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Everyday Persecution. Secret Police and the Opposition in Czechoslovakia in the 1970s and 1980s.
Hošek, Jakub ; Pullmann, Michal (advisor) ; Vilímek, Tomáš (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with clashing of Secret Police and opposition in Czechoslovakia in the 1970s and 1980s. The aim of this thesis is to plastically take down different forms of this collisions and also strategies, which were chosen by both involved sides and to suggest when creation of personal relations among members of both sides could occur. Submitted thesis bears on sources from the Secret Police provenance, materials and texts, which originated in inside of opposition and interviews with participants as well. All of it is supported by research and quoting of secondary literature. The first part consists of description of strategies, which the Secret Police applied against opposition. The description of how these strategies were projected into lives of opposition members is given in the second part of this thesis. In the third part defence mechanisms, which were created by opposition against repressions from the Secret Police are explained and the fourth part deals with human relations among members of Secret Police and dissidents. Key words: Secret Police, opposition, dissent, Charter 77, everyday life, persecution
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The life story of Věra Skálová Selnerová
Šraier, Petr ; Mücke, Pavel (advisor) ; Krátká, Lenka (referee)
This dissertation describes the life story of Věra Skálová Selnerová, a Czech actress who was born in 1921 in Prague. She grew up in Ústí nad Labem but in 1993, she and her family had to flee back to Prague. There she commenced her career as an actress - she worked with Andula Sedláčková and later on with Vlasta Burian. She also starred in several movies (Advokát chudých, Muži nestárnou, etc.). After the war she suspended her acting career and married General Jaroslav Selner, who fought on the Western and the Eastern Front. After February 1948, she and her husband were persecuted and together they left Prague. She worked as a clerk and a teacher. In the sixties, they returned to Prague and she began to work for Pragokoncert, but she had to leave this job in 1968 because of her political beliefs. Her husband died in 1973. After 1989, they were both rehabilitated. This thesis uses oral-history interviews, archival materials, scholarly literature and memoirs. Keywords: Věra Skálová Selnerová, theater, film, Protectorate, communism, persecution, everyday life. Abstract This dissertation describes the life story of Věra Skálová Selnerová, a Czech actress who was born in 1921 in Prague. She grew up in Ústí nad Labem but in 1993, she and her family had to flee back to Prague. There she commenced her...
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60th to 80th Years of the Czechoslovak Rock Music - the Period of Prosperity and Ruin
Solar, Martin ; Šafařík, Petr (advisor) ; Kocian, Jiří (referee)
60th to 80th years of the Czechoslovak rock music - the period of prosperity and ruin Bakalářská práce Abstract The Bachelor thesis describes the relationship between the communist regime and the domestic rock scene from its beginnings to the fall of the totalitarian regime. It analyzes the processes of the state apparatus against the music community and options as rock musicians in different decades offered for their creation. The paper describes the most famous cases typical for each season - the beginnings of rock and roll in Czechoslovakia, action against long-haired young men, underground and alternative music in the seventies and last but not least, punk, new wave and metal in the eighties. There is also a comparison with the situation in the west of the Czechoslovakian borders that reflect on the factors that led to the establishment clear-cut relationship to rock. Although the Czechoslovakian regime was in its policy towards rock music one of the least tolerant, efforts to contain its popularity has never been completely successful and essentially only deepen the alienation and disgust for the most part of young people against the communist regime. Martin Solar
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The Specific Features of Collectivization in Svitavy District between 1949 and 1960
Jiráček, Jiří ; Jančík, Drahomír (advisor) ; Jakubec, Ivan (referee)
The thesis deals with the process of collectivization in the area which was the called Svitavy National District Committee. The thesis represents economic and social transformation after the expulsion of Germans from Czechoslovakia. First chapter serves general characteristic of Svitavy District and Svitavy National District Committee which was the intermediary among the government and individual vil- lages. The next chapter focuses on the process of collectivization in Svitavy District divided into three phases - first phase (1949-1953), second phase (1953-1954) and third phase (1954-1960). Regional development is associated with nationwide con- texts which were connected with the process of collectivization. The following chap- ter devotes to individual process of collectivization in selected villages. The author attempts to show the peculiarities of realization of collectivization on the base of micro-historical insight. The aim of the last chapter is to outline the mechanism of judicial repression against private farmers. The main attention is focused on emi- nent local private farmer František Blažek. The trial of František Blažek became de- terrent tool which should accelerate the liquidation of "kulaks". The thesis describes the distinctions among the newly settled villages (by Czech people)...
