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Existencialism and its Implementation in Education
Krivdová, Annamária ; Hogenová, Anna (advisor) ; Hauser, Michael (referee)
This thesis aims to outline the most influential ideas of existentialism and relate them to our everyday life. The first part focuses on five existential writers and their most profound contributions. It addresses the works of Dostoyevsky, Kierkegaard, Nietzsche, Sartre, and Camus. The second part consists of twelve subchapters, tackling the questions of freedom, determinism, anxiety, suffering, authenticity, responsibility, and the search for meaning in life. This part seeks to put issues of existential philosophy into practical use and highlight its everlasting influence and relevance in today's world. It is constructed in the form of twelve lessons, offering various examples and views on the thought-provoking concepts presented in the first part.
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School on The Joy, Zdar nad Sázavou
Morávek, Jakub ; Mačuda, Michal (referee) ; Vítek, Jiří (advisor)
The bachelor's thesis refers to the official assignment of the management of the school Na Radosti in Žďár nad Sázavou. It is a democratic school where the teaching system is based on freedom of decision and non-archiving of individuals in the community. This school is now located in various locations in the city and needs a new quality space that meets current requirements and standards. The school with a capacity of about 100 pupils should create a pleasant space for teaching and support concentration. The demarcated plot of land directly encourages the direct connection of the school with nature, which is also required by the given system of teaching, as the teaching is also distributed to the outdoor areas.
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School on The Joy, Zdar nad Sázavou
Kučera, Petr ; Mačuda, Michal (referee) ; Vítek, Jiří (advisor)
The final bachelor's thesis responds to the request of the management of the Na Radosti school in Žďár nad Sázavou to design a new building for a democratic school. Due to the unsatisfactory current situation, where the school is located in several places in the town, it needs a new suitable space corresponding to their specific requirements and needs. A democratic school is a system of teaching based on the free choice of the individual. The new school, with a capacity of approximately 100 pupils, is to create a suitable space for learning, play and sport. Thanks to the designated land, it will also offer a connection to the landscape and create a creative and learning environment within it.
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Rousseau and his Influence on the French Revolution
Pravda, Petr ; Znoj, Milan (advisor) ; Šimsa, Martin (referee)
The "rigorózní" thesis focuses on the evaluation of Rousseau's legacy. It is based on the confrontation of two adverse pictures of his ideas. The first image sees Rousseau as a thinker who prepared with his original concepts fertile ground for diverse undemocratic regimes and ideologies. These always declare their allegiance to the loftiest ideals but only to perpetrate the biggest crimes and to deprive people of their liberty. The second image sees in Rousseau an uncompromising critic of social injustice who saw the only possibility for redemption in liberty and equality. In this case he was one of the most important thinkers who inspired people on the road to the victory of democracy and an author whose original ideas still keep to inspire and to fascinate. I argue in favor of the second picture. Rousseau's critique of the moral crisis is based on the disunity of modern social man. This disunity stems from the incessant conflict between our natural nature and the social state. Rousseau saw the only solution in the adaptation of the original nature to the new social state. This can be achieved only through an affective bond to a political whole. Just so can man keep his liberty which represents the basic value of his existence. In society it is no more a case of absolute freedom but of conscious obedience...
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The Topic of the Death in Existential Philosophy and its Influence on the Theological Reflection
Kuntová, Karolína ; Vogel, Jiří (advisor) ; Kučera, Zdeněk (referee)
Diploma thesis "The Topic of the Death in Existential Philosophy and its Influence on the Theological Reflection" deals with the Death in work of existential philosophers as Martin Heidegger, Jean - Paul Sartre, Karl Jaspers and Albert Camus. Authors concentrate on human being, which is direct to the Death. They mention about concepts, which influence of this perception of the Death, for example a freedom, an anxiety, a fear or a quilt. These concepts are importance to accept of the Death as a part of a human life. We can't omit the existence of God, who authors, without Karl Jaspers, decline. Diploma thesis deals with importance of the Death and what the Death tells for human. Authors concentrate on moment of the Death and subjective of the Death not only, but meaning of the Death in future too.
