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"Worst thing about it is that it is a must..." Roma and the Education System in the Czech Republic
Levínská, Markéta ; Kučera, Miloš (advisor) ; Morávková Krejčová, Lenka (referee) ; Uherek, Zdeněk (referee)
TITLE: "The worst thing about it is that it is a must…" Roma and the Education System in the Czech Republic AUTHOR: Mgr. Markéta Levínská, Ph.D. DEPARTMENT: Psychology SUPERVISOR: doc. PhDr. Miloš Kučera, Ph.D. ABSTRACT: The dissertation thesis presents the results of ethnographic research conducted between 2005 and 2012. The theoretical part provides an analysis of the cognitive process and looks for causes of prejudiced thinking. The practical part presents a number of topical articles with the intention to present the issues relating to the education of Roma in the Czech Republic from different perspectives. The first article deals with the Czech legislation and with the position of the Czech government. The rest of the practical part is divided into two sections - the first section presents two sets of outputs from researches conducted in an urban Roma community. The first article titled Eliška analyses the identity of a representative of the local community; the other, titled Romanka, describes the transfer of a Roma girl from elementary school to practical school. The second section contains chapters presenting field research in excluded rural areas. The chapter A weekday in Alfa addresses the issues of emergence of socially excluded locations and relationship between the majority and the minority....
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Shakespearean Minorities: Myth, Prejudice and Transformation
Bielková, Andrea ; Procházka, Martin (advisor) ; Nováková, Soňa (referee)
The thesis is concerned with the portrayal of the minorities in William Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice and Othello, the Moor of Venice. By means of close reading and the compare-and-contrast approach, the two main minority representatives - Shylock in The Merchant of Venice and Othello in Othello - are analysed from various perspectives. A special attention is paid to the comparison of the way they are presented to the audiences and the way they present themselves; how do they operate in the majority society and how their identities transform throughout the plays. The introductory chapter defines the key terms relevant for the thesis, the structure of the thesis and its main goals. Chapter 1 provides an insight into the perception of Jews and Moors in the European context from the Middle Ages up to the Early Modern period. Special attention is paid to the variety of popular stereotypes, prejudices and myths circulating in England and how are these reflected in the portrayal of the two minorities in the literature of the period. The main focus in Chapter 2 is on the analysis of the mutual relationship between the majority and the Other in the two plays, on the respects in which the Other is differentiated from and distanced by the majority and how these two groups coexist in the given context....
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Disability as a stigma, or on approach of nurses to persons with disability
NEUGEBAUER, Jan
The aim of the research is to find out the existence of prejudices about patients with handicap, to map caregivers' awareness of stigmatization, to identify the specific needs of handicap patients/clients and how they reflect on the nursing care. The notions of handicap, stigma, stigmatization, development of nursing care for handicapped patients, specification of nursing care, and importance of family members for nursing care are defined in the theoretical part. The practical part consists of the research, which was done by semi-structured interview. A pre-research was conducted before the research itself. In the pre-research, it was ascertain if the questions are understandable and the interviewees' answers are relevant. Ten nurses participated in the pre-research. Based on their remarks, the list of questions was updated and reworked. Thirteen representatives of nurses working in hospitals participated in the research. The selection of interviewees was deliberate and the only criterion for participation in the research was providing care for handicapped patients. Interviews were recorded and then transcribed in Microsoft Word. Individual answers were repeatedly read and then the parts related to the aims were highlighted in the text. All utterances were divided into groups according to the interviewees. After the realization of interviews and their transcription, the data was reduced, analysed, and divided into categories and subcategories. In some cases, there were similar subcategories, so they merged into superior category. The interviewees' awareness of stigmatization is not accurate and the caregivers' prejudices originate from mentally and socially handicapped. The undesirable factors, that affect nurses, are wrong communication, incorrect monitoring of specific needs, restricted or negative previous experience, and fear of the contagion of infectious disease that patients/clients can have. The interviewees state that after providing nursing care for the patients they suffer from higher amount of stress. We think, that understanding this problem can lead to the improvement of monitoring specific needs, avoiding complications, and more effective nursing care for handicapped patients/clients.
