with the concept of death in language and culture, and thus also with the linguistic and socio-cultural taboo of this phenomenon. We deal with the development of the conception of death in history and also the development of the concept of death of children and youth. The theoretical frame for this work is based on the methods of cognitive linguistics and its approach to linguistic research. We characterize this linguistic approach, its methods and the main representatives in the next part of the work. We use cognitive linguist methods not only for processing but also for collecting language data. In the third part, we analyze system, text and empirical language data. Textual data are derived from texts of intentional literature for...
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Meaning of the Sin Offering
Ciprová, Marie ; Beneš, Jiří (advisor) ; Holubová, Markéta (referee)
The intention of this thesis is to try to uncover the meaning of the sin offering once again. To get to this new point of view, it uses synchronic methods and thorough analysis of defined texts of Leviticus (from the first, the fourth and the sixth chapter) and it even uses analysis of single words in a wider context. First it is concerned about getting deeply into the understanding of what sin is, then that the sacrificial animal probably becomes the sin and the sin is killed. Also there is a priest, who makes rites with the blood and the fat. It is likely that both of these rites have very deep sense. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Psychological aspects of tatoo
Kdolská, Helena ; Doubek, David (advisor) ; Bittnerová, Dana (referee)
The goal of this thesis is to conduct qualitative research aimed at psychological aspects of tattoos in the form of ethnographic study. The research follows a relationship between an individual and his tattoos with the main topics being a motivation for getting a tattoo, meaning of the tattoo for the owner, and the relationship between the artist and his client. Data were gathered using unstructured interviews with an emphasis on building trust between the researcher and the interviewee. The study concludes the motivation can be distinguished into internal and external. The internal motivation represents the benefits tattoos can bring to his owner while the external motivation shows the ways an individual can use the tattoo to send a message to others. As for the owner-tattoo relationship, results show variations in how can one perceive his tattoos and what tattoo could mean for the owner. Some of the respondents viewed their tattoos as just a body decoration, others used them as symbols of their own deeper thoughts and lifestyle. When exploring the artist-client relationship, it has been found out trust and mutual sympathies as well as setting up proper boundaries to keep the relationship on the professional level all seem to play an important role. KEYWORDS tattoo, self-expression, identity,...
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Selected differences in Czech and English syntactic ambiguity
Rajchartová, Sofie ; Lancová, Klára (advisor) ; Ženíšek, Jakub (referee)
This thesis deals with selected types of English and Czech syntactic ambiguities. The main aim of this thesis is to compare examples of ambiguous structures in both languages and verify the occurrence of these types of ambiguities in either or both said languages. These examples are taken from two English young-adult novels, their respective film adaptations and the Czech translations. The thesis poses research questions regarding the overall frequency of ambiguous expressions, genre-dependency, the correspondence of translations and centres around the hypothesis that the selected types of ambiguities tend to appear more frequently in English than in Czech. The theoretical part of the thesis concentrates on the definition of meaning, context, ambiguity and the aforementioned types of syntactic ambiguities. The analytical part describes the research and provides an analysis of the differences, in order to verify the hypotheses of this thesis. KEYWORDS ambiguity, meaning, syntax, comparison, analytical language, synthetic language
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The Linguistic Picture of Death, Afterlife and Dying in Primary and Secondary School Pupils
Wildová, Zuzana
The dissertation The Linguistic Picture of Death, Afterlife and Dying in Primary and Secondary School Pupils is devoted to the reconstruction of the linguistic picture of death in these groups of pupils, its mutual comparison and its comparison with the developed psychological concept of death. Furthermore, it describes how the taboo of this topic manifests itself in the pupils' linguistic picture of death and which modifications of the linguistic picture of the world are shown in the linguistic picture of death among pupils. In the first part, the dissertation deals with the concept of death in language and culture, and thus also with the linguistic and socio-cultural taboo of this phenomenon. We deal with the development of the conception of death in history and also the development of the concept of death of children and youth. The theoretical frame for this work is based on the methods of cognitive linguistics and its approach to linguistic research. We characterize this linguistic approach, its methods and the main representatives in the next part of the work. We use cognitive linguist methods not only for processing but also for collecting language data. In the third part, we analyze system, text and empirical language data. Textual data are derived from texts of intentional literature for...
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The meaning of game in philosophical reflection
Keplová, Michaela ; Pelcová, Naděžda (advisor) ; Zicha, Zbyněk (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the phenomenon of play in philosophical reflection. The game is thought out in a variety of contexts, as it appears in historical but also contemporary philosophical thinking. It is thought of in relation to the whole world, nature and cosmic forces, in relation to life, society, culture, as a manifestation of creativity in art, as a counterweight serious work even as an intimate level of the experience of happiness. The work shows the game in the whole of their ambiguous designation and scope for individuals and the whole commonwealth. Individual chapters in which I am inspired by great thinkers from antiquity to the present is affected by these very different contexts in which the game is in philosophy thought out. Today 's ludology extends from the originally philosophical foundations to various areas of humanities research, which also appears in work by observing the so-called "lead of the game" and thinking about the pedagogical significance of the game in education and teaching. KEYWORDS game, symbol, meaning, concept, reflection
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