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Problem of Freedom in Existential Philosophy
Grospičová, Simona ; Pelcová, Naděžda (advisor) ; Rybák, David (referee)
TITLE: The Problem of Freedom in Existential Philosophy AUTHOR: Bc. Simona Grospičová DEPARTMENT: Social Sciences and Philosophy Department SUPERVISOR: doc. PhDr. Naděžda Pelcová, CSc. ABSTRACT: The main theme of this dissertation is the concept of freedom in the philosophy of Jean Paul Sarte and Søren Kierkegaard. The aim of this paper is to interpret freedom from the point of view of two representative existential thinkers in order to compare them. The dissertation strives to show that freedom does not have to be seen only as an ethical value but it can also be approached as a fundamental part of ourselves. Freedom is connected with the notion of existence, choice, anxiety, absurdity, paradox and responsibility. The first chapter is dedicated to the theme of existentialism in general. In the second chapter are examined Sartre's atheistic and ontological themes. In the third chapter is Sartre's freedom depicted in relation to the project and choice. The forth chapter concentrates on absolute concept of freedom in J. P. Sartre's philosophy. In the fifth chapter is Sartre's freedom put into relation with absolute responsibility. In the sixth, the seventh and the eighth chapter is examined Kierkegaard's concept of existence and freedom. In the ninth chapter is drawn comparison between these two thinkers and...
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Kierkegaard's conception of existence
Janatová, Kristýna ; Pelcová, Naděžda (advisor) ; Hogenová, Anna (referee)
The topic of the bachelor thesis is "Kierkegaard's conception of existence". There are both the life of the Danish philosopher Søren Kierkegaard and his philosophy discussed. The issue of human existence is analysed with its main three stages which are focused on aesthetics, ethics and religion. These stages of existence are at first described and afterwards compared with each other. The aesthetic represents the first stage of life and the religious stage is considered to be the highest aim of existence. The thesis deals with despair and anxiety with respect to being of human existence. Kierkegaard's philosophy is necessary to understand as to indirect advice appealing to our own existence. The thesis also refers to Kierkegaard's irreplaceable influence on existentialism. Key words: Existence, individuality, being, religion, freedom, subjectivity, anxiety, despair, love, death
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The concept of revolution in the work of N.A. Berdyaev
Belinson, Maria ; Nykl, Hanuš (advisor) ; Tumis, Stanislav (referee)
This thesis is focused on a concept of revolution in writings of Russian philosopher Nikolai Berdyaev. It starts with general characteristics of a philosopher's works and special attention is given to the style of his writing. Main objective of the thesis is a description of Berdyaev's relation to the term revolution itself, which is given from philosophical, sociological and his- toriosophical perspective, as well as putting his notion of revolution into the context of histor- ical events that has occurred during the first quarter of 20th century in Russia. Thesis draws on Berdyaev's articles that appeared in these collections of papers: The Problems of Idealism (Problemy idealizma), Signposts (Vekhi), De profundis (Iz glubiny) and on his works: The Spir- itual Crisis of the Intelligentsia, The Philosophy of Inequality, The Spiritual Origins of Russian Revolution.
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Contexts of emergence of freedom in the philosophy of Jean Paul Sartre
Straka, Jan ; Pelcová, Naděžda (advisor) ; Blažková, Miloslava (referee)
The goal of this thesis is to map Jean Paul Sartre's ontological inquiry into the concept of freedom. We will view Sartre as an influential modern ontologist. Therefore the concept of freedom will be apprehend within the framework of inquiry into the being of things, which in this perspective means the human being. The intelectual productivity of Sartre during the 1930s and 1940s finds its original ontological base for exploring the modes of being of human existence mainly within the perspective of Husserl's Phenomenology. That is true at least for his most influential work from this period called Being and nothigness (1943). This phenomenological basis of Sartre's inquiry are changing in the following decades towards the social ontology that originally connects his former existentialism with marxism viewed through fresh and original perspectives. This kind of ontology obtains its most coherent form in Sartre's extensive work called The Critique of Dialectical Reason (1960). Finally, we consider as necessary to reflect Sartre's work through the perspective of following generation of french philosophical thinking influenced mainly by structuralism. Structuralist readings of thinkers like Nietzsche, Freud, Marx or Sartre alone by this following generation of thinkers (Derrida, Levi Strauss,...
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Conception of the Other in the philosophy of Jean-Paul Sartre and Emmanuel Levinas
Tlapa, Tomáš ; Blažková, Miloslava (advisor) ; Hogenová, Anna (referee)
The aim of this diploma thesis is a philosophical interpretation of the problem of intersubjectivity in the work of Jean-Paul Sartre (1905 - 1980) and Emmanuel Levinas (1906 - 1995). In the first part, it deals with the conception of the Other in the Jean-Paul Sartre's Being and Nothingness and analyzes (after a brief introduction to Sartre's philosophy) concrete aspects of Sartre's theory of intersubjectivity. This part ends with a critique of Sartre's theory, which enable us to interpret the Levinas's theory as an alternative conception of intersubjektivity. The analysis in the second part is based on the Levinas's book Totality and infinity. The final part sums up the main differences of both conceptions. Key words: intersubjectivity, the Other, existence, freedom, ethics, Sartre, Levinas
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