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Prejudice of Majority against Foreigners
Boštíková, Marie ; Bittnerová, Dana (advisor) ; Rendl, Miroslav (referee)
This thesis deals with the prejudices of the Czech society against foreigners, namely against Ukrainians. The observed problem is viewed in terms of both the majority opinion and foreigners' experience. Prejudices of Czech society are reflected by Czech and Ukrainian university students or college students or postgraduate students studying in Prague. The work is divided into two parts. The theoretical part presents Ukrainians living in the Czech Republic. Although the history is mentioned, this part deals mainly with the current situation of migrants who have come to the Czech Republic after 1989. The area of law that affects foreigners is also briefly outlined here. However, the central theme is the issue of attitudes and prejudices. The empirical part describes the objective of the work, methods of data collection and analysis and the research sample, but the main task is to present qualitative research data that familiarize us with the view of Czechs and Ukrainians on the prejudices of the Czech society. Both perspectives are compared to find some potential similarities and differences. The obtained results are then briefly summarized and discussed with findings from scientific literature. Keywords: Ukrainians in the CR, prejudices, attitudes, migrants, integration
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Seniors and active aging in the seniors'house in Ostrava
Lipowská, Jana ; Tuček, Milan (advisor) ; Trusinová, Romana (referee)
Demographic aging of population brings a number of needs, demands and changes in many areas of social life. In this case, Czech Republic has accepted several documents which also contain National Programme of Preparation for Aging for 2003 - 2007, and then for 2008 - 2012. This document regards to the concept of active aging and old age, which was accepted by the World Health Organization in the 90's, defined as a process of health quality development, seniors' social participation and the entire rising of a quality of life in an old age. The activity becomes desirable and proper way of the seniors' life. The diploma project is focused on the seniors' activities, specifically on the offer of activation activities and their usage in Ostrava seniors' house. The theoretical part is pursued on the definition of aging and old age, physical, mental and social changes and the science disciplines, which are focused on those. Besides, it deals with social services, closer with the seniors' houses, activity and activation in the houses and about the concept of active aging, National Programme of Preparation for Aging and European Year of Active Aging. The empirical part is focused on the case study of seniors' house in Ostrava, based on semi-structured and Focus group with seniors and activation workers. It...
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Discrimination of older persons in their access to employment
Chlapcová, Marcela ; Čabanová, Bohumila (advisor) ; Kotrusová, Miriam (referee)
The thesis "Discrimination of older persons in their access to employment"focuses on the discrimination problem of persons over 50 years of age when they look for a job. The discrimination is one of the factors that prevent older persons from entering the labor market, which affects not only those persons but the whole society as well. At first, the thesis determines the theoretical concepts, which it comes from. Those concepts go through the whole thesis. Further on, it outlines a brief survey of national and European legal norms that deal with the given problem. It also introduces institutions that manage the problem and that we can contact in case of encounter with discrimination. In the next part, the thesis focuses on the negative aspects of discrimination and on the occurrence frequency of discrimination itself in the Czech Republic, particularly in the job advertisements and during job interviews. The practical part of the thesis concentrates on the discrimination of person over 50 in the district of Teplice, both from the point of view of the unemployed persons and the employees of the Labor Office. The final part identifies main fields of problems, which it propose possible solutions for.
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Unemployment among the Roma target group and the possibility of solving this problem through Roma businessmen
DUDYOVÁ, Markéta
My bachalor ´s work dealths with the actual problem of unemployment of the members of the romany nationality who are living in Czech Republic, mainly with romany businessmen, who try to solve out the question of unemployment by creation of new job places for Gypsies who have got often problem to found out the work in majority czech society. The Bachelor´s work talks about some Romans in the age of the middle adulthood who menaged to found out their own company. The research is focused on founding of life circumstances of the Romans on the way to find an employment. They are often endangered by stereotypical thinking from the side of some people and their negative prejudices against the members of romany nationality. My research tries to clear some factors which motivate romany businessman to found out their own company and if they prefer to employ people of the same nationality. Between the main questions belongs also to try to found the answer, if the romany businessmen are trying to motivate their employes and if they want to solve out the problem of an unemployment of this aim group. In the theoretical part there is caught the historical developpement of Gypsies, their employment beafore and today. Then I will mention the era of the comunism as the important change in the Romany life and about the other breakthrough period, then the theoretical part dealths with the origin of the social excluding, then with the theory of the racism, with the prejudices and the labelling theory and some posibillities of the integration of the Roman citizens in our society in the present time with the help of the government of the Czech republic, which tries to bring various programmes and projects for the support of the unemployment. Empirical part is dedicated to qualitative research, which is based on four half- structured interwieves with men in the age above thirty years old who made their own private company, according to their oppinion they are reggarded as the Romans and they are asimilated with the czech society. The aim of the work is to describe the reasons, which lead the roman´s businessmen to the fondation of their own company and to found out the criterion for the choice of their employes. In this part there are summerised some feellings of the participants in the process of finding an employment, realization of own company and subsequent advance to take on, motivate and renumerate their employes.
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The attitudes of primary school pupils to selected minorities
HAMPL, Ladislav
This bachelor thesis deals with an attitude of elementary school students towards their schoolmates of different nationalities and ethnic groups. It consists of theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part is divided into three main chapters. The first chapter focuses on multiculturalism in general and multiculturalistic education in Czech Republic. It describes an integration of multiculturalistic education in general education plans of Czech Republic and in those of elementary schools. The second chapter focuses on attitudes, stereotypes and prejudices in general, their origin and ways of manipulation. The third chapter is dedicated to the most common ethnic groups living in Czech Republic, that is Ukrainians, Vietnamese, Russians, Slovaks and Romani. It describes their history in Czech Republic and differences of their customs. The practical part focuses on the research of elementary school students attitudes towards their schoolmates of different ethnic groups. The purpose of the research was to find out whether students hold any prejudices towards their schoolmates of different nationalities and ethnic groups and whether the same nationality is important for them during a creation of friendship bonds.
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