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Risk factors for lung cancer
Pauk, Norbert ; Zatloukal, Petr (advisor) ; Králíková, Eva (referee) ; Malý, Marek (referee) ; Molnár, Vladimír (referee)
The objective of the fi rst part of the thesis was to estimate risk and protective factors on lung cancer risk in females, especially to study the differences in the impact of diet and physical exercise on lung cancer risk in female nonsmokers vs. smokers, and reveal interactions, if any. In a hospital based case-control study, data collected by in-person interviews from 569 female lung cancer cases and 2120 controls were analyzed using unconditional logistic regression stratifying by appropriate factors. To investigate the role of tobacco and some other known or suspected factors responsible for the risk of developing adenocarcinoma of the lung, and to compare with other cell types (squamous-, small- and large-cell cancers) in Czech women, we conducted a case-control study, this is described as a second part of the thesis. Data collected by personal interviews from 145 cases of adenocarcinoma of the lung, 221 lung cancer cases of other cell types, and 1624 controls were analyzed using unconditional logistic regression.
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Assyrian Religion with Regard to the Parallels and Differences in the Old Testament
Šašková, Kateřina ; Balabán, Milan (advisor) ; Pecha, Lukáš (referee) ; Prosecký, Jiří (referee)
My thesis deals with various manifestations of Assyrian religion and referes to many parallels or some diversities appearing in biblical texts related to the approximately coeval historical period. In the first chapter I describe the supreme Assyrian god Aššur whose characteristic was largely made according to the extant Mesopotamian texts and analysis of personal names containing the name of Aššur as theophorous element. I also deal with the functions of Aššur, his attributes and references to the other gods of Assyrian pantheon. The end of this chapter offers theories suggested by some scholars who suppose that the Assyrian religion tendet towards monotheism or even attained it. The second chapter deals wieth Aššurs temple, its history, organization and staff. The third chapter is related to the communication with gods. The first part of this chapter outlines the official cult which includes the kings person as high priest of national god and head of all temples in the whole empire, cultic rituals, care of the gods and oracular practices. Its seconad part characterizes personal piety manifested by faith in a personal god. using magical actions, fear of demons and trust in protective beings. The last chapter describes the Assyrian cultic calendar and festivals with and emphasis on the Aššurs temple in the...
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Biodiversity of fishes in the Czech Republic (3)
Lusk, Stanislav ; Halačka, Karel
This "Blue Book", third in a row, is largely devoted to problems of biodiversity of fishes. Besides contributions which present data on the biodiversity of concrete subjects in concrete localities and habitats on community, species and intraspecific levels, this book also contains contributions that emphasise biodiversity protection and conservation.
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Fenomén tůně: úvod do morfologie, hydrologie a limnologie
Pithart, David ; Pechar, Libor ; Hrbáček, Jaroslav
Small size of pools result in large interaction with the surrounding terrestrial ecosystem. 1.Wind protection caused by banks and vegetation results in stable water column. 2. Shading of vegetation restrict the amount of light, reaching the water surface. 3. Inflows of underground water may influence the water chemistry substantially. 4. Bottom processes influence the whole water volume in larger extent compared to large lakes.
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Sildenafil má rozsáhlé neuroprotektivní účinky při malonátem navozeném poškození striata potkana
Dvořáček, Jan ; Pourová, Jana (advisor) ; Nachtigal, Petr (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Student: Jan Dvořáček Supervisor: Prof. Norberto Aguirre, PharmDr. Jana Pourová, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Sildenafil causes a large neuroprotection against malonate-induced lesion of the rat striatum. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the neuroprotective effects of sildenafil (PDE-5 inhibitor) and of the substance SB203580 (p38 MAP kinase inhibitor). Both substances provided significant protection against malonate-induced lesions in the rat striatum. The results showed that the protective effects of sildenafil are not related to any effect on ROS production. The model of malonate-induced lesions was examined as well. The Bax levels remained unchanged in both the mitochondria and cytosol in the malonate-treated rats. Similarly, no changes in cytochrome c levels were observed.
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Posture imperfections and muscular disbalances among ice-hockey players of pupil categories.