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Jewisch Comunity in Zruč nad Sázavou
Augustovová, Jana ; Míšková, Alena (advisor) ; Foltýn, Dušan (referee)
In the thesis author concerns herself with the perished Jewish community in Zruč nad Sázavou. Main accent is put on the development of the Jewish settlement in 20th century. The thesis is devided into several chapters. The first chapter is an Introduction. History of Zruč nad Sázavou is sketched out in the second chapter. The third, most important chapter, is dedicated to development of the Jewish settlement since the beggining of the World War II, which signified the end of the Jewish community in Zruč nad Sázavou. The fourth chapter deals with the history of Dolní Kralovice and its parish under which Zruč belonged to. The last charter is the conclusion. The thesis stands mainly on study of archive sources. Data are also derived from the secondary literature.
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Presidential office after the accession of Klement Gottwald
Trpišovská, Jana ; Rychlík, Jan (advisor) ; Dobeš, Jan (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to introduce all changes, that occurred in the Presidential office since February 1948 until the death of Klement Gottwald. After the short introduction, which gives us insight into the so called the Foundation period of Communism and into the life of Klement Gottwald and his wife Marta, follows the opening chapter about the situation in the Presidential office after the February 1948. It introduces two great topics, which would be examined in the next chapters - staff question and organization of the office. The thesis is closed by the chapter about the role of the Prague castle and Gottwald himself in 1948-1953. Books about this era describe mostly the general characteristics of the period and of Klement Gottwald himself. They are not paying attention to the Presidential office. Only one of the persecuted employees wrote a biography - Miroslav Jirásek. I used mostly the books of Karel Kaplan. The memoirs of Ladislav Novák (chancellor of Antonín Zápotocký, Antonín Novotný and Ludvík Svoboda) were very useful for the description of the situation after the death of Klement Gottwald. Even though documents from a couple of archives were used, some questions were left without the answers. For example, the file of the action committee doesn't exist, so we couldn't describe its...
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Collectivization in the village Nemetice in 1950-1960
Jirsa, Tomáš ; Stehlík, Michal (advisor) ; Junek, Marek (referee)
(in English): The basis of the text is focusing on the explanation of the topic of the collectivization of Czech country on the example of the South Bohemian village Nemetice between years 1950- 1960, with the use of micro-historical probe to the life of the village. The introduction of the work is dealing with the presentation of the context of the region of Ceske Budejovice and the district of Strakonice, and characteristic of the village in the time before the beginning of the collectivization, from the political, religional and socio-economic point of view. Emphasis is put on the specifics which distinguished Nemetice from common village of the similar size. The main part of the text is focused on the events of statewide scale in the connection with the events in the village, the legal framework of the prepared collectivization, and the description of founding and running the collective farming (JZD) in the village. The aim of this part is to describe the methods which were supposed to suppress the resistance against the collectivization and force the farmers to joining the Common Agricultural Cooperative. The author puts great emphasis on the description of the last phase of collectivization in the village, happening from 1956 to 1959, in which the final establishment of the Common...
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Collectivization in the Central Bohemian Region
Macourková, Anna ; Rychlík, Jan (advisor) ; Blažek, Petr (referee)
This thesis focuses on the collectivization of Czechoslovakian countryside from 1949-1960. The current knowledge of agricultural policy of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia has been extended with the findings from a former Prague Region, present-day Central-bohemian Region. The first part consists of the analysis of the term collectivization in the international context, where a particular attention is paid to the process of collectivization in the Soviet Union. The author follows two main lines of the collectivization in the Czech environment. The former is the establishment of collective farms which formed the main pillar of the countryside socialization, the latter concentrates on the persecution of those who resisted the socialization, i.e. private landowners, known as kulaks. Part of the thesis deals with the agitation which accompanied the creation and running of the collective farms. Last but not least, the thesis includes the reflection of the fight against the kulaks on the pages of the then agricultural press - regional as well as nationwide.
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