NĚMCOVÁ, Kateřina
Posture imperfections in children resulting from the lack of physical activity represent a very frequently debated topic in recent times. My thesis, however, is focused on posture imperfections in children who are actively involved in ice-hockey. Active sport represents a large physical load. Long-term impact of single-sided load may result in paramyotonia and subsequent serious damage to the motion system. Therefore the organism needs to be protected against muscular dysbalances resulting in poor posture by means of suitable compensation programme. My thesis deals with elaboration and application of such compensation programme in ice-hockey players of pupil categories. I verified the effectiveness of the programme through input and output tests. I took the view that appropriately chosen programme, provided it becomes part of the training plan and it is truly followed, may sufficiently compensate negative impact of excessive physical load, which the ice-hockey has on child´s organism. Based on this conclusion I strived to determine certain recommendations that may help the ice-hockey coaches in drawing up training plans for children entrusted to them.
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The Low-Threshold Club in Humpolec - Yes or No?
Dománková, Jana ; Martinek, Michael (advisor) ; Křišťan, Alois (referee)
This thesis "The Low-Threshold Club in Humpolec - Yes or No?" deals with a question whether it is desirable to establish a low-threshold club for young people. In Humpolec there are several institutions offering classic leisure time activities to young people. The department for social and legal children's protection takes care of the young who are in danger of negative impacts. Everyone spends their free time in a specific way. The results of a survey made in Humpolec among respondents aged over fifteen show how the local teenagers spend their free time. The final judgment about foundation of a low- threshold club is necessary to be based on adolescent- aimed theories. Everyone is influenced by their psychic experience. Adolescence is a period of human life, during which the positive influence play a very important role. Taking this into consideration, the Roman Catholic Church has brought in two pastoral conceptions which are currently being put into practice by the Youth Section of the Czech Episcopal Conference and the Prague Salesian province. Although both conceptions follow the same aim - to lead one to the God- they differ in ways how to achieve it according to the target group they primarily focus on. While the Salesians address the young at large, the Czech Episcopal Conference focuses on the...
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Protection of cetaceans in international law
Milcová, Renata ; Žákovská, Karolina (advisor) ; Stejskal, Vojtěch (referee)
In four chapters that this thesis consists of is presented the protection provided to cetaceans by international law. The first chapter gives insight into the biology of cetaceans, names facts relevant to their conservation and its legal basis. The second chapter deals with legal regulation of whaling. It analyzes the history and current situation in the International Whaling Commission as the only global organization to manage the exploitation of large cetaceans, particularly in terms of adopting protective measures for the recovery and conservation of whale stocks. The third chapter focuses on the species approach in protection of cetaceans as endangered animals. The fourth chapter addresses the protection of cetaceans' environment. First it deals with the protection of marine environment in general and then with the protection of cetacean habitats.
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Changes in the composition and localization of gangliosides in cholestasis associated with other markers of pathological processes in hepatocytes.
Petr, Tomáš ; Muchová, Lucie (advisor) ; Mičuda, Stanislav (referee) ; Befekadu, Asfaw (referee)
This thesis is focused on the study of glycosphingolipids in the rat liver in different types of cholestasis and the effect of oxidative stress on changes in the composition and localization of gangliosides. First, it was necessary to optimize the immunochemical detection of glycosphingolipids. GM1 ganglioside was selected as a representative of a large glycolipid family. We found that minimum water content in the fixing solution was a key condition for fixation of histological sections. Optimized method of GM1 detection was subsequently used in in vivo experiments. We have demonstrated that estrogen-induced cholestasis characterized by high concentrations of bile acids and increased oxidative stress caused changes in the synthesis and distribution of liver gangliosides. HMOX induction is associated with a reduction in oxidative stress level and accompanied by normalization in GSL content. In experiments with obstructive cholestasis, we found that changes in the distribution and synthesis of gangliosides were not strictly specific to a particular type of cholestasis. We assume that it represents a general mechanism of hepatoprotection. We also confirmed the important role of bilirubin, product of HMOX reaction, in protection of hepatocytes against oxidative damage caused by high concentrations of...
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